TECHNICAL STANDARDS DOCUMENT — No. 108, Revision 6

Standards Research and Development Branch

Motor Vehicle Safety Directorate

TRANSPORT CANADA

Ottawa, Ontario

K1A 0N5

TECHNICAL STANDARDS DOCUMENT

No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and

Associated Equipment

The text of this document is based on Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No.

108,

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment, as published in the U.S. Code of

Federal Regulations, Title

49, Chapter V, Part

571, as it read on February 8, 2016.

Publication Date:

Effective Date:

Mandatory Compliance Date:

February

04, 2021

February

04, 2021

February 04, 2021

Effective:

February 04, 2021

Technical Standards Document

Number 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and

Associated Equipment

(Ce document est aussi disponible en français.)

Introduction

As dened by section 12 of the

Motor Vehicle Safety Act, a Technical Standards Document

(TSD) is a document that reproduces an enactment of a foreign government (e.g. a Federal

Motor Vehicle Safety Standard issued by the U.S. National Highway Trafc Safety

Administration). According to the Act, the

Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations

may alter or

override some provisions contained in a TSD or specify additional requirements; consequently,

it is advisable to read a TSD in conjunction with the Act and its counterpart Regulation. As a

guide, where the corresponding Regulation contains additional requirements, footnotes indicate

the amending subsection number.

TSDs are revised from time to time in order to incorporate amendments made to the reference

document, at which time a Notice of Revision is published in the

Canada Gazette

Part

I. All

TSDs are assigned a revision number, with “Revision

0” designating the original version.

Identication of Changes

In order to facilitate the incorporation of a TSD, certain non-technical changes may be made to

the foreign enactment. These may include the deletion of words, phrases, gures, or sections

that do not apply under the Act or Regulations, the conversion of imperial to metric units,

the deletion of superseded dates, and minor changes of an editorial nature. Additions are

underlined, and provisions that do not apply are

stroked through. Where an entire section has

been deleted, it is replaced by: “[CONTENT NOT REPRODUCED]”. Changes are also made

where there is a reporting requirement or reference in the foreign enactment that does not apply

in Canada. For example, the name and address of the U.S. Department of Transportation are

replaced by those of the Department of Transport.

Effective Dates

The effective date of a TSD is the date of publication of its incorporating regulation or of

the notice of revision in the Canada Gazette, and the date as of which voluntary compliance

is permitted. The mandatory compliance date is the date upon which compliance with the

requirements of the TSD is obligatory. If the effective date and mandatory compliance date are

different, manufacturers may follow the requirements that were in force before the effective

date, or those of this TSD, until the mandatory compliance date.

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

In the case of an initial TSD, or when a TSD is revised and incorporated by reference by

an amendment to the Regulations, the mandatory compliance date is as specied in the

Regulations, and it may be the same as the effective date. When a TSD is revised with no

corresponding changes to the incorporating Regulations, the mandatory compliance date is six

months after the effective date.

Ofcial Version of Technical Standards Documents

Technical Standards Documents may be consulted electronically in both HTML and Portable

Document Format (PDF) on the Department of Transport’s Web site at http://www.tc.gc.ca/

eng/acts-regulations/regulations-crc-c1038.htm. The PDF version is a replica of the TSD as

published by the Department and is to be used for the purposes of legal interpretation and

application. The HTML version is provided for information purposes only.

(Original signed by)

Director, Standards Research and Development

for the Minister of Transport,

Ottawa, Ontario

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

iii

Table of Contents

Introduction .......................................................................................................................... i

Identication of Changes

..................................................................................................... i

Effective Dates ...................................................................................................................... i

Ofcial Version of Technical Standards Documents ........................................................ ii

S1 Scope. ........................................................................................................................... 1

S2 Purpose. ....................................................................................................................... 1

S3 Application.................................................................................................................... 1

S4 Denitions. ................................................................................................................... 1

S5 References to SAE publications. ................................................................................ 7

S6 Vehicle requirements. ................................................................................................ 8

S6.1 Required lamps, reective devices, and associated equipment by vehicle type. .. 8

S6.2 Impairment. ......................................................................................................... 10

S6.3 Equipment combinations. ....................................................................................11

S6.4 Lens area, visibility and school bus signal lamp aiming. ....................................11

S6.5 Marking. .............................................................................................................. 12

S6.6 Associated equipment. ......................................................................................... 14

S6.7 Replacement equipment. ...................................................................................... 14

S7 Signal lamp requirements. ....................................................................................... 14

S7.1 Turn signal lamps. ................................................................................................ 14

S7.2 Taillamps . ............................................................................................................ 19

S7.3 Stop lamps. .......................................................................................................... 20

S7.4 Side marker lamps. ............................................................................................. 22

S7.5 Clearance and identication lamps. .................................................................... 23

S7.6 Backup lamps. ..................................................................................................... 24

S7.7 License plate lamps. ............................................................................................ 24

S7.8 Parking lamps. .................................................................................................... 26

S7.9 High-mounted stop lamps. .................................................................................. 26

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.10 Daytime running lamps (DRLs). ....................................................................... 27

S7.11 School bus signal lamps. ................................................................................... 28

S8 Reective device requirements. .............................................................................. 29

S8.1 Reex reectors. ................................................................................................. 29

S8.2 Conspicuity systems. ........................................................................................... 30

S9 Associated equipment requirements. ..................................................................... 34

S9.1 Turn signal operating unit. .................................................................................. 34

S9.2 Turn signal asher. .............................................................................................. 34

S9.3 Turn signal pilot indicator tell-tale. .................................................................... 34

S9.4 Headlamp beam switching device. ...................................................................... 35

S9.5 Upper beam headlamp indicator tell-tale. ........................................................... 35

S9.6 Vehicular hazard warning signal operating unit. ................................................ 36

S9.7 Vehicular hazard warning signal asher. ............................................................ 36

S9.8 Vehicular hazard warning signal pilot indicator tell-tale. ................................... 36

S10 Headlighting system requirements. ...................................................................... 37

S10.1 Vehicle headlighting systems. ........................................................................... 37

S10.2 [Reserved] ....................................................................................................... 37

S10.3 Number. See Tables I-a and I-c. ........................................................................ 37

S10.4 Color of light. See Tables I-a and I-c. ................................................................ 37

S10.5 Mounting location. See Tables I-a and I-c and S6.1.3.5. ................................... 37

S10.6 Mounting height. See Tables I-a and I-c. ........................................................... 37

S10.7 Activation. See Tables I-a and I-c, Table II, and S6.1.5. ................................... 37

S10.8 Effective projected luminous lens area. No requirement. .................................. 37

S10.9 Visibility. No requirement. ................................................................................. 37

S10.10 Indicator Tell-tale. See S9.5. ............................................................................ 37

S10.11 Markings. See S6.5. ......................................................................................... 37

S10.12 Spacing to other lamps. See S6.1.3.5. .............................................................. 37

S10.13 Sealed beam headlighting systems. ................................................................ 37

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S10.14 Integral beam headlighting systems. ............................................................... 38

S10.15 Replaceable bulb headlighting systems. ......................................................... 40

S10.16 Combination headlighting systems. ................................................................ 41

S10.17 Motorcycle headlighting systems. .................................................................. 42

S10.18 Headlamp aimability performance requirements (except for motorcycles) .... 44

S11 Replaceable light source requirements. ............................................................... 50

S11.1 Markings. .......................................................................................................... 50

S11.2 Ballast markings. .............................................................................................. 50

S11.3 Gas discharge laboratory life. ........................................................................... 51

S11.4 Physical tests. .................................................................................................... 51

S12 Headlamp concealment device requirements. ..................................................... 51

S13 Replaceable headlamp lens requirements. .......................................................... 52

S14 Physical and photometry test procedures and performance requirements. ..... 52

S14.1 General test procedures and performance requirements. .................................. 52

S14.2 Photometric test procedures. ............................................................................. 53

S14.3 Motorcycle headlamp out of focus test procedure and performance

requirements. .....................................................................................................59

S14.4 General test procedures and performance requirements. .................................. 60

S14.5 Signal lamp and reective device physical test procedures and performance

requirements. .....................................................................................................64

S14.6 Headlamp physical test procedures and performance requirements. ................ 65

S14.7 Replaceable light source physical test procedures and performance

requirements. ......................................................................................................76

S14.8 Vehicle headlamp aiming devices (VHAD) physical test procedures and

performance requirements. ................................................................................78

S14.9 Associated equipment physical test procedures and performance

requirements. ......................................................................................................79

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

LIST OF TABLES

Table I-a—Required Lamps and Reective Devices...................................................... 92

Table I-b—Required Lamps and Reective Devices

..................................................... 99

Table I-c—Required Lamps and Reective Devices .................................................... 103

Table II-a—Headlighting Systems - Sealed Beams ...................................................... 106

Table II-b—Headlighting Systems - Combination ...................................................... 107

Table II-c—Headlighting Systems - Integral Beams ................................................... 108

Table II-d—Headlighting Systems - Replaceable Bulb ............................................... 109

Table III—Marking Requirements Location

................................................................110

Table IV-a—Effective Projected Luminous Lens Area Requirements ........................112

Table IV-b—Effective Projected Luminous Lens Area Requirements .......................113

Table IV-c—Effective Projected Luminous Lens Area Requirements

........................113

Table V-a—Visibility Requirements of Installed Lighting Devices .............................113

Table V-b—Visibility Requirements of Installed Lighting Devices - Lens Area

Visibility Option

...............................................................................................................114

Table V-c—Visibility Requirements of Installed Lighting Devices - Luminous

Intensity Visibility Option ...............................................................................................115

Table V-d—Visibility Requirements of Installed Lighting Devices

(Legacy Visibility Alternative)

........................................................................................116

Table VI-a—Front Turn Signal Lamp Photometry Requirements .............................117

Table VI-b—Front Turn Signal Lamp Photometry Requirements

.............................118

Table VII—Rear Turn Signal Lamp Photometry Requirements ................................119

Table VIII—Taillamp Photometry Requirements ....................................................... 120

Table IX—Stop Lamp Photometry Requirements....................................................... 121

Table X—Side Marker Lamp Photometry Requirements

.......................................... 122

Table XI—Clearance and Identication Lamps Photometry Requirements ............ 123

Table XII—Backup Lamp Photometry Requirements

................................................ 124

Table XIII-a—Motorcycle Turn Signal Lamp Alternative Photometry

Requirements

................................................................................................................... 125

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

vii

Table XIII-b—Motor Driven Cycle Limited Speed Motorcycle Stop Lamp

Alternative Photometry Requirements ......................................................................... 126

Table XIV—Parking Lamp Photometry Requirements .............................................. 127

Table XV—High Mounted Stop Lamp Photometry Requirements

........................... 128

Table XVI-a—Reex Reector Photometry Requirements ........................................ 129

Table XVI-b—Additional Photometry Requirements for Conspicuity

Reex Reectors

............................................................................................................. 129

Table XVI-c—Retroreective Sheeting Photometry Requirements ........................... 130

Table XVII—School Bus Signal Lamp Photometry Requirements ........................... 131

Table XVIII—Headlamp Upper Beam Photometry Requirements

........................... 132

Table XIX-a—Headlamp Lower Beam Photometry Requirements ........................... 133

Table XIX-b—Headlamp Lower Beam Photometry Requirements........................... 134

Table XIX-c—Headlamp Lower Beam Photometry Requirements

........................... 135

Table XX—Motorcycle and Motor Driven Cycle Limited Speed Motorcycle

Photometry Requirements ............................................................................................. 136

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1—Chromaticity Diagram ................................................................................. 137

Figure 2—Flasher Performance Chart ......................................................................... 138

Figure 3—Replaceable Bulb Headlamp Aim Pads ...................................................... 139

Figure 4—Headlamp Connector Test Setup

................................................................. 140

Figure 5—Headlamp Abrasion Test Fixture ................................................................ 141

Figure 6—Thermal Cycle Prole ................................................................................... 142

Figure 7—Dirt / Ambient Test Setup

............................................................................. 143

Figure 8—Replaceable Light Source Deection Test Setup ........................................ 144

Figure 9—Environmental Test Prole .......................................................................... 145

Figure 10—Replaceable Light Source Pressure Test Setup

........................................ 146

Figure 11—Trailer Conspicuity Treatment Examples ................................................. 147

Figure 12-1—Trailer Conspicuity Detail I

.................................................................... 148

Figure 12-2—Trailer Conspicuity Detail II

.................................................................. 149

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

viii

Figure 13—Tractor Conspicuity Treatment Examples ............................................... 150

Figure 14 — Type F: Headlamp Aim Deection Test Setup........................................ 151

Figure 15 — Types G and H: Headlamp Aim Deection Test Setup .......................... 151

Figure 16 — Types A and E: Headlamp Aim Deection Test Setup

........................... 151

Figure 17 — Type B: Headlamp Aim Deection Test Setup ....................................... 151

Figure 18 — Types C and D: Headlamp Aim Deection Test Setup .......................... 151

Figure 19—License Plate Lamp Target Locations

....................................................... 152

Figure 20—License Plate Lamp Measurement of Incident Light Angle ................... 153

Figure 21—Vibration Test Machine .............................................................................. 154

Figure 22—Flasher Standard Test Circuit

................................................................... 155

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

1 For applicability, see Schedule III and section 108 of Schedule IV of the Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations

(MVSR).

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Technical Standards Document

Number 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reﬂective Devices, and

Associated Equipment

Scope.

This

Technical Standards Document (TSD)

standard

species requirements for original

and

replacement

lamps, reective devices, and associated equipment.

Purpose.

The purpose of this

TSD

standard

is to reduce trafc accidents and deaths and injuries resulting

from trafc accidents, by providing adequate illumination of the roadway, and by enhancing the

conspicuity of motor vehicles on the public roads so that their

presence is perceived and their

signals understood, both in daylight and in darkness or other conditions of reduced visibility.

Application.

[CONTENT NOT REPRODUCED]

Denitions.

Aiming plane

means a plane dened by the surface of the three aiming pads on the lens.

(plan

d’orientation)

Aiming reference plane

means a plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis

of the

vehicle and tangent to the forwardmost aiming pad on the headlamp.

(plan d’orientation repère)

Aiming screws

are the horizontal and vertical adjusting screws with self-locking features used to

aim and retain a headlamp unit in the proper position.

(vis d’orientation)

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Axis of reference means the characteristic axis of the lamp for use as the direction of reference

(H = 0°, V = 0°) for angles of eld for photometric measurements and for installing the lamp on

the vehicle.

(axe de référence)

Backup lamp means a lamp or lamps which illuminate the road to the rear of a vehicle and

provide a warning signal to pedestrians and other drivers when the vehicle is backing up or is

about to back up. (feu de recul)

Beam contributor means an indivisible optical assembly including a lens, reector, and light

source, that is part of an integral beam headlighting system and contributes only a portion of a

headlamp beam. (projecteur contribuant)

Cargo lamp is a lamp that is mounted on a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, or bus

for the purpose of providing illumination to load or unload cargo. (dispositif d’éclairage du

compartiment de charge)

Clearance lamps are lamps which show to the front or rear of the vehicle, mounted on the

permanent structure of the vehicle as near as practicable to the upper left and right extreme

edges to indicate the overall width and height of the vehicle. (feux de gabarit)

Coated materials means a material which has a coating applied to the surface of the nished

sample to impart some protective properties. Coating identication means a mark of the

manufacturer’s name, formulation designation number, and recommendations for application.

(matériaux enrobés)

Color Fundamental denitions of color are expressed by Chromaticity Coordinates according

to the CIE 1931 Standard Colorimetric System, as described in the CIE 1931 Chromaticity

Diagram (

incorporated by reference, see § 571.5). (couleur)

Color bleeding means the migration of color out of a plastic part onto the surrounding surface.

(saignement)

Combination clearance and side marker lamps are single lamps which simultaneously fulll the

requirements of clearance and side marker lamps. (combinaison feu de gabarit et feu de position)

Combination headlamp means a headlamp that is a combination of two different headlamp

types chosen from a type F sealed beam headlamp, an integral beam headlamp, or a replaceable

bulb headlamp. (combinaison de projecteurs)

Cracking means a separation of adjacent sections of a plastic material with penetration into the

specimen. (craquelage)

Crazing means a network of apparent ne cracks on or beneath the surface of materials.

(ssuration)

Cutoff means a generally horizontal, visual/optical aiming cue in the lower beam that marks a

separation between areas of higher and lower luminance. (coupure)

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Daytime running lamps (DRLs) are steady burning lamps that are used to improve the

conspicuity of a vehicle from the front and front sides when the regular headlamps are not

required for driving. (Feux de jour (FDJ))

Delamination means a separation of the layers of a material including coatings. (délamination)

Design voltage means the voltage used for design purposes. (tension de calcul)

Direct reading indicator means a device that is mounted in its entirety on a headlamp or

headlamp aiming or headlamp mounting equipment, is part of a VHAD, and provides

information about headlamp aim in an analog or digital format. (indicateur à lecture directe)

Effective light-emitting surface means that portion of a lamp that directs light to the

photometric test pattern, and does not include transparent lenses, mounting hole bosses,

reex reector area, beads or rims that may glow or produce small areas of increased

intensity as a result of uncontrolled light from an area of

⁄

° radius around a test point.

(surface de sortie efcace de la lumière)

Effective projected luminous lens area means the area of the orthogonal projection of the

effective light-emitting surface of a lamp on a plane perpendicular to a dened direction relative

to the axis of reference. Unless otherwise specied, the direction is coincident with the axis of

reference. (surface lumineuse efcace projetée d’une lentille)

Exposed means material used in lenses or optical devices exposed to direct sunlight as installed

on the vehicle. (exposé)

Filament means that part of the light source or light emitting element(s), such as a resistive

element, the excited portion of a specic mixture of gases under pressure, or any part of other

energy conversion sources, that generates radiant energy which can be seen. (lament)

Flash means a cycle of activation and deactivation of a lamp by automatic means continuing

until stopped either automatically or manually. (clignotement)

Fully opened means the position of the headlamp concealment device in which the headlamp is

in the design open operating position. (entièrement ouvert)

H-V axis means the line from the center of the principal lament of a lamp to the intersection of

the horizontal (H) and vertical (V) lines of a photometric test screen. (axe H-V)

Haze means the cloudy or turbid appearance of an otherwise transparent specimen caused by

light scattered from within the specimen or from its surface. (obscurcissement)

Headlamp means a lighting device providing an upper and/or a lower beam used for providing

illumination forward of the vehicle. (projecteur)

Headlamp concealment device means a device, with its operating system and components, that

provides concealment of the headlamp when it is not in use, including a movable headlamp

2 See the Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations (MVSR), subsection 2(1), for the applicable denition

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

cover and a headlamp that displaces for concealment purposes. (dispositif de dissimulation de

projecteur)

Headlamp mechanical axis means the line formed by the intersection of a horizontal and a

vertical plane through the light source parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. If the

mechanical axis of the headlamp is not at the geometric center of the lens, then the location will

be indicated by the manufacturer on the headlamp. (axe mécanique du projecteur)

Headlamp test xture means a device designed to support a headlamp or headlamp assembly in

the test position specied in the laboratory tests and whose mounting hardware and components

are those necessary to operate the headlamp as installed in a motor vehicle. (appareil d’essai de

projecteur)

High-mounted stop lamp means a lamp mounted high and possibly forward of the tail, stop, and

rear turn signal lamps intended to give a steady stop warning through intervening vehicles to

operators of following vehicles. (feu de freinage surélevé)

Identification lamps are lamps used in groups of three, in a horizontal row, which show to the

front or rear or both, having lamp centers spaced not less than [6 in] 152 mm nor more than

[12 in] 304 mm apart, mounted on the permanent structure as near as practicable to the vertical

centerline and the top of the vehicle to identify certain types of vehicles. (feux d’identication)

Integral beam headlamp means a headlamp (other than a standardized sealed beam headlamp

designed to conform to paragraph S10.13 or a replaceable bulb headlamp designed to conform

to paragraph S10.15) comprising an integral and indivisible optical assembly including lens,

reector, and light source, except that a headlamp conforming to paragraph S10.18.8 or

paragraph S10.18.9 may have a lens designed to be replaceable. (projecteur à faisceau intégré)

License plate lamp means a lamp used to illuminate the license plate on the rear of a vehicle.

(lampe de plaque d’immatriculation)

Lower beam means a beam intended to illuminate the road and its environs ahead of the

vehicle when meeting or closely following another vehicle. (faisceau-de croisement)

Material means the type and grade of plastics, composition, and manufacturer’s designation

number and color. (matériau)

Mechanically aimable headlamp means a headlamp having three pads on the lens, forming an

aiming plane used for laboratory photometric testing and for adjusting and inspecting the aim of

the headlamp when installed on the vehicle. (projecteur orientable de façon mécanique)

Motor driven cycle means every motorcycle, including every motor scooter, with a motor

which produces not more than 5 horsepower, and every bicycle with motor attached.

(cyclomoteur)

3 See the Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations (MVSR), subsection 2(1), for the applicable definition of limited-

speed motorcycle.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Motorcycle or motor driven cycle limited speed motorcycle headlamp means a major lighting

device used to produce general illumination ahead of the vehicle. (projecteur de motocyclette

ou de cyclomoteur motocyclette à vitesse limitée)

Mounting ring means the adjustable ring upon which a sealed beam unit is mounted. (anneau

de montage)

Mounting ring (type F sealed beam) means the adjustable ring upon which a sealed beam unit is

mounted and which forces the sealed beam unit to seat against the aiming ring when assembled

into a sealed beam assembly. (anneau de retenue (projecteur scellé de type F))

Multiple compartment lamp means a device which gives its indication by two or more

separately lighted areas which are joined by one or more common parts, such as a housing or

lens. (feu à compartiments multiples)

Multiple lamp arrangement means an array of two or more separate lamps on each side of the

vehicle which operate together to give a signal. (arrangement à feux multiples)

Optically combined means a lamp having a single or two lament light source or two or more

separate light sources that operate in different ways, and has its optically functional lens area

wholly or partially common to two or more lamp functions. (combiné optiquement)

Overall width means the nominal design dimension of the widest part of the vehicle, exclusive

of signal lamps, marker lamps, outside rearview mirrors, exible fender extensions, mud aps,

and outside door handles determined with doors and windows closed, and the wheels in the

straight-ahead position. Running boards may also be excluded from the determination of overall

width if they do not extend beyond the width as determined by the other items excluded by this

denition. (largeur hors tout)

Parking lamps are lamps on both the left and right of the vehicle which show to the front and

are intended to mark the vehicle when parked or serve as a reserve front position indicating

system in the event of headlamp failure. (feux de stationnement)

Protected means material used in inner lenses for optical devices where such lenses are

protected from exposure to the sun by an outer lens made of materials meeting the requirements

for exposed plastics. (Protégé)

Rated voltage means the nominal circuit or vehicle electrical system voltage classication.

(tension nominale)

Reex reectors are devices used on vehicles to give an indication to approaching drivers

using reected light from the lamps of the approaching vehicle. (cataphotes)

Remote reading indicator means a device that is not mounted in its entirety on a headlamp or

headlamp aiming or headlamp mounting equipment, but otherwise meets the denition of a

direct reading indicator. (téléindicateur)

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Replaceable bulb headlamp means a headlamp comprising a bonded lens and reector

assembly and one or two replaceable light sources, except that a headlamp conforming to

paragraph S10.18.8 or paragraph S10.18.9 may have a lens designed to be replaceable.

(projecteur à ampoule remplaçable)

Replaceable light source means an assembly of a capsule, base, and terminals that is designed

to conform to the requirements of appendix A or appendix B

49 part 564 Replaceable Light

Source Information of this Chapter V of title 49 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)

(hereinafter referred to as part 564). (source lumineuse remplaçable)

Retaining ring means the clamping ring that holds a sealed beam unit against a mounting ring.

(anneau de retenue)

Retaining ring (type F sealed beam) means the clamping ring that holds a sealed beam unit

against a mounting ring, and that provides an interface between the unit’s aiming/seating pads

and the headlamp aimer adapter (locating plate). (anneau de retenue (projecteur scellé de

type F))

School bus signal lamps are alternately ashing lamps mounted horizontally both front and rear,

intended to identify a vehicle as a school bus and to inform other users of the highway that such

vehicle is stopped on the highway to take on or discharge school children. (feux de signalisation

d’autobus scolaire)

Sealed beam headlamp means an integral and indivisible optical assembly including the light

source with “SEALED BEAM” molded in the lens. (projecteur scellé)

Sealed beam headlamp assembly means a major lighting assembly which includes one or

more sealed beam units used to provide general illumination ahead of the vehicle. (montage de

projecteur scellé)

Seasoning means the process of energizing the lament of a headlamp at design voltage for a

period of time equal to 1% of design life, or other equivalent method. (vieillissement)

Semiautomatic headlamp beam switching device is one which provides either automatic or

manual control of beam switching at the option of the driver. When the control is automatic the

headlamps switch from the upper beam to the lower beam when illuminated by the headlamps

on an approaching vehicle and switch back to the upper beam when the road ahead is dark.

When the control is manual, the driver may obtain either beam manually regardless of the

conditions ahead of the vehicle. (dispositif de commutation de faisceau de projecteur semi-

automatique)

Side marker lamps are lamps which show to the side of the vehicle, mounted on the permanent

structure of the vehicle as near as practicable to the front and rear edges to indicate the overall

length of the vehicle. Additional lamps may also be mounted at intermediate locations on the

sides of the vehicle. (feux de position latéraux)

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Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Stop lamps are lamps giving a steady light to the rear of a vehicle to indicate a vehicle is

stopping or diminishing speed by braking. (feux de freinage)

Taillamps are steady burning low intensity lamps used to designate the rear of a vehicle. (feux

arrière)

Test voltage means the specied voltage and tolerance to be used when conducting a test.

(tension d’essai)

Turn signal lamps are the signaling element of a turn signal system which indicates the

intention to turn or change direction by giving a ashing light on the side toward which the turn

will be made. (feux de changement de direction)

Turn signal asher means a device which causes a turn signal lamp to ash as long as it is

turned on. (clignotant des feux de changement de direction)

Turn signal operating unit means an operating unit that is part of a turn signal system by which

the operator of a vehicle causes the signal units to function. (dispositif activant les feux de

changement de direction)

Upper beam means a beam intended primarily for distance illumination and for use when not

meeting or closely following other vehicles. (faisceau-de route)

Vehicle headlamp aiming device or VHAD means motor vehicle equipment, installed either on

a vehicle or headlamp, which is used for determining the horizontal or vertical aim, or both the

vertical and horizontal aim of the headlamp. (dispositif d’orientation intégré du véhicule ou

DOIV)

Vehicular hazard warning signal asher means a device which, as long as it is turned on, causes

all the required turn signal lamps to ash. (clignotant des signaux de détresse du véhicule)

Vehicular hazard warning signal operating unit means a driver controlled device which causes

all required turn signal lamps to ash simultaneously to indicate to approaching drivers the

presence of a vehicular hazard. (dispositif activant les signaux de détresse du véhicule)

Visually/optically aimable headlamp means a headlamp which is designed to be visually/

optically aimable in accordance with the requirements of paragraph S10.18.9 of this TSD

standard. (projecteur orientable visuellement/optiquement)

S5 References to SAE publications.

Each required lamp, reective device, and item of associated equipment must be designed to

conform to the requirements of applicable SAE publications as referenced and subreferenced

in this TSD standard. The words “it is recommended that,” “recommendations,” or “should be”

appearing in any SAE publication referenced or subreferenced in this TSD standard must be

read as setting forth mandatory requirements.

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S6 Vehicle requirements.

S6.1 Required lamps, reective devices, and associated

equipment by vehicle type.

S6.1.1 Quantity. Except as provided in succeeding paragraphs of this S6.1.1 each vehicle

must be equipped with at least the number of lamps, reective devices, and items of associated

equipment specied for that vehicle type and size in Table I and Section 6.6, designed to

conform to the requirements of this TSD standard. Multiple license plate lamps and backup

lamps may be used to fulll photometric requirements for those functions.

S6.1.1.1 Conspicuity systems. Each trailer of 2032 mm or more in overall width, and with

a GVWR over 4,536 kg (10,000 lb.), except a trailer designed exclusively for living or ofce

use, and each truck tractor must be equipped with retroreective sheeting, reex reectors, or a

combination of retroreective sheeting and reex reectors as specied in S8.2.

S6.1.1.2 High-mounted stop lamps. Each multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, and bus

required by this TSD standard to be equipped with a high-mounted stop lamp, whose vertical

centerline, when the vehicle is viewed from the rear, is not located on a xed body panel but

separates one or two moveable body sections, such as doors, which lacks sufcient space to

install a single high-mounted stop lamp on the centerline above such body sections, must have

two high-mounted stop lamps identical in size and shape.

S6.1.1.2.1 The two lamps must be located at the same height, with one vertical edge of each

lamp on the vertical edge of the body section nearest the vehicle centerline.

S6.1.1.3 Truck tractor rear turn signal lamps. A truck tractor need not be equipped with turn

signal lamps mounted on the rear if the turn signal lamps installed at or near the front are of

double face construction and are located such that they meet the photometric requirements for

double faced turn signal lamps specied in Footnote 6 of Table VII.

S6.1.1.3.1 The ashing signal from a double faced signal lamp must not be obliterated when

subjected to external light rays from either in front or behind, at any and all angles.

S6.1.1.4

Daytime running lamps. Any pair of lamps on the front of a passenger car,

multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, or bus, whether or not required by this TSD standard,

other than parking lamps or fog lamps, may be wired to be automatically activated, as

determined by the manufacturer of the vehicle, in a steady burning state as daytime running

lamps (DRLs) in accordance with S7.10.5.

S6.1.2 Color. The color in all lamps and reective devices to which this TSD standard applies

must be as specied in Table I. The color identied as amber is identical to the color identied

as yellow.

4 See Schedule IV of the MVSR, subsections 108(25) to 108(30) for daytime running lamps requirements.

Effective:

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S6.1.3 Mounting location.

S6.1.3.1 Each lamp, reective device, and item of associated equipment must be securely

mounted on a rigid part of the vehicle, other than glazing, that is not designed to be removed

except for repair, within the mounting location and height limits as specied in Table I, and in

a location where it complies with all applicable photometric requirements, effective projected

luminous lens area requirements, and visibility requirements with all obstructions considered.

S6.1.3.2 When multiple lamp arrangements for rear turn signal lamps, stop lamps, or taillamps

are used, with only a portion of the lamps installed on a xed part of the vehicle, the lamp or

lamps that are installed to the non-xed part of the vehicle will be considered auxiliary lamps.

S6.1.3.3 License plate lamp. The license plate lamp or lamps installed on vehicles other

than motorcycles and motor driven cycles limited speed motorcycles must be mounted so

as to illuminate the license plate without obstruction from any designed feature unless the

lamp or lamps is (are) designed to comply with all the photometric requirements with these

obstructions considered.

S6.1.3.4 High-mounted stop lamps.

S6.1.3.4.1 Interior mounting. A high-mounted stop lamp mounted inside the vehicle

must have means provided to minimize reections from the light of the lamp upon the rear

window glazing that might be visible to the driver when viewed directly, or indirectly in

the rearview mirror.

S6.1.3.4.2 Accessibility. Each high-mounted stop lamp must provide access for convenient

replacement of bulbs without special tools.

S6.1.3.5 Headlamp beam mounting.

S6.1.3.5.1

Vertical headlamp arrangement.

S6.1.3.5.1.1 Where multiple headlamps with single light sources are installed in a vertical

orientation the lower beam must be provided by the uppermost headlamp.

S6.1.3.5.1.2 Where headlamps with two vertically oriented light sources are installed the

lower beam must be provided by the uppermost light source or by all light sources.

S6.1.3.5.2 Horizontal headlamp arrangement.

S6.1.3.5.2.1 Where multiple headlamps with single light sources are installed in a horizontal

orientation the lower beam must be provided by the most outboard headlamp.

S6.1.3.5.2.2 Where headlamps with two horizontally oriented light sources are installed the

lower beam must be provided by the outboard light source or by all light sources.

5 The requirements of S6.1.3.5.1, Vertical headlamp arrangement, do not apply with regard to headlamps

mounted on a motorcycle or motor tricycle, as specied in subparagraphs 108(10)(a) and 108(11)(a)(i) of

Schedule IV of the MVSR.

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S6.1.3.6 Auxiliary lamps mounted near identication lamps. Each auxiliary lamp must be

located at least twice the distance from any required identication lamp as the distance between

two adjacent required identication lamps.

S6.1.4 Mounting height. The mounting height of each lamp and reective device must be

measured from the center of the item, as mounted on the vehicle at curb weight, to the road

surface.

S6.1.4.1 High-mounted stop lamps.

S6.1.4.1.1 A high-mounted stop lamp mounted below the rear window must have no lens

portion lower than 153 mm [6 in] below the lower edge of the rear glazing on convertibles, or

77 mm [3 in] on other passenger cars.

S6.1.5 Activation. Each lamp must be activated as specied, in the combinations specied,

and in response to the inputs specied in Table I and Table II.

S6.1.5.1 Hazard warning signal. In all passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles,

trucks, and buses, the activation of the vehicular hazard warning signal operating unit must

cause to ash simultaneously sufcient turn signal lamps to meet, as a minimum, the turn signal

photometric requirements of this TSD standard.

S6.1.5.2 Simultaneous beam activation.

S6.1.5.2.1 On any vehicle to which this TSD standard applies where the headlighting system

is designed to conform to the photometric requirements of UB1 of Table XVIII and LB1M or

LB1V of Table XIX-a, the lamps marked “L” or “LF” may remain permanently activated when

the lamps marked “U” or “UF” are activated.

S6.1.5.2.2 On any vehicle to which this TSD standard applies where an integral beam

headlighting system is designed to conform to the photometric requirements of UB6 of Table

XVIII and LB5M of Table XIX-b or LB4V of Table XIX-c, the lower beam headlamps must

remain permanently activated when the upper beam headlamps are activated.

S6.1.5.2.3 On any vehicle to which this TSD section applies where the headlighting system

is designed to conform to the photometric requirements of UB2 of Table XVIII and LB2M or

LB2V of Table XIX-a, a lower beam light source may remain permanently activated when an

upper beam light source is activated if the lower beam light source contributes to the upper

beam photometric compliance of the headlighting system.

S6.2 Impairment.

S6.2.1 No additional lamp, reflective device, or other motor vehicle equipment is permitted to

be installed that impairs the effectiveness of lighting equipment required by this TSD standard.

S6.2.2 If any required lamp or reective device is obstructed by motor vehicle equipment

(e.g., mirrors, snow plows, wrecker booms, backhoes, winches, etc.) including dealer installed

equipment, and cannot meet the applicable photometry and visibility requirements, the vehicle

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

must be equipped with an additional lamp or device of the same type which meet all applicable

requirements of this TSD standard, including photometry and visibility.

S6.2.3 Headlamp obstructions.

S6.2.3.1 When activated in the steady burning state, headlamps (excluding headlamps

mounted on motorcycles) must not have any styling ornament or other feature, such as a

translucent cover or grill, in front of the lens

S6.2.3.2 Headlamp wipers may be used in front of the lens provided that the headlamp system

is designed to conform with all applicable photometric requirements with the wiper stopped in

any position in front of the lens.

S6.3 Equipment combinations.

Two or more lamps, reective devices, or items of associated equipment may be combined if

the requirements for each lamp, reective device, and item of associated equipment are met

with the following exceptions:

S6.3.1 No high-mounted stop lamp is permitted to be combined with any other lamp or

reective device, other than with a cargo lamp.

S6.3.2 No high-mounted stop lamp is permitted to be optically combined with any cargo lamp.

S6.3.3 No clearance lamp is permitted to be optically combined with any taillamp.

S6.4 Lens area, visibility and school bus signal lamp aiming.

S6.4.1 Effective projected luminous lens area. Each turn signal lamp, stop lamp, high-

mounted stop lamp, and school bus signal lamp must meet the applicable effective projected

luminous lens area requirement specied in Tables IV-a, IV-b, and IV-c.

S6.4.2 Visibility. Each backup lamp, single or combination of dual high-mounted stop

lamp(s), and school bus signal lamp must meet the applicable visibility requirement specied in

Table V-a.

S6.4.3 Visibility options. A manufacturer must certify compliance of each lamp function to

one of the following visibility requirement options, and it may not thereafter choose a different

option for that vehicle:

(a) Lens area option. When a vehicle is equipped with any lamp listed in Table V-b each such

lamp must provide not less than 1250 sq mm of unobstructed effective projected luminous lens

area in any direction throughout the pattern dened by the corner points specied in Table V-b

for each such lamp; or

(b) Luminous intensity option. When a vehicle is equipped with any lamp listed in Table V-c

each such lamp must provide a luminous intensity of not less than that specied in Table V-c in

Effective:

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

any direction throughout the pattern dened by the corner points specied in Table V-c for each

such lamp when measured in accordance with the photometry test requirements of this TSD

standard.

S6.4.4 Legacy visibility alternative. As an alternative to S6.4.3, each passenger car and

motorcycle, and each multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, trailer, and bus that is of less

than 2032 mm overall width, that is manufactured on or before September 1, 2011, and each

multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, trailer, and bus that is of 2032 mm or more overall

width, that is manufactured on or before September 1, 2014, must have each lamp located so

that it meets the visibility requirements specied in Table V-d.

S6.4.5 School bus signal lamp aiming. Each school bus signal lamp must be mounted on

the vehicle with its aiming plane vertical and normal to the vehicle longitudinal axis. Aim

tolerance must be no more than 127 mm (5 in.) vertically and 254 mm (10 in.) horizontally at

7.6 m (25 ft.) from the lamp. If the lamps are aimed or inspected by use of SAE Recommended

Practice J602-1963 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5), the graduation settings for aim

must be 2° D and 0° sideways for aiming and the limits must be 3° U to 7° D and from 10° R to

10° L for inspection.

S6.5 Marking.

A summary of the marking requirements of this TSD standard and their location in the

TSDstandard is contained in Table III.

S6.5.1 DOT marking. The lens of each original equipment and replacement headlamp, and

of each original equipment and replacement beam contributor, and each replacement headlamp

lens for an integral beam or replaceable bulb headlamp, must be marked with the symbol

“DOT” either horizontally or vertically to indicate certication under 49 U.S.C. 30115.

S6.5.1.1 The DOT marking requirements for conspicuity materials are specied in S8.2 of this

TSD standard.

S6.5.1.2 Each original equipment or replacement lamp or reective device specied in Table I,

except for a headlamp, or an item of associated equipment specied in S9 may be marked with

the symbol “DOT” which constitutes a certication that it conforms to the requirements of this

TSD standard.

S6.5.2 DRL marking. Each original equipment and replacement lamp used as a daytime

running lamp (DRL), unless optically combined with a headlamp, must be permanently marked

“DRL” on its lens in letters not less than 3 mm high.

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S6.5.3 Headlamp markings.

S6.5.3.1 Trademark. The lens of each original and replacement equipment headlamp, and

of each original and replacement equipment beam contributor must be marked with the name

and/or trademark registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Ofce of the manufacturer

of such headlamp or beam contributor, of its importer, or any manufacturer of a vehicle

equipped with such headlamp or beam contributor. Nothing in this TSD standard authorizes

the marking of any such name and/or trademark by one who is not the owner, unless the

owner has consented to it.

S6.5.3.2 Voltage and trade number. Each original and replacement equipment headlamp, and

each original and replacement equipment beam contributor must be marked with its voltage and

with its part or trade number.

S6.5.3.3 Sealed beam headlamp markings.

S6.5.3.3.1 Each sealed beam headlamp lens must be molded with “sealed beam” and the

appropriate designation code as shown in Table II in characters no less than 6.35 mm in size.

S6.5.3.3.2 The face of any character molded on the surface of the lens must not be raised more

than 0.5 mm above the lens surface.

S6.5.3.3.3 Type 1C1, 2C1, and 2D1 headlamps must have no raised markings on the outside

surface of the lens between the diameters of 40 mm and 90 mm about the lens center.

S6.5.3.3.4 Type 1A1, 2A1, 2B1, and 2E1 headlamps must have no raised markings on the

outside surface of the lens within a diameter of 70 mm about the lens center.

S6.5.3.3.5 Type LF, UF, 1G1, 2G1, and 2H1 headlamps must have no raised markings on the

outside surface of the lens within a diameter of 35 mm about the lens center.

S6.5.3.3.6 [CONTENT NOT REPRODUCED]”.

S6.5.3.4 Replaceable bulb headlamp markings.

S6.5.3.4.1 The lens of each replaceable bulb headlamp must bear permanent marking in front

of each replaceable light source with which it is equipped that states either: The HB Type, if

the light source conforms to S11 of this TSD standard for lament light sources, or the bulb

marking/designation provided in compliance with Section VIII of appendix A of 49 CFR Part

564 (if the light source conforms to S11 of this TSD standard for discharge light sources).

S6.5.3.4.1.1 No marking need be provided if the only replaceable light source in the headlamp

is type HB1.

S6.5.3.5 Additional headlamp markings. Additional marking requirements for headlamps are

found in, S10.14.4, S10.15.4, S10.17.2, S10.18.5, S10.18.7, and S10.18.9 of this TSD standard.

S6.5.3.6 [CONTENT NOT REPRODUCED]

Effective:

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S6.6 Associated equipment.

S6.6.1 All vehicles to which this TSD standard applies, except trailers, must be equipped

with a turn signal operating unit, a turn signal asher, a turn signal pilot indicator tell-tale, a

headlamp beam switching device, and an upper beam headlamp indicator tell-tale meeting the

requirements of S9.

S6.6.2 All vehicles to which this TSD standard applies except trailers and motorcycles must

be equipped with a vehicular hazard warning operating unit, a vehicular hazard warning signal

asher, and a vehicular hazard warning signal pilot indicator tell-tale meeting the requirements

of S9.

S6.6.3 License plate holder. Each rear license plate holder must be designed and constructed to

provide a substantial plane surface on which to mount the plate.

S6.6.3.1 For motor vehicle on which the license plate is designed to be mounted on the vehicle

such that the upper edge of the license plate is 1.2 m or less from the ground, the plane of the

license plate mounting surface and the plane on which the vehicle stands must be perpendicular

within 30 degrees upward (an installed plate will face above the horizon) and 15 degrees

downward (an installed plate will face below the horizon).

S6.6.3.2 For motor vehicles on which the license plate is designed to be mounted on the

vehicle such that the upper edge of the license plate is more than 1.2m from the ground, the

plane of the license plate mounting surface and the plane on which the vehicle stands must be

perpendicular within +/-15 degrees.

S6.7 Replacement equipment.

[CONTENT NOT REPRODUCED]

S7 Signal lamp requirements.

S7.1 Turn signal lamps.

S7.1.1 Front turn signal lamps.

S7.1.1.1 Number . See Tables I-a and I-c.

S7.1.1.2 Color of light . See Tables I-a and I-c.

S7.1.1.3 Mounting location . See Tables I-a and I-c.

S7.1.1.4 Mounting height . See Tables I-a and I-c.

S7.1.1.5 Activation . See Tables I-a and I-c.

S7.1.1.6 Effective projected luminous lens area . See Table IV-a.

Effective:

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.1.1.7 Visibility . See S6.4.

S7.1.1.8 Indicator Tell-tale. See S9.3.

S7.1.1.9 Markings. See S6.5.1.2.

S7.1.1.10 Spacing to other lamps .

S7.1.1.10.1 Each front turn signal lamp must also be designed to comply with any additional

photometry requirements based on its installed spacing to other lamps as specied by this TSD

section. Where more than one spacing relationship exists for a turn signal lamp the requirement

must be the one that species the highest luminous intensity multiplier of Tables VI-a and VI-b.

S7.1.1.10.2 Spacing measurement for non-reector lamps . For any front turn signal lamp that

does not employ a reector to meet photometric requirements, the spacing must be measured

from the light source of the turn signal lamp to the lighted edge of any lower beam headlamp,

or any lamp such as an auxiliary lower beam headlamp or fog lamp used to supplement the

lower beam headlamp.

S7.1.1.10.3 Spacing measurement for lamps with reectors . For any front turn signal lamp

which employs a reector, such as a parabolic reector, to meet photometric requirements,

the spacing must be measured from the geometric centroid of the turn signal lamp effective

projected luminous lens area to the lighted edge of any lower beam headlamp, or any lamp

such as an auxiliary lower beam headlamp or fog lamp used to supplement the lower beam

headlamp.

S7.1.1.10.4 Spacing based photometric multipliers .

(a) where the spacing measurement of S7.1.1.10.2 or S7.1.1.10.3 between a turn signal

lamp and the lighted edge of any lower beam headlamp is less than 100 mm the photometric

multiplier must be 2.5.

(b) where the spacing measurement of S7.1.1.10.2 or S7.1.1.10.3 between a turn signal lamp

and the lighted edge of any lamp such as an auxiliary lower beam headlamp or fog lamp used to

supplement the lower beam headlamp is at least 75 mm but less than 100 mm the photometric

multiplier of Table VI must be 1.5.

and the lighted edge of any lamp such as an auxiliary lower beam headlamp or fog lamp used

to supplement the lower beam headlamp is at least 60 mm but less than 75 mm the photometric

multiplier must be 2.0.

(d) where the spacing measurement of S7.1.1.10.2 or S7.1.1.10.3 between a turn signal

lamp and the lighted edge of any lamp such as an auxiliary lower beam headlamp or fog

lamp used to supplement the lower beam headlamp is less than 60 mm the photometric

multiplier must be 2.5.

S7.1.1.11 Multiple compartment lamps and multiple lamps.

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.1.1.11.1 A multiple compartment lamp or multiple lamps may be used to meet the

photometric requirements of a front turn signal lamp provided the requirements of S6.1.3.2

are met.

S7.1.1.11.2 If a multiple compartment lamp or multiple lamps are used on a passenger car or

on a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, bus, or trailer of less than 2032 mm in overall width,

and the distance between adjacent light sources does not exceed 560 mm for two compartment or

lamp arrangements and does not exceed 410 mm for three compartments or lamp arrangements,

then the combination of the compartments or lamps must be used to meet the photometric

requirements for the corresponding number of lighted sections specied in Tables VI-a or VI-b.

S7.1.1.11.3 If the distance between adjacent light sources exceeds the previously stated

dimensions, each compartment or lamp must comply with the photometric requirements for one

lighted section specified in Tables VI-a or VI-b.

S7.1.1.11.4 Lamps installed on vehicles 2032 mm or more in overall width . Multiple

compartment front turn signal lamps installed on multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and

buses 2032 mm or more in overall width require measurement of the photometrics for the entire

lamp and not for individual compartments.

S7.1.1.12 Ratio to parking lamps and clearance lamps .

S7.1.1.12.1 When a parking lamp, or a clearance lamp on a multipurpose passenger vehicle,

truck, trailer, or bus of 2032 mm or more in overall width, is combined with a front turn signal

lamp, the luminous intensity of the front turn signal lamp at each identied test point must not

be less than the luminous intensity of the parking lamp or clearance lamp at that same test point

times the multiplier shown for that test point in Tables VI-a or VI-b.

S7.1.1.12.2 If a multiple compartment or multiple lamp arrangement is used on a passenger

car or on a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, bus, or trailer of less than 2032 mm in

overall width, and the distance between the optical axes for both the parking lamp and turn

signal lamp is within 560 mm for two compartment or lamp arrangements or 410 mm for three

compartment or lamp arrangements, then the ratio must be computed with all compartments or

lamps lighted.

S7.1.1.12.3 If a multiple compartment or multiple lamp arrangement is used and the distance

between optical axes for one of the functions exceeds 560 mm for two compartment or lamp

arrangements or 410 mm for three compartments or lamp arrangements, then the ratio must be

computed for only those compartments or lamps where the parking lamp and turn signal lamp

are optically combined.

S7.1.1.12.4 Where the clearance lamp is combined with the turn signal lamp, and the

maximum luminous intensity of the clearance lamp is located below horizontal and within

an area generated by a 1.0 degree radius around a test point, the ratio for the test point may

be computed using the lowest value of the clearance lamp luminous intensity within the

generated area.

S7.1.1.13 Photometry.

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.1.1.13.1 When tested according to the procedure of S14.2.1, each front turn signal

lamp must be designed to conform to the base photometry requirements plus any applicable

multipliers as shown in Tables VI-a and VI-b for the number of lamp compartments or

individual lamps and the type of vehicle it is installed on.

S7.1.1.13.2 As an alternative to S7.1.1.13.1, a front turn signal lamp installed on a motorcycle

may be designed to conform to the photometry requirements of Table XIII-a when tested

according to the procedure of S14.2.1.

S7.1.1.14 Physical tests . Each front turn signal lamp must be designed to conform to the

performance requirements of the vibration test, moisture test, dust test, and corrosion test of

S14.5, and the color test and plastic optical material test of S14.4.

S7.1.2 Rear turn signal lamps .

S7.1.2.1 Number . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.1.2.2 Color of light . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.1.2.3 Mounting location . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c and S6.1.3.2.

S7.1.2.4 Mounting height . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.1.2.5 Activation . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.1.2.6 Effective projected luminous lens area . See Table IV-a.

S7.1.2.7 Visibility . See S6.4.

S7.1.2.8 Indicator Tell-tale. See S9.3.

S7.1.2.9 Markings. See S6.5.1.2.

S7.1.2.10 Spacing to other lamps . No requirement.

S7.1.2.11 Multiple compartments and multiple lamps .

S7.1.2.11.1 A multiple compartment lamp or multiple lamps may be used to meet the

photometric requirements of a rear turn signal lamp provided the requirements of

S6.1.3.2 are met.

S7.1.2.11.2 If a multiple compartment lamp or multiple lamps are used on a passenger car

or on a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, bus, or trailer of less than 2032 mm in overall

width, and the distance between adjacent light sources does not exceed 560 mm for two

compartment or lamp arrangements and does not exceed 410 mm for three compartment or

lamp arrangements, then the combination of the compartments or lamps must be used to meet

the photometric requirements for the corresponding number of lighted sections specied in

Table VII.

S7.1.2.11.3 If the distance between adjacent light sources exceeds the previously stated

Effective:

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

dimensions, each compartment or lamp must comply with the photometric requirements for one

lighted section specied in Table VII.

S7.1.2.11.4 Lamps installed on vehicles 2032 mm or more in overall width . Multiple

compartment rear turn signal lamps installed on multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and

buses 2032 mm or more in overall width require measurement of the photometrics for the entire

lamp and not for individual compartments.

S7.1.2.12 Ratio to taillamps and clearance lamps.

S7.1.2.12.1 When a taillamp, or a clearance lamp on a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck,

trailer, or bus of 2032 mm or more in overall width, is combined with a rear turn signal lamp,

the luminous intensity of the rear turn signal lamp at each identied test point must not be less

than the luminous intensity of the taillamp or clearance lamp at that same test point times the

multiplier shown for that test point in Table VII.

S7.1.2.12.2 If a multiple compartment or multiple lamp arrangement is used on a passenger

car or on a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, bus, or trailer of less than 2032 mm in overall

width, and the distance between the optical axes for both the taillamp and turn signal lamp is

within 560 mm for two compartment or lamp arrangement or 410 mm for three compartments

or lamp arrangements, then the ratio must be computed with all compartments or lamps lighted.

S7.1.2.12.3 If a multiple compartment or multiple lamp arrangement is used and the distance

between optical axes for one of the functions exceeds 560 mm for two compartment or lamp

arrangements or 410 mm for three compartment or lamp arrangements, then the ratio must be

computed for only those compartments or lamps where the taillamp and turn signal lamp are

optically combined.

S7.1.2.12.4 Where the taillamp or clearance lamp is combined with the turn signal lamp, and

the maximum luminous intensity of the taillamp or clearance lamp is located below horizontal

and within an area generated by a 0.5 ° radius around a test point for a taillamp on a passenger

car or on a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, bus, or trailer of less than 2032 mm in overall

width, or by a 1.0 ° radius around a test point for a taillamp or clearance lamp on a vehicle 2032

mm or more in overall width, the ratio for the test point may be computed using the lowest

value of the taillamp or clearance lamp luminous intensity within the generated area.

S7.1.2.13 Photometry.

S7.1.2.13.1 Each rear turn signal lamp must be designed to conform to the photometry

requirements of Table VII, when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.1, for the number of

lamp compartments or individual lamps, the type of vehicle it is installed on, and the lamp color

as specied by this TSD section.

S7.1.2.13.2 As an alternative to S7.1.2.13.1, a rear turn signal lamp installed on a motorcycle

may be designed to conform to the photometry requirements of Table XIII-a when tested

according to the procedure of S14.2.1.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.1.2.14 Physical tests . Each rear turn signal lamp must be designed to conform to the

performance requirements of the vibration test, moisture test, dust test, and corrosion test of

S14.5, and the color test and plastic optical material test of S14.4.

S7.1.3 Combined lamp bulb indexing .

S7.1.3.1 Each turn signal lamp optically combined with a taillamp or a parking lamp, or

clearance lamp where installed on a vehicle 2032 mm or more in overall width, where a two-

lament bulb is used must have a bulb with an indexing base and a socket designed so that

bulbs with non-indexing bases cannot be used.

S7.1.3.2 Removable sockets must have an indexing feature so that they cannot be re-inserted

into lamp housings in random positions, unless the lamp will perform its intended function with

random light source orientation.

S7.2 Taillamps .

S7.2.1 Number . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.2.2 Color of light . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.2.3 Mounting location . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c and S6.1.3.2.

S7.2.4 Mounting height . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.2.5 Activation . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.2.6 Effective projected luminous lens area . No requirement.

S7.2.7 Visibility . See S6.4.

S7.2.8 Indicator Tell-tale. No requirement.

S7.2.9 Markings. See S6.5.1.2.

S7.2.10 Spacing to other lamps . No requirement.

S7.2.11 Multiple compartments and multiple lamps .

S7.2.11.1 A multiple compartment lamp or multiple lamps may be used to meet the

photometric requirements of a taillamp provided the requirements of S6.1.3.2 are met.

S7.2.11.2 If a multiple compartment lamp or multiple lamps are used and the distance between

the optical axes does not exceed 560 mm for two compartment or lamp arrangements and

does not exceed 410 mm for three compartment or lamp arrangements, then the combination

of the compartments or lamps must be used to meet the photometric requirements for the

corresponding number of lighted sections specied in Table VIII.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.2.11.3 If the distance between optical axes exceeds the previously stated dimensions, each

compartment or lamp must comply with the photometric requirements for one lighted section

specied in Table VIII.

S7.2.11.4 Taillamps installed on vehicles 2032 mm or more in overall width . A maximum

of two taillamps and/or two compartments per side may be mounted closer together than 560

mm providing that each compartment and/or lamp meets the single lighted section photometric

requirements specied in Table VIII. Each lamp and/or compartment utilized in this manner

must meet the single lighted section requirements for all functions for which it is designed.

S7.2.12 Ratio . See S7.1.2.12 for rear turn signal lamps and S7.3.12 for stop lamps.

S7.2.13 Photometry . Each taillamp must be designed to conform to the photometry

requirements of Table VIII, when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.1, for the number

of lamp compartments or individual lamps and the type of vehicle it is installed on.

S7.2.14 Physical tests . Each taillamp must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the vibration test, moisture test, dust test, and corrosion test of S14.5, and the

color test and plastic optical material test of S14.4.

S7.3 Stop lamps.

S7.3.1 Number . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.3.2 Color of light . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.3.3 Mounting location . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c and S6.1.3.2.

S7.3.4 Mounting height . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.3.5 Activation . See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.3.6 Effective projected luminous lens area . See Table IV-a.

S7.3.7 Visibility . See S6.4.

S7.3.8 Indicator Tell-tale. No requirement.

S7.3.9 Markings. See S6.5.1.2.

S7.3.10 Spacing to other lamps . No requirement.

S7.3.11 Multiple compartments and multiple lamps .

S7.3.11.1 A multiple compartment lamp or multiple lamps may be used to meet the

photometric requirements of a stop lamp provided the requirements of S6.1.3.2 are met.

S7.3.11.2 If a multiple compartment lamp or multiple lamps are used on a passenger car or

on a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, bus, or trailer of less than 2032 mm in overall

Effective:

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

width, and the distance between adjacent light sources does not exceed 560 mm for two

compartment or lamp arrangements and does not exceed 410 mm for three compartment or

lamp arrangements, then the combination of the compartments or lamps must be used to meet

the photometric requirements for the corresponding number of lighted sections specied in

Table IX.

S7.3.11.3 If the distance between adjacent light sources exceeds the previously stated

dimensions, each compartment or lamp must comply with the photometric requirements for one

lighted section specied in Table IX.

S7.3.11.4 Lamps installed on vehicles 2032 mm or more in overall width. Multiple

compartment stop lamps installed on multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses 2032

mm or more in overall width require measurement of the photometrics for the entire lamp and

not for individual compartments.

S7.3.12 Ratio to taillamps .

S7.3.12.1 When a taillamp is combined with a stop lamp, the luminous intensity of the stop

lamp at each identied test point must not be less than the luminous intensity of the taillamp at

that same test point times the multiplier shown for that test point in Table IX.

S7.3.12.2 If a multiple compartment or multiple lamp arrangement is used on a passenger car

or on a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, bus, or trailer of less than 2032 mm in overall

width, and the distance between the optical axes for both the taillamp and stop lamp is within

560 mm for two compartment or lamp arrangements or 410 mm for three compartment or lamp

arrangements, then the ratio must be computed with all compartments or lamps lighted.

S7.3.12.3 If a multiple compartment or multiple lamp arrangement is used and the distance

between optical axes for one of the functions exceeds 560 mm for two compartment or lamp

arrangements or 410 mm for three compartments or lamp arrangements, then the ratio must

be computed for only those compartments or lamps where the taillamp and stop lamp are

optically combined.

S7.3.12.4 Where the taillamp is combined with the stop lamp, and the maximum luminous

intensity of the taillamp is located below horizontal and within an area generated by a 0.5 °

radius around a test point for a taillamp on a passenger car or on a multipurpose passenger

vehicle, truck, bus, or trailer of less than 2032 mm in overall width, or by a 1.0 ° radius

around a test point for a taillamp on a vehicle 2032 mm or more in overall width, the ratio

for the test point may be computed using the lowest value of the taillamp luminous intensity

within the generated area.

S7.3.13 Photometry .

S7.3.13.1 Each stop lamp must be designed to conform to the photometry requirements

of Table IX, when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.1, for the number of lamp

compartments or individual lamps and the type of vehicle it is installed on.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.3.13.2 A stop lamp installed on a motor driven cycle limited speed motorcycle may be

designed to conform to the photometry requirements of Table XIII-b when tested according to

the procedure of S14.2.1.

S7.3.14 Physical tests . Each stop lamp must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the vibration test, moisture test, dust test, and corrosion test of S14.5, and the

color test and plastic optical material test of S14.4.

S7.3.15 Combined lamp bulb indexing .

S7.3.15.1 Each stop lamp optically combined with a taillamp where a two-lament bulb is

used must have a bulb with an indexing base and a socket designed so that bulbs with non-

indexing bases cannot be used.

S7.3.15.2 Removable sockets must have an indexing feature so that they cannot be re-inserted

into lamp housings in random positions, unless the lamp will perform its intended function with

random light source orientation.

S7.4 Side marker lamps.

S7.4.1 Number. See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.4.2 Color of light. See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.4.3 Mounting location. See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.4.4 Mounting height. See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.4.5 Activation. See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.4.6 Effective projected luminous lens area. No requirement.

S7.4.7 Visibility. No requirement.

S7.4.8 Indicator Tell-tale. No requirement.

S7.4.9 Markings. See S6.5.1.2.

S7.4.10 Spacing to other lamps. No requirement.

S7.4.11 Multiple compartments and multiple lamps. No requirement.

S7.4.12 Ratio. No requirement.

S7.4.13 Photometry.

S7.4.13.1 Each side marker lamp must be designed to conform to the photometry requirements

of Table X, when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.1, for the lamp color as specied

by this TSD section.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.4.13.2 Inboard photometry. For each motor vehicle less than 30 feet (9.1 m) in overall

length, the minimum photometric intensity requirements for a side marker lamp may be met for

all inboard test points at a distance of 15 feet (4.6 m) from the vehicle and on a vertical plane

that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and located midway between the

front and rear side marker lamps.

S7.4.14 Physical tests. Each side marker lamp must be designed to conform to the

performance requirements of the vibration test, moisture test, dust test, and corrosion test of

S14.5, and the color test and plastic optical material test of S14.4.

S7.5 Clearance and identication lamps.

S7.5.1 Number. See Tables I-a and I-b.

S7.5.2 Color of light. See Tables I-a and I-b.

S7.5.3 Mounting location. See Tables I-a and I-b.

S7.5.4 Mounting height. See Tables I-a and I-b.

S7.5.5 Activation. See Tables I-a and I-b.

S7.5.6 Effective projected luminous lens area. No requirement.

S7.5.7 Visibility. No requirement.

S7.5.8 Indicator Tell-tale. No requirement.

S7.5.9 Markings. See S6.5.1.2.

S7.5.10 Spacing to other lamps. No requirement.

S7.5.11 Multiple compartments and multiple lamps. No requirement.

S7.5.12 Ratio.

S7.5.12.1 Clearance lamps. See S7.1.1.12 for front turn signal lamps and S7.1.2.12 for rear

turn signal lamps.

S7.5.12.2 Identication lamps. No requirement.

S7.5.13 Photometry. Each clearance or identication lamp must be designed to conform to the

photometry requirements of Table XI, for the applicable lamp color, when tested according to

the procedure of S14.2.1.

S7.5.14 Physical tests. Each clearance and identication must be designed to conform to the

performance requirements of the vibration test, moisture test, dust test, and corrosion test of

S14.5, and the color test and plastic optical material test of S14.4.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.6 Backup lamps.

S7.6.1 Number. See Table I-a and S6.1.1.

S7.6.2 Color of light.

S7.6.2.1 See Table I-a.

S7.6.2.2 A backup lamp may project incidental red, yellow, or white light through reectors or

lenses that are adjacent, close to, or a part of the lamp assembly.

S7.6.3 Mounting location. See Table I-a.

S7.6.4 Mounting height. No requirement.

S7.6.5 Activation. See Table I-a.

S7.6.6 Effective projected luminous lens area. No requirement.

S7.6.7 Visibility. See Table V-a.

S7.6.8 Indicator Tell-tale. No requirement.

S7.6.9 Markings. See. S6.5.1.2.

S7.6.10 Spacing to other lamps. No requirement.

S7.6.11 Multiple compartments and multiple lamps. No requirement.

S7.6.12 Ratio. No requirement.

S7.6.13 Photometry. Each backup lamp must be designed to conform to the photometry

requirements of Table XII, when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.1, as specied by

this TSD section.

S7.6.14 Physical tests. Each backup lamp must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the vibration test, moisture test, dust test, and corrosion test of S14.5, and the

color test and plastic optical material test of S14.4.

S7.7 License plate lamps.

S7.7.1 Number. See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c and S6.1.1.

S7.7.2 Color of light. See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.7.3 Mounting location. See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.7.4 Mounting height. No requirement.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.7.5 Activation. See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S7.7.6 Effective projected luminous lens area. No requirement.

S7.7.7 Visibility. No requirement.

S7.7.8 Indicator Tell-tale. No requirement.

S7.7.9 Markings. See. S6.5.1.2.

S7.7.10 Spacing to other lamps. No requirement.

S7.7.11 Multiple compartments and multiple lamps. No requirement.

S7.7.12 Ratio. No requirement.

S7.7.13 Photometry.

S7.7.13.1 Each license plate lamp must be designed to conform to the photometry

requirements of this TSD section when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.2.

S7.7.13.2 An illumination value of no less than 8 lx [0.75 fc] must be met at each test station

target location shown in Figure 19.

S7.7.13.3 The ratio of the average of the two highest illumination values divided by the

average of the two lowest illumination values must not exceed 20:1 for vehicles other than

motorcycles and motor driven cycles limited speed motorcycles.

S7.7.13.4 The ratio of the highest illumination value divided by the average of the two lowest

illumination values must not exceed 15:1 for motorcycles and motor driven cycles limited

speed motorcycles.

S7.7.14 Physical tests. Each license plate lamp must be designed to conform to the

performance requirements of the vibration test, moisture test, dust test, and corrosion test of

S14.5, and the color test and plastic optical material test of S14.4.

S7.7.15 Installation.

S7.7.15.1 Each license plate lamp installed on a vehicle other than a motorcycle or motor

driven cycle limited speed motorcycle must be of such size and design as to provide

illumination on all parts of a 150 mm by 300 mm test plate.

S7.7.15.2 Each license plate lamp installed on a motorcycle or motor driven cycle limited

speed motorcycle must be of such size and design as to provide illumination on all parts of a

100 mm by 175 mm test plate.

S7.7.15.3 The light rays must reach all portions of an imaginary plate of the same size at least

25 mm ahead of the actual plate measured perpendicular to the plane of the plate.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.7.15.4 Incident light from single lamp. When a single lamp as shown in Figure 20 is used

to illuminate the license plate, the lamp and license plate holder must bear such relation to each

other that at no point on the plate must the incident light make an angle of less than 8° to the

plane of the plate, this angle being measured from the edge of the light emitting surface of the

lamp farthest from the surface of the plate.

S7.7.15.5 Incident light from multiple lamps. When two or more lamps as shown in Figure 20

are used to illuminate the license plate, the minimum 8° incident light angle must apply only to

that portion of the plate which the particular lamp is designed to illuminate. The angle must be

measured in the same manner as S7.7.15.4.

S7.8 Parking lamps.

S7.8.1 Number. See Table I-a.

S7.8.2 Color of light. See Table I-a.

S7.8.3 Mounting location. See Table I-a.

S7.8.4 Mounting height. See Table I-a.

S7.8.5 Activation. See Table I-a.

S7.8.6 Effective projected luminous lens area. No requirement.

S7.8.7 Visibility. See S6.4.

S7.8.8 Indicator Tell-tale. No requirement.

S7.8.9 Markings. See. S6.5.1.2.

S7.8.10 Spacing to other lamps . No requirement.

S7.8.11 Multiple compartments and multiple lamps. No requirement.

S7.8.12 Ratio. See S7.1.1.12 for front turn signal lamps.

S7.8.13 Photometry. Each parking lamp must be designed to conform to the photometry

requirements of Table XIV, when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.1, as specied by

this TSD section.

S7.8.14 Physical tests. Each parking lamp must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the vibration test, moisture test, dust test, and corrosion test of S14.5, and the

color test and plastic optical material test of S14.4.

S7.9 High-mounted stop lamps.

S7.9.1 Number. See Table I-a and S6.1.1.2.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.9.2 Color of light. See Table I-a.

S7.9.3 Mounting location. See Table I-a.

S7.9.4 Mounting height. See Table I-a and S6.1.4.1.

S7.9.5 Activation. See Table I-a.

S7.9.6 Effective projected luminous lens area. See Table IV-b.

S7.9.7 Visibility. See Table V-a.

S7.9.8 Indicator Tell-tale. No requirement.

S7.9.9 Markings. See. S6.5.1.2.

S7.9.10 Spacing to other lamps. No requirement.

S7.9.11 Multiple compartments and multiple lamps. No requirement.

S7.9.12 Ratio. No requirement.

S7.9.13 Photometry. Each high-mounted stop lamp must be designed to conform to the

photometry requirements of Table XV, when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.1, as

specied by this TSD section.

S7.9.14 Physical tests.

S7.9.14.1 Each high-mounted stop lamp must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the vibration test of S14.5, and the color test and plastic optical material test of

S14.4.

S7.9.14.2 Each high-mounted stop lamp that is not mounted inside the vehicle must be

designed to conform to the performance requirements of the moisture test, dust test, and

corrosion test of S14.5.

S7.10

Daytime running lamps (DRLs)

S7.10.1 Number. See Table I-a.

S7.10.2 Color of light. See Table I-a.

S7.10.3 Mounting location. See Table I-a.

S7.10.4 Mounting height. See Table I-a. and S7.10.13(b).

S7.10.5 Activation. See Table I-a. and S7.10.10.1(c).

6 See Schedule IV of the MVSR, subsections 108(25) to 108(30) for DRL requirements.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.10.6 Effective projected luminous lens area. No requirement.

S7.10.7 Visibility. No requirement.

S7.10.8 Indicator. No requirement.

S7.10.9 Markings. See S6.5.

S7.10.10 Spacing to other lamps.

S7.10.10.1 Spacing to turn signal lamps. Each DRL not optically combined with a turn signal

lamp must be located on the vehicle so that the distance from its lighted edge to the optical

center of the nearest turn signal lamp is not less than 100 mm unless,

(a) The luminous intensity of the DRL is not more than 2,600 cd at any location in the beam

and the turn signal lamp meets 2.5 times the base front turn signal photometric requirements, or

(b) The DRL is optically combined with a lower beam headlamp and the turn signal lamp meets

2.5 times the base front turn signal photometric requirements, or

S7.10.11 Multiple compartments and multiple lamps. No requirement.

S7.10.12 Ratio. No requirement.

S7.10.13 Photometry. Each DRL must have a luminous intensity not less than 500 cd at test

point H-V, nor more than 3,000 cd at any location in the beam when tested according to the

procedure of S14.2.4 as specied by this section, unless it is:

(a) A lower beam headlamp intended to operate as a DRL at full voltage, or a voltage lower

than used to operate it as a lower beam headlamp, or

(b) An upper beam headlamp intended to operate as a DRL, whose luminous intensity at test

point H-V is not more than 7,000 cd, and whose mounting height is not higher than 864 mm.

S7.10.14 Physical tests. Each DRL that is not combined with another required lamp must

be designed to conform to the performance requirements of the color test and plastic optical

material test of S14.4.

S7.11 School bus signal lamps.

S7.11.1 Number. See Table I-a.

S7.11.2 Color of light. See Table I-a.

S7.11.3 Mounting location. See Table I-a.

S7.11.4 Mounting height. See Table I-a.

S7.11.5 Activation. See Table I-a.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S7.11.6 Effective projected luminous lens area. See Table IV-c.

S7.11.7 Visibility. See Table V-a.

S7.11.8 Indicator Tell-tale. No requirement.

S7.11.9 Markings. See. S6.5.1.2.

S7.11.10 Spacing to other lamps. No requirement.

S7.11.11 Multiple compartments and multiple lamps. No requirement.

S7.11.12 Ratio. No requirement.

S7.11.13 Photometry. Each school bus signal lamp must be designed to conform to the

photometry requirements of Table XVII, when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.1, for

the lamp color as specied by this TSD section.

S7.11.14 Physical tests. Each school bus signal lamp must be designed to conform to the

performance requirements of the vibration test, moisture test, dust test, and corrosion test of

S14.5, and the color test and plastic optical material test of S14.4.

S8 Reective device requirements.

S8.1 Reex reectors.

S8.1.1 Number. See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S8.1.2 Color. See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S8.1.3 Mounting location. See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S8.1.4 Mounting height. See Tables I-a, I-b, and I-c.

S8.1.5 Activation. No requirement.

S8.1.6 Effective projected luminous lens area. No requirement.

S8.1.7 Visibility. No requirement.

S8.1.8 Indicator Tell-tale. No requirement.

S8.1.9 Markings. See. S6.5.1.2.

S8.1.10 Spacing to other lamps or reective devices. No requirement.

S8.1.11 Photometry. Each reex reector must be designed to conform to the photometry

requirements of Table XVI-a when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.3 for the reex

reector color as specied by this TSD section.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S8.1.12 Physical tests. Each reex reector must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the vibration test, moisture test, dust test, and corrosion test of S14.5, and the

color test and plastic optical material test of S14.4.

S8.1.13 Alternative side reex reector material. Reective material conforming to GSA

Federal Specication L-S-300 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5), may be used for side

reex reectors if this material as used on the vehicle, meets the performance requirements of

Table XVI-a.

S8.2 Conspicuity systems.

The requirement for conspicuity systems may be met with retroreective sheeting, conspicuity

reex reectors, or a combination of retroreective sheeting and conspicuity reex reectors.

S8.2.1 Retroreective sheeting.

S8.2.1.1 Retroreective sheeting must consist of a smooth, at, transparent exterior lm with

retroreective elements embedded or suspended beneath the lm so as to form a non-exposed

retroreective optical system.

S8.2.1.2 Retroreective sheeting material. Retroreective sheeting must meet the

requirements, except photometry, of ASTM D 4956-90 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5)

for Type V Sheeting. Sheeting of Grade DOT-C2 of no less than 50 mm wide, Grade DOT-C3

of no less than 75 mm wide, or Grade DOT-C4 of no less than 100 mm wide may be used.

S8.2.1.3 Certication marking. The letters DOT-C2, DOT-C3, or DOT-C4, as appropriate,

constituting a certication that the retroreective sheeting conforms to the requirements of

§ 571.108 of the Code of Federal Regulations of the US Title 49 this standard, must appear at

least once on the exposed surface of each white or red segment of retroreective sheeting, and

at least once every 300 mm on retroreective sheeting that is white only. The characters must

be not less than 3 mm high, and must be permanently stamped, etched, molded, or printed in

indelible ink.

S8.2.1.4 Application pattern.

S8.2.1.4.1 Alternating red and white materials.

S8.2.1.4.1.1 As shown in Figures 12-1 and 12-2, where alternating material is installed, except

for a segment that is trimmed to clear obstructions, or lengthened to provide red sheeting near

red lamps, alternating material must be installed with each white and red segment having a

length of 300 ±150 mm.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S8.2.1.4.1.2 Neither white nor red sheeting must represent more than two thirds the aggregate

of any continuous strip marking the width of a trailer, or any continuous or broken strip

marking its length.

S8.2.1.5 Application location. Conspicuity systems need not be installed, as illustrated in

Figure 12-2, on discontinuous surfaces such as outside ribs, stake post pickets on platform

trailers, and external protruding beams, or to items of equipment such as door hinges and lamp

bodies on trailers and body joints, stiffening beads, drip rails, and rolled surfaces on truck

tractors.

S8.2.1.6 Application spacing. As illustrated in Figure 12-2, the edge of any white sheeting

must not be located closer than 75 mm to the edge of the luminous lens area of any red or

amber lamp that is required by this TSD standard. The edge of any red sheeting must not be

located closer than 75 mm to the edge of the luminous lens area of any amber lamp that is

required by this TSD standard.

S8.2.1.7 Photometry. Each retroreective sheeting must be designed to conform to the

photometry requirements of Table XVI-c when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.3 for

the color and grade as specied by this TSD section.

S8.2.2 Conspicuity reex reectors.

S8.2.2.1 Certication marking. The exposed surface of each conspicuity reex reector must

be marked with the letters DOT-C which constitutes a certication that the reector conforms to

the conspicuity reex reector requirements of § 571.108 of the Code of Federal Regulations

of the US Title 49this standard. The certication must be not less than 3 mm high, and must be

permanently stamped, etched, molded, or printed in indelible ink.

S8.2.2.2 Application pattern.

S8.2.2.2.1 Alternating red and white materials. Conspicuity reex reectors must be installed

in a repetitive pattern of two or three white reectors alternating with two or three red reectors,

with the center of each reector not more than 100 mm from the center of each adjacent reector.

S8.2.2.2.2 White material. White conspicuity reex reectors must be installed with the

center of each reector not more than 100 mm from the center of each adjacent reector.

S8.2.2.3 Photometry.

S8.2.2.3.1 Each red conspicuity reex reector must be designed to conform to the

photometry requirements of Table XVI-a for a red reex reector and Table XVI-b for a red

conspicuity reex reector when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.3 as specied by

this TSD section.

S8.2.2.3.2 Each white conspicuity reex reector installed in only a horizontal orientation

must be designed to conform to the photometry requirements of Table XVI-a for a white

reex reector and Table XVI-b for a white horizontal conspicuity reex reector when tested

according to the procedure of S14.2.3 as specied by this TSD section.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S8.2.2.3.3 Each white conspicuity reex reector installed in a vertical orientation must be

designed to conform to the photometry requirements of Table XVI-a for a white reex reector,

and Table XVI-b for a white horizontal conspicuity reex reector and a white vertical

conspicuity reex reector when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.3 as specied by

this TSD section.

S8.2.3 Conspicuity system installation on trailers.

S8.2.3.1 Trailer rear.

S8.2.3.1.1 Element 1—alternating red and white materials. As shown in Figure 11, a strip of

sheeting or conspicuity reex reectors, as horizontal as practicable, must be applied across the

full width of the trailer, as close to the extreme edges as practicable, and as close as practicable

to not less than 375 mm and not more than 1525 mm above the road surface at the strip

centerline with the trailer at curb weight.

S8.2.3.1.2 Element 2—white. (not required for container chassis or for platform trailers

without bulkheads).

S8.2.3.1.2.1 As shown in Figure 11, two pairs of strips of sheeting or conspicuity reex

reectors, each pair consisting of strips 300 mm long of Grade DOT-C2, DOT-C3, or DOT-C4,

must be applied horizontally and vertically to the right and left upper contours of the body, as

viewed from the rear, as close to the top of the trailer and as far apart as practicable.

S8.2.3.1.2.2 If the perimeter of the body, as viewed from the rear, is other than rectangular,

the strips may be applied along the perimeter, as close as practicable to the uppermost and

outermost areas of the rear of the body on the left and right sides.

S8.2.3.1.3 Element 3—alternating red and white materials. (not required for trailers without

underride protection devices rear impact guard).

S8.2.3.1.3.1 As shown in Figure 11, a strip of Grade DOT-C2 sheeting no less than 38 mm

wide or reectors must be applied across the full width of the horizontal member of the rear

impact guard underride protection device.

S8.2.3.2 Trailer side—alternating red and white materials.

S8.2.3.2.1 As shown in Figure 11, a strip of sheeting or conspicuity reex reectors must be

applied to each side, as horizontal as practicable, originating and terminating as close to the

front and rear as practicable, as close as practicable to not less than 375 mm and not more than

1525 mm above the road surface at the strip centerline at curb weight, except that at the location

chosen the strip must not be obscured in whole or in part by other motor vehicle equipment or

trailer cargo.

S8.2.3.2.2 The strip need not be continuous as long as not less than half the length of the trailer

is covered and the spaces are distributed as evenly as practicable.

Effective:

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S8.2.3.2.3 If necessary to clear rivet heads or other similar obstructions, Grade DOT-C2

sheeting may be separated into two 25 mm wide strips of the same length and color, separated

by a space of not more than 25 mm and used in place of the retroreective sheeting that would

otherwise be applied.

S8.2.4 Conspicuity system installation on truck tractors.

S8.2.4.1 Element 1—alternating red and white materials. As shown in Figure 13, two strips

of sheeting or conspicuity reex reectors, each not less than 600 mm long, located as close as

practicable to the edges of the rear fenders, mudaps, or the mudap support brackets, must be

applied to mark the width of the truck tractor.

S8.2.4.1.1 The strips must be mounted as horizontal as practicable, in a vertical plane facing

the rear, on the rear fenders, on the mudap support brackets, on plates attached to the mudap

support brackets, or on the mudaps.

S8.2.4.1.2 Strips on mudaps must be mounted not lower than 300 mm below the upper

horizontal edge of the mudap. If the vehicle is certied with temporary mudap support

brackets, the strips must be mounted on the mudaps or on plates transferable to permanent

mudap support brackets.

S8.2.4.1.3 For a truck tractor without mudaps, the strips may be mounted outboard of the

frame on brackets behind the rear axle or on brackets ahead of the rear axle and above the top

of the rear tires at unladen vehicle height, or they may be mounted directly or indirectly to the

back of the cab as close to the outer edges as practicable, above the top of the tires, and not

more than 1525 mm above the road surface at unladen vehicle height.

S8.2.4.1.4 If the strips are mounted on the back of the cab, no more than 25% of their cumulative

area may be obscured by vehicle equipment as determined in a rear orthogonal view.

S8.2.4.2 Element 2—white. As shown in Figure 13, two pairs of strips of sheeting or

conspicuity reex reectors, each pair consisting of strips 300 mm long, must be applied

horizontally and vertically as practicable to the right and left upper contours of the cab, as close

to the top of the cab and as far apart as practicable.

S8.2.4.2.1 No more than 25% of their cumulative area may be obscured by vehicle equipment

as determined in a rear orthogonal view.

S8.2.4.2.2 If one pair must be relocated to avoid obscuration by vehicle equipment, the other

pair may be relocated in order to be mounted symmetrically.

S8.2.4.2.3 If the rear window is so large as to occupy all the practicable space, the material

may be attached to the edge of the window itself.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S9 Associated equipment requirements.

S9.1 Turn signal operating unit.

S9.1.1 The turn signal operating unit installed on passenger cars, multipurpose passenger

vehicles, trucks, and buses less than 2032 mm in overall width must be self-canceling by

steering wheel rotation and capable of cancellation by a manually operated control.

S9.1.2 Physical tests. Each turn signal operating unit must be designed to conform to all

applicable performance requirements of S14.9.

S9.2 Turn signal asher.

S9.2.1 The means of producing the turn signal pilot indicator signal tell-tale may be

incorporated in the asher. A means of producing an audible signal may be incorporated in the

asher.

S9.2.2 Physical tests. Each turn signal asher must be designed to conform to all applicable

performance requirements of S14.9.

S9.3 Turn signal pilot indicator tell-tale.

S9.3.1 Each vehicle equipped with a turn signal operating unit where any turn signal lamp is

not visible to the driver must also have an illuminated pilot indicator tell-tale to provide a clear

and unmistakable indication that the turn signal system is activated.

S9.3.2 The indicator tell-tale must consist of one or more lights ashing at the same frequency

as the turn signal lamps.

S9.3.3 The indicator tell-tale must function satisfactorily under all test conditions imposed on

the turn signal asher in S14.9.

S9.3.4 Indicator Tell-tale size and color.

S9.3.4.1 If the indicator tell-tale is located inside the vehicle it must emit a green colored light

and have a minimum area equivalent to a

⁄

in diameter circle.

S9.3.4.2 If the indicator tell-tale is located outside of the vehicle it must emit a yellow light

and have a minimum projected illuminated area of 0.1 sq in.

S9.3.5 The minimum required illuminated area of the indicator tell-tale must be visible to

any tangent on the 95th eyellipse as dened in SAE Recommended Practice J941b (1969)

(incorporated by reference, see § 571.5), with the steering wheel turned to a straight ahead

driving position and in the design location for an adjustable wheel or column.

7 Also see Schedule IV of the MVSR, sections 101

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S9.3.6 Turn signal lamp failure. Failure of one or more turn signal lamps such that the

minimum photometric performance specied in Tables VI or VII is not being met must be

indicated by the turn signal pilot indicator tell-tale by a “steady on”, “steady off”, or by a

signicant change in the ashing rate, except when a variable-load turn signal asher is used on

a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, or bus 2032 mm or more in overall width, on a truck

that is capable of accommodating a slide in camper, or on any vehicle equipped to tow trailers.

S9.4 Headlamp beam switching device.

Each vehicle must have a means of switching between lower and upper beams designed and

located so that it may be operated conveniently by a simple movement of the driver’s hand or

foot. The switch must have no dead point and, except as provided by S6.1.5.2, the lower and

upper beams must not be energized simultaneously except momentarily for temporary signaling

purposes or during switching between beams.

S9.4.1 Semi-automatic headlamp beam switching device. As an alternative to S9.4, a vehicle

may be equipped with a semi-automatic means of switching between lower and upper beams.

S9.4.1.1 Operating instructions

. Each semi-automatic headlamp switching device must

include operating instructions to permit a driver to operate the device correctly including; how

to turn the automatic control on and off, how to adjust the provided sensitivity control, and any

other specic instructions applicable to the particular device.

S9.4.1.2 Manual override. The device must include a means convenient to the driver for

switching to the opposite beam from the one provided.

S9.4.1.3 Fail safe operation. A failure of the automatic control portion of the device must not

result in the loss of manual operation of both upper and lower beams.

S9.4.1.4 Automatic dimming indicator tell-tale. There must be a convenient means of

informing the driver when the device is controlling the headlamps automatically. The device

shall not affect the function of the upper beam indicator tell-tale light.

S9.4.1.5 Lens accessibility. The device lens must be accessible for cleaning when the device

is installed on a vehicle.

S9.4.1.6 Mounting height. The center of the device lens must be mounted no less than

610 mm (24 in.) above the road surface.

S9.4.1.7 Physical tests. Each semi-automatic headlamp beam switching device must be

designed to conform to all applicable performance requirements of S14.9.

S9.5 Upper beam headlamp indicator tell-tale.

Each vehicle must have a means for indicating to the driver when the upper beams of the

headlighting system are activated.

8 See Schedule IV of the MVSR, subsections 108(22) to (24).

9 Also see Schedule IV of the MVSR, sections 101

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S9.5.1 Indicator Tell-tale size and location. The upper beam headlamp indicator tell-tale must

have a minimum area equivalent to that of a 5mm (3/16in.) in diameter circle, and be plainly

visible to drivers of all heights under normal driving conditions when headlamps are required.

S9.6 Vehicular hazard warning signal operating unit.

S9.6.1 The unit may be an independent device or it may be combined with the turn signal

operating unit. If combined with the turn signal operating unit, the actuating motion of the

hazard function must differ from the actuating motion of the turn signal function.

S9.6.2 Operating unit switch. The unit must operate independently of the ignition or

equivalent switch. If the actuation of the hazard function requires the operation of more than

one switch, a means must be provided for actuating all switches simultaneously by a single

driver action.

S9.6.3 Physical tests. Each vehicular hazard warning signal operating unit must be designed

to conform to all applicable performance requirements of S14.9.

S9.7 Vehicular hazard warning signal asher.

S9.7.1 The means of producing the hazard warning signal pilot indicator tell-tale signal may

be incorporated in the asher. A means of producing an audible signal may be incorporated in

the asher.

S9.7.2 Physical tests. Each vehicular hazard warning signal asher must be designed to

conform to all applicable performance requirements of S14.9.

S9.8 Vehicular hazard warning signal pilot indicator tell-tale.

S9.8.1 In vehicles equipped with right hand and left hand turn signal pilot indicators tell-

tales, both pilot indicators tell-tales and /or a separate pilot indicator tell-tale must ash

simultaneously while the vehicle hazard warning signal operating unit is turned on.

S9.8.2 In vehicles equipped with a single turn signal pilot indicator tell-tale, a separate

vehicular hazard warning signal pilot indicator tell-tale must ash and the turn signal pilot

indicator tell-tale may ash while the vehicle hazard warning signal operating unit is turned on.

S9.8.3 The indicator tell-tale must function satisfactorily under all test conditions imposed on

the vehicular hazard warning signal asher in S14.9.

S9.8.4 Indicator Tell-tale size and color. If the vehicular hazard warning signal pilot indicator

tell-tale is not combined with the turn signal pilot indicator tell-tale, it must emit a red color and

have a minimum area equivalent to a 13mm (0.5in.) in diameter circle.

10 Also see Schedule IV of the MVSR, sections 101

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S10 Headlighting system requirements.

S10.1 Vehicle headlighting systems.

S10.1.1 Each passenger car, multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck and bus must be equipped

with a headlighting system conforming to the requirements of Table II and this TSD standard.

S10.1.2 Each motorcycle must be equipped with a headlighting system conforming to S10.17

of this TSD standard.

S10.2

[Reserved]

S10.3 Number.

See Tables I-a and I-c.

S10.4 Color of light.

See Tables I-a and I-c.

S10.5 Mounting location.

See Tables I-a and I-c and S6.1.3.5.

S10.6 Mounting height.

See Tables I-a and I-c.

S10.7 Activation.

See Tables I-a and I-c, Table II, and S6.1.5.

S10.8 Effective projected luminous lens area.

No requirement.

S10.9 Visibility.

No requirement.

S10.10 Indicator Tell-tale.

See S9.5.

S10.11 Markings. See S6.5.

S10.12 Spacing to other lamps.

See S6.1.3.5.

S10.13 Sealed beam headlighting systems.

All sealed beam headlighting systems must be of a type designated in Table II-a. Each sealed

beam headlamp must be designed to conform to the specications furnished with respect

to it pursuant to appendix C of part 564 of this chapter and Table II-a of this TSD standard.

The dimensions applicable to the design of a specic type are those identied with an “I” for

interchangeability specied on the applicable drawing(s) led in Docket No. NHTSA 98-3397,

which may be consulted at the following United States government Web site: www.regulations.

gov/fdmspublic/component/main?main=DocketDetail&d=NHTSA-1998-3397.

S10.13.1 Installation. A sealed beam headlighting system must consist of the correct number

of designated headlamp units as specied for the applicable system in Table II-a. The units must

have their beams activated as specied in Table II-a. A system must provide in total not more

than two upper beams and two lower beams.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S10.13.2 Simultaneous aim. Type F sealed beam headlamps may be mounted on common or

parallel seating and aiming planes to permit simultaneous aiming of both headlamps provided

that there is no provision for adjustment between the common or parallel aiming and seating

planes of the two lamps. When tested with any conforming Type UF and LF headlamps in

accordance with S14.2.5, the assembly (consisting of the Type UF and LF headlamps, mounting

rings, the aiming/seating rings, and aim adjustment mechanism) must be designed to conform

to the applicable photometric requirements.

S10.13.3 Photometry. Each sealed beam headlamp must be designed to conform to the

photometry requirements of Table XVIII for upper beam and Table XIX for lower beam as

specied in Table II-a for the specic headlamp unit and aiming method, when tested according

to the procedure of S14.2.5.

S10.13.4 Physical tests.

S10.13.4.1 Each sealed beam headlamp must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the corrosion test, vibration test, inward force test (for lamps which are

externally aimed only), torque deection test (for lamps which are externally aimed only),

headlamp connector test, headlamp wattage test, and aiming adjustment tests of S14.6.

S10.13.4.2 Each sealed beam headlamp except a Type G or Type H must be designed to

conform to the performance requirements of the retaining ring test of S14.6.

S10.13.4.3 Each sealed beam headlamp must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the color test of S14.4. Each sealed beam headlamp that does not incorporate a

glass lens must be designed to conform to the plastic optical materials test of S14.4.

S10.14 Integral beam headlighting systems.

All integral beam headlighting systems must be of a type designated in Table II-c.

S10.14.1 Installation. An integral beam headlighting system must consist of the correct

number of designated headlamp units as specied for the applicable system in Table II-c. The

units must have their beams activated as specied in Table II-c. A system must provide in total

not more than two upper beams and two lower beams.

S10.14.2 Aimability.

S10.14.2.1 A system that incorporates any headlamp or beam contributor that does not have

a VHAD as an integral and indivisible part of the headlamp or beam contributor must be

designed so that the applicable photometric requirements are met when any correctly aimed

and photometrically conforming headlamp or beam contributor is removed from its mounting

and aiming mechanism, and is replaced without reaim by any conforming headlamp or beam

contributor of the same type.

S10.14.2.2 A system that incorporates more than one beam contributor providing a lower

beam, and/or more than one beam contributor providing an upper beam, shall be designed to

conform to the on-vehicle aiming requirements specied in S10.18.8.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S10.14.3 Simultaneous aim. An integral beam headlighting system consisting of four

individual headlamps or beam contributors may have the headlamp units mounted in an

assembly to permit simultaneous aiming of the beam(s) contributors, providing that with any

complying contributor the assembly complete with all lamps meets the applicable photometric

requirements when tested in accordance with S14.2.5.

S10.14.4 Markings. An integral beam headlamp with a single light source providing the lower

beam must have its lens permanently marked with “L”. An integral beam headlamp with a

single light source providing the upper beam must have its lens permanently marked with “U”.

S10.14.5 Additional light sources. An integral beam headlamp may incorporate light sources

that are used for purposes other than headlighting and are capable of being replaced.

S10.14.6 Photometry. Each integral beam headlamp must be designed to conform to the

photometry requirements of Table XVIII for upper beam and Table XIX for lower beam as

specied in Table II-c for the specic headlamp unit and aiming method, when tested according

to the procedure of S14.2.5.

S10.14.7 Physical tests.

S10.14.7.1 Each integral beam headlamp must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the corrosion test, temperature cycle test, vibration test, inward force test (for

lamps which are externally aimed only), headlamp connector test, and aiming adjustment tests

of S14.6.

S10.14.7.2 Each integral beam headlamp that is not designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the sealing test of S14.6 must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the connector-corrosion test, dust test, and humidity test of S14.6.

S10.14.7.3 Each integral beam headlamp except those with a glass lens must be designed to

conform to the performance requirements of the abrasion test of S14.6.

S10.14.7.4 Each integral beam headlamp except those with a nonreplaceable glass lens must be

designed to conform to the performance requirements of the chemical resistance test of S14.6.

S10.14.7.5 Each integral beam headlamp except those with a glass lens and a non-plastic

reector must be designed to conform to the performance requirements of the internal heat test

of S14.6.

S10.14.7.6 Each integral beam headlamp incorporating a replaceable lens must be designed to

conform to the performance requirements of the chemical resistance of reectors of replaceable

lens headlamps test and the corrosion resistance of reectors of replaceable lens headlamps test

of S14.6.

S10.14.7.7 Each integral beam headlamp capable of being mechanically aimed by externally

applied headlamp aiming devices specied in SAE Recommended Practice J602-1980

(incorporated by reference, see § 571.5), must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the torque deection test of S14.6.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

S10.14.7.8

Each integral beam headlamp must be designed to conform to the

performance

requirements of the color test of S14.4. Each integral beam headlamp that does not incorporate

a glass lens must be designed to conform to the performance requirements of the plastic optical

materials test of S14.4.

S10.15

Replaceable bulb headlighting systems.

All replaceable bulb headlighting systems must be of a type designated in Table II-d.

S10.15.1

Installation.

A replaceable bulb headlighting system must consist of either two or

four headlamps as specied for the applicable system in Table II-d. The headlamps must have

their beams activated as specied in Table II-d. A system must provide in total not more than

two upper beams and two lower beams and must incorporate not more than two replaceable

light sources in each headlamp.

S10.15.2

Aiming restrictions.

Each replaceable bulb headlamp designed to conform to the

external aiming requirements of S10.18.7 must have no mechanism

that allows adjustment of

an individual light source, or if there are two light sources,

independent adjustments of each

reector.

S10.15.3

[CONTENT NOT REPRODUCED]

S10.15.4

Markings.

S10.15.4.1

A replaceable bulb headlamp in a four headlamp system providing

lower beam

must have its lens permanently marked with “L”. A replaceable bulb headlamp in a four

headlamp system providing upper beam must have its lens permanently marked with “U”.

S10.15.4.1.1

No such markings are required if the light sources in the headlamp are any

combination of dual lament light sources other than HB2.

S10.15.5

Additional light sources.

A replaceable bulb headlamp may incorporate replaceable

light sources that are used for purposes other than headlighting.

S10.15.6

Photometry.

Each replaceable bulb headlamp must be designed to conform to

the

photometry requirements of Table XVIII for upper beam and Table XIX for lower beam as

specied in Table II-d for the specic headlamp unit and aiming method, when tested according

to the procedure of S14.2.5 using any replaceable light source

designated for use in the system

under test.

S10.15.7

Physical tests.

S10.15.7.1

Each replaceable bulb headlamp must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the corrosion test, corrosion-connector test, dust test, temperature cycle test,

humidity test, vibration test, inward force test (for lamps which are externally aimed only),

headlamp connector test, and aiming adjustment tests of S14.6.

S10.15.7.2

Each replaceable bulb headlamp except those with a glass lens must be designed to

conform to the performance requirements of the abrasion test of

S14.6.

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S10.15.7.3 Each replaceable bulb headlamp except those with a nonreplaceable glass lens

must be designed to conform to the performance requirements of the chemical resistance test of

S14.6.

S10.15.7.4 Each replaceable bulb headlamp except those with a glass lens and a non-plastic

reector must be designed to conform to the performance requirements of the internal heat test

of S14.6.

S10.15.7.5 Each replaceable bulb headlamp incorporating a replaceable lens must be

designed to conform to the performance requirements of the chemical resistance of reectors

of replaceable lens headlamps test and the corrosion resistance of reectors of replaceable lens

headlamps test of S14.6.

S10.15.7.6 Each replaceable bulb headlamp capable of being mechanically aimed by

externally applied headlamp aiming devices specied in SAE Recommended Practice J602-

1980 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5), must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the torque deection test of S14.6.

S10.15.7.7 Each replaceable bulb headlamp must be designed to conform to the performance

requirements of the color test of S14.4. Each replaceable bulb headlamp that does not

incorporate a glass lens must be designed to conform to the performance requirements of the

plastic optical materials test of S14.4.

S10.16 Combination headlighting systems.

All combination headlighting systems must be of a type designated in Table II-b.

S10.16.1 Installation. A combination headlighting system must consist of the correct number

of designated headlamp units as specied for the applicable system in Table II-b. The units

must have their beams activated as specied in Table II-b. A system must provide in total not

more than two upper beams and two lower beams. When installed on a motor vehicle, the

headlamps (or parts thereof) that provide the lower beam must be of the same type, and provide

a symmetrical effective projected luminous lens area when illuminated.

S10.16.2 Photometry. Each combination headlamp must be designed to conform to the

photometry requirements of Table XVIII for upper beam and Table XIX for lower beam as

specied in Table II-b for the specic headlamp unit and aiming method, when tested according

to the procedure of S14.2.5.

S10.16.3 Physical tests.

S10.16.3.1 Any component headlamp of a combination headlighting system that is a Type

F sealed beam headlamp must be designed to conform to the performance requirements of

S10.13.4.

S10.16.3.2 Any component headlamp of a combination headlighting system that is an integral

beam headlamp must be designed to conform to the performance requirements of S10.14.7.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S10.16.3.3 Any component headlamp of a combination headlighting system that is a replaceable

bulb headlamp must be designed to conform to the performance requirements of S10.15.7.

S10.17 Motorcycle headlighting systems.

A motorcycle headlighting system may consist of:

(a) One half of any headlighting system of Table II which provides both a full upper beam and

full lower beam, and is designed to conform to the requirements for that headlamp type. Where

more than one lamp must be used, the lamps shall be mounted vertically, with the lower beam

as high as practicable, or

(b) A headlighting system designed to conform to the requirements of paragraphs S10.17.1

through S10.17.5.

S10.17.1 Installation. The headlighting system installed on a motorcycle must consist of one of

the system types specied in S10.17(a) or (b) this paragraph, and must be located on the front.

S10.17.1.1 Single headlamp.

S10.17.1.1.1 If the system consists of a single headlamp, it must be mounted on the vertical

centerline of the motorcycle.

S10.17.1.1.2 If the headlamp contains more than one light source, each light source must

be mounted on the vertical centerline with the upper beam no higher than the lower beam, or

horizontally disposed about the vertical centerline and mounted at the same height.

S10.17.1.1.3 If the light sources are horizontally disposed about the vertical centerline, the

distance between the closest edges of the effective projected luminous lens area in front of the

light sources must not be greater than 200 mm.

S10.17.1.2 Two headlamps with both beams.

S10.17.1.2.1 If the system consists of two headlamps, each of which provides both an upper

and lower beam, the headlamps must be mounted either at the same height and symmetrically

disposed about the vertical centerline or mounted on the vertical centerline.

S10.17.1.2.2

If the headlamps are horizontally disposed about the vertical centerline, the

distance between the closest edges of their effective projected luminous lens areas must not be

greater than 200 mm.

S10.17.1.3 Two headlamps, upper beam and lower beam.

S10.17.1.3.1 If the system consists of two headlamps, one of which provides an upper beam

and one of which provides the lower beam, the headlamps must be located on the vertical

centerline with the upper beam no higher than the lower beam, or horizontally disposed about

the vertical centerline and mounted at the same height.

11 The requirement of this section does not apply to motor tricycles, as specied by subparagraph

108(11)(a)(ii) of schedule IV of the MVSR.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S10.17.1.3.2 If the headlamps are horizontally disposed about the vertical centerline, the

distance between the closest edges of their effective projected luminous lens areas must not be

greater than 200 mm.

S10.17.2 Motorcycle replaceable bulb headlamp marking. Each replaceable bulb headlamp

that is designed to conform to S10.17(b) and that is equipped with a light source other than a

replaceable light source meeting the requirements of S11, must have the word “motorcycle”

permanently marked on the lens in characters not less than 3 mm in height.

S10.17.3 Photometry. Each motorcycle headlamp that is not designed to conform to

S10.17(a), must be designed to conform to the photometry requirements of Table XX when

tested according to the procedure of S14.2.5.

S10.17.4 Physical tests. Each motorcycle headlamp that is not designed to conform to

S10.17(a) must be designed to conform to the performance requirements of the vibration test,

moisture test, dust test, and corrosion test of S14.5, the out of focus test of S14.3, the color test

of S14.4, and each motorcycle headlamp that does not incorporate a glass lens must be designed

to conform to the performance requirements of the plastic optical materials test of S14.4.

S10.17.5 Motorcycle headlamp modulation system. A headlamp on a motorcycle may be

activated to modulate either the upper beam or the lower beam from its maximum intensity to a

lesser intensity, provided that:

S10.17.5.1 Modulation.

(a) The rate of modulation must be 240 ±40 cycles per minute.

(b) The headlamp must be operated at maximum power for 50 to 70 percent of each cycle.

intensity measured at the same point.

(d) The modulator switch must be wired in the power lead of the beam lament being

modulated and not in the ground side of the circuit.

(e) Means must be provided so that both the lower beam and upper beam remain operable in the

event of a modulator failure.

(f) The system must include a sensor mounted with the axis of its sensing element

perpendicular to a horizontal plane. Headlamp modulation must cease whenever the level of

light emitted by a tungsten lament light operating at 3000° Kelvin is either less than 270 lux

of direct light for upward pointing sensors or less than 60 lux of reected light for downward

pointing sensors. The light is measured by a silicon cell type light meter that is located at the

sensor and pointing in the same direction as the sensor. A Kodak Gray Card (Kodak R-27) is

placed at ground level to simulate the road surface in testing downward pointing sensors.

(g) When tested in accordance with the test prole shown in Figure 9, the voltage drop across

the modulator when the lamp is on at all test conditions for 12 volt systems and 6 volt systems

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

must not be greater than 0.45 volt. The modulator must meet all the provisions of the TSD

standard after completion of the test prole shown in Figure 9.

(h) Means must be provided so that both the lower and upper beam function at design voltage

when the headlamp control switch is in either the lower or upper beam position when the

modulator is off.

S10.17.5.2 Replacement modulators.

[CONTENT NOT REPRODUCED]

S10.18 Headlamp aimability performance requirements (except for

motorcycles)

S10.18.1 .

Headlamp mounting and aiming. Except as provided in this paragraph, each

headlamp must be installed on a motor vehicle with a mounting and aiming mechanism that

permits aim inspection and adjustment of both vertical and horizontal aim, and is accessible for

those purposes without removal of any vehicle parts, except for protective covers removable

without the use of tools.

S10.18.1.1 The axis of the light beams must be adjustable to the left, right, up, or down

from the designed setting, the amount of adjustability to be determined by practical operating

conditions and the type of equipment.

S10.18.1.2 The adjustments must be conveniently made by one person with tools ordinarily

available. When the headlamps are secured, the aim will not be disturbed under ordinary

conditions of service.

S10.18.2 Headlamp aiming systems. When a headlamp system is installed on a motor vehicle,

it must be aimable with at least one of the following: An externally applied aiming device, as

specied in S10.18.7; an on-vehicle headlamp aiming device installed by the vehicle or lamp

manufacturer, as specied in S10.18.8; or by visual/optical means, as specied in S10.18.9.

S10.18.3 Aim adjustment interaction. When installed on the vehicle, adjustment of one aim

axis through its full on-vehicle range must not cause the aim of the other axis to deviate more

than ±0.76°. If the performance specied is not achievable, the requirements of S10.18.3.1 apply,

except that if the aiming mechanism is not a VHAD, the requirements specic to VHADs are not

applicable, and the instruction must be specic to the aiming mechanism installed.

S10.18.3.1 Should the mechanism not meet the requirements of S10.18.3, a cautionary label

must be placed adjacent to the mechanism stating the caution and including either the reason for

the caution or the corrective action necessary. Each such label must also refer the reader to the

vehicle operator’s manual for complete instructions. Each such vehicle must be equipped with an

operator’s manual containing the complete instructions appropriate for the mechanism installed.

12 S10.18.1 applies also to motorcycles and motor tricycles, as specied in paragraphs 108(10)(b) and

108(11)(b) of schedule IV of the MVSR

13 See Schedule IV of the MVSR, subsection 108(22) to (24) .

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S10.18.4 Horizontal adjustment-visually aimed headlamp. A visually/optically aimable

headlamp that has a lower beam must not have a horizontal adjustment mechanism unless such

mechanism meets the requirements of this TSD standard for on vehicle aiming as specied in

S10.18.8.

S10.18.5 Optical axis marking.

S10.18.5.1 Optical axis marking-vehicle. Each motor vehicle must be equipped with

headlamps or beam contributors which have a mark or markings that are visible from the front

of the headlamp when installed on the vehicle to identify the optical axis of the headlamp

to assure proper horizontal and vertical alignment of the aiming screen or optical aiming

equipment. The manufacturer is free to choose the design of the mark or markings. The mark

or markings may be on the interior or exterior of the lens or indicated by a mark or central

structure on the interior or exterior of the headlamp.

S10.18.5.2 Optical axis marking-lamp. Each headlamp or beam contributor that is not

visually/optically aimable in accordance with S10.18.9 of this TSD standard must be equipped

with ducial marks, aiming pads, or similar references of sufcient detail and accuracy, for

determination of an appropriate vehicle plane to be used with the photometric procedures of

S14.2.5 for correct alignment with the photometer axis when being tested for photometric

compliance, and to serve for the aiming reference when the headlamp or beam contributor

is installed on a motor vehicle. The ducial marks, aiming pads, or similar references are

protrusions, bubble vials, holes, indentations, ridges, scribed lines, or other readily identiable

marks established and described by the vehicle or headlamp manufacturer.

S10.18.5.3 Optical axis marking-visual/optical aim headlamp. There must be a mark or

markings identifying the optical axis of the headlamp visible from the front of the headlamp

when installed on the vehicle, to assure proper horizontal and vertical alignment of the aiming

screen or optical aiming equipment with the headlamp being aimed. The manufacturer is free

to choose the design of the mark or markings. The mark or markings may be on the interior or

exterior of the lens or indicated by a mark or central structure on the interior or exterior of the

headlamp.

S10.18.6 Moveable reectors. Each headlamp aimed by moving the reector relative to the

lens and headlamp housing, or vice versa, must conform with the photometric requirements

applicable to it when tested according to the procedure of S14.2.5 with the lens at any position

relative to the reector within the full range of vertical pitch on the vehicle on which the

headlamp system is installed and a horizontal range of ±2.5°. Additionally it must comply with

the aiming adjustment requirements of S14.6.

S10.18.7 External aiming. Each headlighting system that is capable of being mechanically

aimed by externally applied headlamp aiming devices must be mechanically aimable

using the equipment specied in SAE Recommended Practice J602-1980 (incorporated by

reference, see § 571.5), without the removal of any ornamental trim rings, covers, wipers or

other vehicle parts.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S10.18.7.1 Headlamp aiming device locating plates. Each headlighting system which is

designed to use the Headlamp Aiming Device Locating Plates with adjustable legs for the

100×165 mm unit and the 142×200 mm unit, and which has adjustable length legs, must meet

the following requirements:

S10.18.7.1.1 The lens must have three aiming pads which meet the requirements of Figure 4 3,

Dimensional Specications for Location of Aiming Pads on Replaceable Bulb Headlamp Units.

The aiming pads need not be centered at the geometric center of the lens, or on the optical axis.

Except as provided in S10.18.7.1.2, a whole number, which represents the distance in multiples

of 2.54 mm (tenths of an inch) [i.e. 7.62 mm (0.3 inch) = 3] from the aiming reference plane to

the respective aiming pads which are not in contact with that plane, must be inscribed adjacent

to each respective aiming pad on the lens. The height of these numbers must be not less than

4 mm (0.157 inch). If there is interference between the plane and the area of the lens between

the aiming pads, the whole number represents the distance to a secondary plane. The secondary

plane must be located parallel to the aiming reference plane and as close to the lens as possible

without causing interference.

S10.18.7.1.2 If the most forward aiming pad is the lower inboard aiming pad, then the

dimensions may be placed anywhere on the lens. The dimension for the outboard aiming pad

(Dimension F in Figure 3) must be followed by the letter “H” and the dimension for the center

aiming pad must be followed by the letter “V.” The dimensions must be expressed in multiples

of 2.54 mm (tenths of an inch).

S10.18.7.2 Nonadjustable headlamp aiming device locating plates. Each headlamp may be

designed to use the nonadjustable Headlamp Aiming Device Locating Plate for the 100 × 165

mm unit, the 142 × 200 mm unit, the 146 mm diameter unit, or the 178 mm diameter unit of

SAE Recommended Practice J602-1980 (incorporated by reference, see

§ 571.5), or the 92 ×

150 mm Type F unit, and incorporate lens-mounted aiming pads as specied for those units

pursuant to Appendix C of part 564 of this chapter

. If so designed, no additional lens marking is

necessary to designate the type of plate or dimensions.

S10.18.8 On-vehicle aiming. Each headlighting system that is capable of being aimed by

equipment installed on the vehicle must include a Vehicle Headlamp Aiming Device (VHAD)

that conforms to the following requirements:

S10.18.8.1 Aim. The VHAD must provide for headlamp aim inspection and adjustment in

both the vertical and horizontal axes.

S10.18.8.1.1 Vertical aim. The VHAD must include the necessary references and scales

relative to the horizontal plane to assure correct vertical aim for photometry and aiming

purposes. An off vehicle measurement of the angle of the plane of the ground is permitted. In

addition, an equal number of graduations from the “0” position representing angular changes in

the axis in the upward and downward directions must be provided.

S10.18.8.1.1.1 Each graduation must represent a change in the vertical position of the

mechanical axis not larger than 0.19° [25 mm at 7.6 m (1 in. at 25 ft.)] to provide for variations

in aim at least 1.2° above and below the horizontal, and have an accuracy relative to the zero

mark of less than 0.1°.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S10.18.8.1.1.2 The VHAD must be marked to indicate headlamp aim movement in the upward

and downward directions.

S10.18.8.1.1.3 Each graduation must indicate a linear movement of the scale indicator

of not less than 0.05 in (1.27 mm) if a direct reading analog indicator is used. If a remote

reading indicator is provided, it must represent the actual aim movement in a clear,

understandable format.

S10.18.8.1.1.4 The vertical indicator must perform through a minimum range of ±1.2°.

S10.18.8.1.1.5 Means must be provided in the VHAD for compensating for deviations in

oor slope less than 1.2° from the horizontal that would affect the correct positioning of the

headlamp for vertical aim.

S10.18.8.1.1.6 The graduations must be legible under an illumination level not greater than

323 lux (30 foot candles), measured at the top of the graduation, by an observer having 20/20

vision (Snellen), and must permit aim adjustment to within 0.19° [25 mm at 7.6 m (1 in. at

25 ft.)].

S10.18.8.1.2 Horizontal aim. The VHAD must include references and scales relative to the

longitudinal axis of the vehicle necessary to assure correct horizontal aim for photometry and

aiming purposes. An “0” mark must be used to indicate alignment of the headlamps relative

to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. In addition, an equal number of graduations from the

“0” position representing equal angular changes in the axis relative to the vehicle axis must be

provided.

S10.18.8.1.2.1 Each graduation must represent a change in the horizontal position of the

mechanical axis not greater than 0.38° [51 mm at 7.6 m (2 in. at 25 ft.)] to provide for variations

in aim at least 0.76° [102 mm at 7.6 m (4 in. at 25 ft.)] to the left and right of the longitudinal

axis of the vehicle, and must have an accuracy relative to the zero mark of less than 0.1°.

S10.18.8.1.2.2 The VHAD must be marked to indicate headlamp aim movement in the left

and right directions.

S10.18.8.1.2.3 The graduations must be legible under an illumination level not greater than

323 lux (30 foot-candles), measured at the top of the graduation, by an observer having 20/20

vision (Snellen), and must permit aim adjustment to within 0.38° [51 mm at 7.6 m (2 in. at

25 ft.].

S10.18.8.1.2.4 The horizontal indicator must perform through a minimum range of ±0.76°

[102 mm at 7.6 m (4 in. at 25 ft.)]; however, the indicator itself must be capable of recalibration

over a movement of ±2.5° relative to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle to accommodate any

adjustment necessary for recalibrating the indicator after vehicle repair from accident damage.

S10.18.8.2 Aiming instructions

14 See Schedule IV of the MVSR, subsection 108(22) to (24) .

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S10.18.8.2.1 The instructions for properly aiming the headlighting system using the VHAD

must be provided on a label permanently afxed to the vehicle adjacent to the VHAD, or in the

vehicle operator’s manual. The instructions must advise that the headlighting system is properly

aimed if the appropriate vertical plane (as dened by the vehicle manufacturer) is perpendicular

to both the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, and a horizontal plane when the vehicle is on a

horizontal surface, and the VHAD is set at “0” vertical and “0” horizontal.

S10.18.8.2.2 Should a remote indicator or a remote indicator and adjuster be provided, the

instructions must be placed in the operator’s manual, and may also be placed on a label adjacent

to the VHAD.

S10.18.8.3 Permanent calibration. Each headlamp equipped with a VHAD must be

manufactured with its calibration permanently xed by its manufacturer. Calibration in this case

means the process of accurately aligning the geometry of the VHAD devices with the beam

pattern for the purposes of compliance with the TSD standard.

S10.18.8.4 Replacement units. When tested according to the procedure of S14.2.5 with any

replacement headlamp unit(s) or light sources intended for use in the system under test, the

VHAD and headlighting system must be designed to conform to the photometric performance

requirements applicable for the system under test.

S10.18.8.5 Physical tests. Each VHAD must be designed to conform with the performance

requirements of S14.8.

S10.18.9 Visual/optical aiming. Each visually/optically aimable headlamp must be designed

to conform to the following requirements:

S10.18.9.1 Vertical aim, lower beam. Each lower beam headlamp must have a cutoff in the

beam pattern. It may be either on the left side or the right side of the optical axis, but once

chosen for a particular headlamp system’s design, the side chosen for the cutoff must not be

changed for any headlamps intended to be used as replacements for those system’s headlamps.

S10.18.9.1.1 Vertical position of the cutoff. The headlamp must be aimed vertically so that the

cutoff is on the left side, at 0.4° down from the H-H line, or on the right side, at the H-H line.

S10.18.9.1.2 Vertical gradient. The gradient of the cutoff measured at either 2.5° L or 2.0° R

must be not less than 0.13 based on the procedure of S10.18.9.1.5.

S10.18.9.1.3 Horizontal position of the cutoff. The width must be not less than 2°, with not

less than 2° of its actual width centered at either 2.5° L, or 2.0° R.

S10.18.9.1.4 Maximum inclination of the cutoff. The vertical location of the highest gradient

at the ends of the minimum width must be within ±0.2° of the vertical location of the maximum

gradient measured at the appropriate vertical line (at either 2.5° L for a left side cutoff, or 2.0° R

for a right side cutoff).

S10.18.9.1.5 Measuring the cutoff parameter.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S10.18.9.1.5.1 The headlamp is mounted on a headlamp test xture which simulates its

actual design location on any vehicle for which the headlamp is intended. The xture, with the

headlamp installed, is attached to the goniometer table in such a way that the xture alignment

axes are coincident with the goniometer axes. The headlamp is energized at the specied test

voltage. The cutoff parameter must be measured at a distance of 10 m from a photosensor with

a 10 mm diameter.

S10.18.9.1.5.2 The headlamp beam pattern is aimed with the cutoff at the H-H axis. There is

no adjustment, shimming, or modication of the horizontal axis of the headlamp or test xture,

unless the headlamp is equipped with a VHAD. In this case the VHAD is adjusted to zero.

S10.18.9.1.5.3 A vertical scan of the beam pattern is conducted for a headlamp with a left side

gradient by aligning the goniometer on a vertical line at 2.5° L and scanning from 1.5° U to 1.5°

D. For a headlamp with a right side gradient, a vertical scan of the beam pattern is conducted by

aligning the goniometer on a vertical line at 2.0° R and scanning from 1.5° U to 1.5° D.

S10.18.9.1.5.4 Determine the maximum gradient within the range of the scan by using the

formula: G = log E(a)−logE(a + 0.1), where “G” is the gradient, “E” is illuminance illumination

and “a” is vertical angular position. The maximum value of the gradient “G” determines

the vertical angular location of the cutoff. Perform vertical scans at 1.0° L and R of the

measurement point of the maximum gradient to determine the inclination.

S10.18.9.2 Horizontal aim, lower beam. There is no adjustment of horizontal aim unless the

headlamp is equipped with a horizontal VHAD. If the headlamp has a VHAD, it is set to zero.

S10.18.9.3 Vertical aim, upper beam.

S10.18.9.3.1 If the upper beam is combined in a headlamp with a lower beam, the vertical aim

of the upper beam must not be changed from the aim set using the procedures of S10.18.9.1 and

S10.18.9.2 used for the lower beam.

S10.18.9.3.2 If the upper beam is not combined in a headlamp with a lower beam, the vertical

aim of the upper beam is adjusted so that the maximum beam intensity is located on the H-H axis.

S10.18.9.4 Horizontal aim, upper beam.

S10.18.9.4.1 If the upper beam is combined in a headlamp with a lower beam, the horizontal

aim of the upper beam must not be changed from the aim set using the procedures of S10.18.9.1

and S10.18.9.2 used for the lower beam.

S10.18.9.4.2 If the upper beam is not combined in a headlamp with the lower beam and has

xed horizontal aim or has a horizontal VHAD, then the headlamp is mounted on a headlamp

test xture which simulates its actual design location on any vehicle for which the headlamp is

intended. The xture, with the headlamp installed, is attached to the goniometer table in such

a way that the xture alignment axes are coincident with the goniometer axes. The headlamp

must be energized at 12.8 V ±0.20 mV. There is no adjustment, shimming, or modication

of the horizontal axis of the headlamp or test xture, unless the headlamp is equipped with a

VHAD. In this case the VHAD is adjusted to zero.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S10.18.9.4.3 If the upper beam is not combined in a headlamp with a lower beam, and it does

not have a VHAD, the horizontal aim of the upper beam is adjusted so that the maximum beam

intensity is located on the V-V axis.

S10.18.9.5 Photometry. When tested according to the procedure of S14.2.5, a visually/

optically aimable headlamp must be designed to conform to the lower beam requirements of

columns; LB1V or LB2V of Table XIX-a, or LB3V of Table XIX-b, or LB4V of Table XIX-c.

S10.18.9.6 Visual/optical aiming identication marking. Each letter used in marking

according to this paragraph must be not less than 3 mm high.

S10.18.9.6.1 The lens of a lower beam headlamp must be marked “VOL” if the headlamp is

intended to be visually/optically aimed using the left side of the lower beam pattern. The lens

of a lower beam headlamp must be marked “VOR” if the headlamp is intended to be visually/

optically aimed using the right side of the lower beam pattern. The lens of a headlamp that is

solely an upper beam headlamp and intended to be visually/optically aimed using the upper

beam must be marked “VO”.

S10.18.9.6.2 The lens of each sealed beam or integral beam headlamp must be marked “VOR”

if the headlamp is of a type that was manufactured before May 1, 1997, and if such headlamp

type has been redesigned since then to be visually/optically aimable.

S11 Replaceable light source requirements.

Each replaceable light source must be designed to conform to the dimensions and

electrical specications furnished with respect to it pursuant to part 564 of this chapter,

on le in Docket No. NHTSA 98-3397, which may be consulted at the following

United States government Web site: www.regulations.gov/fdmspublic/component/

main?main=DocketDetail&d=NHTSA-1998-3397 and must conform to the following

requirements:

S11.1 Markings.

If other than an HB Type, the light source must be marked with the bulb marking designation

specied for it in compliance with appendix A or appendix B of part 564 of this chapter. The

base of each HB Type must be marked with its HB Type designation. Each replaceable light

source must also be marked with the symbol DOT and with a name or trademark in accordance

with S6.5.

S11.2 Ballast markings

If a ballast is required for operation, each ballast must bear the following permanent markings:

(a) Name or logo of ballast manufacturer;

(b) Ballast part number or unique identication;

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(d) Rated laboratory life of the light source/ballast combination, if the information for the light

source has been led in appendix B of part 564 of this chapter;

(e) A warning that ballast output voltage presents the potential for severe electrical shock that

could lead to permanent injury or death;

(f) Ballast output power in watts and output voltage in root mean square (rms) volts AC or DC;

and

(g) The symbol ‘DOT’.

S11.3 Gas discharge laboratory life.

For light sources that use excited gas mixtures as a lament or discharge arc, the “rated

laboratory life” is determined in accordance with sections 4.3 and 4.9 of SAE Recommended

Practice J2009 FEB93, Forward Discharge Lighting Systems (incorporated by reference, see

571.108 S5.2 of this section).

S11.4 Physical tests.

S11.4.1 Each replaceable light source must be designed to conform with the performance

requirements of the deection test and pressure test requirements of S14.7.

S11.4.2 Replaceable light sources must be designed to conform with the requirements of

section VII of appendix A of part 564 of this chapter, or section IV of appendix B of part 564 of

this chapter, for maximum power and luminous ux when test by the procedure of S14.7.3.

S12 Headlamp concealment device requirements.

S12.1 While the headlamp is illuminated, its fully opened headlamp concealment device

must remain fully opened should any loss of power to or within the headlamp concealment

device occur.

S12.2 Whenever any malfunction occurs in a component that controls or conducts power for

the actuation of the concealment device, each closed headlamp concealment device must be

capable of being fully opened by a means not requiring the use of any tools. Thereafter, the

headlamp concealment device must remain fully opened until intentionally closed.

S12.3 Except for malfunctions covered by S12.2, each headlamp concealment device must be

capable of being fully opened and the headlamps illuminated by actuation of a single switch,

lever, or similar mechanism, including a mechanism that is automatically actuated by a change

in ambient light conditions.

S12.4 Each headlamp concealment device must be installed so that the headlamp may be

mounted, aimed, and adjusted without removing any component of the device, other than

components of the headlamp assembly.

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S12.5 Except for cases of malfunction covered by S12.2, each headlamp concealment device

must, within an ambient temperature range of -29°C to +49°C (-20°F to +120°F), be capable of

being fully opened in not more than 3 seconds after the actuation of a driver-operated control.

S12.6 As an alternative to complying with the requirements of S12.1 through S12.5, a vehicle

with headlamps incorporating VHAD or visual/optical aiming in accordance with this TSD

standard may meet the requirements for Concealable lamps in paragraph 5.14 of UNECE

Regulation No. 48 page 17 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5), in the English language

version.

S12.7 Certication election. Manufacturers of vehicles with headlamps incorporating VHAD

or visual/optical aiming must elect to certify to S12.1 through S12.5 or to S12.6 prior to, or at

the time of certication of the vehicle, pursuant to Section 5 of the Motor Vehicle Safety Act 49

CFR Part 567. The selection is irrevocable.

S13 Replaceable headlamp lens requirements.

[CONTENT NOT REPRODUCED]

S14 Physical and photometry test procedures and

performance requirements.

S14.1 General test procedures and performance requirements.

S14.1.1 Each lamp, reective device, item of conspicuity treatment, and item of associated

equipment required or permitted by this TSD standard must be designed to conform to all

applicable physical test performance requirements specied for it.

S14.1.2 Plastic optical materials. All plastic materials used for optical parts such as lenses

and reectors on lamps or reective devices required or allowed by this TSD standard must

conform to the material test requirements of S14.4.2.

S14.1.3 All coatings used on optical materials must have added to their formulations an optical

brightener, whose presence is detectable by ultraviolet light, to aid in testing for their presence.

Other equivalent industry accepted methods may be used as an alternative.

S14.1.4 Samples.

S14.1.4.1 Samples submitted for laboratory test must be new, unused, manufactured from

production tooling and assembled by production processes, and representative of the devices as

regularly manufactured and marketed.

S14.1.4.2 Each test sample must include not only the device but also accessory equipment

necessary to operate in its intended manner. Where necessary a mounting bracket shall be

provided so that the device may be rigidly bolted in its operating position on the various

test equipment.

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S14.1.4.3 Dust and photometric tests may be made on a second set of mounted samples, if

desired, to expedite completion of the tests.

S14.1.5 Laboratory facilities. The laboratory must be equipped to test the sample in

accordance with the requirements of the specic device.

S14.2 Photometric test procedures.

Each lamp and reective device required or permitted by this TSD standard must be designed

to conform to the applicable photometric requirements.

S14.2.1 Photometry measurements for all lamps except license plate lamps, headlamps, and

DRLs.

S14.2.1.1 Mounting. Photometry measurements are made with the sample lamp mounted in

its normal operating position.

S14.2.1.2 School bus signal lamp aiming. A school bus signal lamp must be aimed with

its aiming plane normal to the photometer axis and may be reaimed for photometry by ±

⁄

vertically and ±1° horizontally.

S14.2.1.3 Measurement distance. Photometric measurements are made at a distance between

the light source and the point of measurement of at least 1.2 m for side marker lamps, clearance

lamps, identication lamps, and parking lamps, and at least 3 m for turn signal lamps, stop

lamps, taillamps, backup lamps, and school bus signal lamps.

S14.2.1.4 Location of test points. Test point location must comply with the following

nomenclature:

(a) The line formed by the intersection of a vertical plane through the light source of the lamp

and normal to the test screen is designated “V”.

(b) The line formed by the intersection of a horizontal plane through the light source and

normal to the test screen is designated “H”.

(d) Other test points on the test screen are measured in terms of angles from the H and V lines.

(e) Angles to the right (R) and to the left (L) are regarded as being to the right and left of the V

line when the observer stands behind the lamp and looks in the direction of its light beam when it

is properly aimed for photometry. Similarly, the upward angles designated as U and the downward

angles designated as D, refer to light directed at angles above and below the H line, respectively.

S14.2.1.5 Multiple compartment and multiple lamp photometry of turn signal lamps, stop

lamps, and taillamps.

S14.2.1.5.1 When compartments of lamps or arrangements of multiple lamps are

photometered together, the H-V axis intersects the midpoint between the optical axes.

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S14.2.1.5.2 Luminous intensity measurements of multiple compartment lamps or multiple

lamp arrangements are made either by:

(a) Measuring all compartments together, provided that a line from the optical axis of each

compartment or lamp to the center of the photometer sensing device does not make an angle

more than 0.6° with the H-V axis, or

(b) Measuring each compartment or lamp separately by aligning its optical axis with the

photometer and adding the value at each test point.

S14.2.1.5.3 Multiple compartment turn signal lamps or stop lamps or multiple lamp

arrangements of these lamps installed on multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, trailers, or

buses 2032 mm or more in overall width must use the method of S14.2.1.5.2(b) only.

S14.2.1.6 Bulbs. Except for a lamp having a sealed-in bulb, a lamp must meet the applicable

requirements of this TSD standard when tested with a bulb whose lament is positioned within

± 0.254 mm (0.010 in.) of the nominal design position specied in SAE Recommended Practice

J573d (1968) (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5) or specied by the bulb manufacturer and

operated at the bulb’s rated mean spherical candela.

S14.2.1.6.1 Each lamp designed to use a type of bulb that has not been assigned a mean

spherical candela rating by its manufacturer and is not listed in SAE Recommended Practice

J573d (1968) (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5), must meet the applicable requirements

of this TSD standard when used with any bulb of the type specied by the lamp manufacturer,

operated at the bulb’s design voltage. A lamp that contains a sealed-in bulb must meet these

requirements with the bulb operated at the bulb’s design voltage.

S14.2.1.6.2 A bulb that is not listed in SAE Recommended Practice J573d (1968) (incorporated

by reference, see § 571.5) is not required to use a socket that conforms to the requirements of SAE

Recommended Practice J567b (1964) (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5).

S14.2.2 License plate lamp photometry. Photometry compliance of license plate lamps is

determined by measurement of the illumination falling upon test stations located on a test plate.

S14.2.2.1 Illumination surface. All illumination measurements are made on a rectangular test

plate of clean, white blotting paper mounted on the license plate holder in the position normally

taken by the license plate. The face of the test plate must be 1.5 mm from the face of the license

plate holder.

S14.2.2.2 Test stations. Test stations must be located on the face of the test plate as shown in

Figure 19 according to the type of vehicle on which the license plate lamps are installed.

S14.2.2.3 Bulb requirements of S14.2.1.6 apply to license plate lamp photometry.

S14.2.3 Reex reector and retroreective sheeting photometry.

S14.2.3.1 Mounting. Each reex reector is mounted for photometry with the center of the

reex area at the center of goniometer rotation and at the same horizontal level as the source of

illumination.

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S14.2.3.2 Illumination source. The source of illumination is a lamp with a 50 mm effective

diameter and with a lament operating at 2856K.

S14.2.3.3 Measurement distance. The test distance is 30.5 m [100ft].

S14.2.3.4 Test setup The observation point is located directly above the source of

illumination. The H-V axis of reex reectors is taken as parallel to the longitudinal axis of the

vehicle for rear reectors and perpendicular to a vertical plane passing through the longitudinal

axis of the vehicle for side reectors.

S14.2.3.5 Photodetector. The photodetector has an opening of not more than 13 mm vertically

and 25 mm horizontally.

S14.2.3.6 Photometry surface. Reex reectors may have any linear or area dimensions but

must have no more than 7740 sq mm projected area contained within a 254 mm diameter circle

exposed for photometry.

S14.2.3.7 Procedure. Photometric measurements of reex reectors and retroreective

sheeting must be made at various observation and entrance angles as shown in Table XVI.

S14.2.3.7.1 The observation angle is the angle formed by a line from the observation point

to the center of the reector and a second line from the center of the reector to the source of

illumination.

S14.2.3.7.2 The entrance angle is the angle between the axis of the reex reector and a line

from the center of the reector to the source of illumination.

S14.2.3.7.3 The entrance angle is designated left, right, up, and down in accordance with the

position of the source of illumination with respect to the axis of the reex reector as viewed

from behind the reector.

S14.2.3.7.4 Measurements are made of the luminous intensity which the reex reector is

projecting toward the observation point and the illumination on the reex reector from the

source of illumination.

S14.2.3.8 Measurements.

S14.2.3.8.1 Reex reectors. The required measurement for reex reectors at each test

point as shown in Table XVI is the quotient of the projected luminous intensity divided by the

illumination expressed as millicandela per lux or candela per footcandle.

S14.2.3.8.2 Retroreective sheeting. The required measurement for retroreective sheeting

reectors at each test point as shown in Table XVI is candela per lux per square meter of area.

S14.2.3.8.3 Reex reector photometry measurement adjustments.

S14.2.3.8.3.1 Reex reectors, which do not have a xed rotational position on the vehicle,

are rotated about their axis through 360° to nd the minimum photometric value which must be

reported for each test point. If the output falls below the minimum requirement at any test point,

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the reector is rotated ±5° about its axis from the angle where the minimum output occurred,

and the maximum value within this angle is reported as a tolerance value.

S14.2.3.8.3.2 Reex reectors, which by their design or construction, permit mounting on

a vehicle in a xed rotational position, are tested in this position. A visual locator, such as the

word TOP is not considered adequate to establish a xed rotational position on the vehicle.

S14.2.3.8.3.3 If uncolored reections from the front surface interfere with photometric

readings at any test point, additional readings are taken 1° above, below, right, and left of the

test point, and the lowest of these readings and its location is reported provided the minimum

test point requirement for the test point is met.

S14.2.4 Daytime running lamp (DRL) photometry measurements.

S14.2.4.1 Each DRL is tested to the procedure of S14.2.5 when a test voltage of 12.8 V

± 20 mV is applied to the input terminals of the lamp switch module or voltage-reducing

equipment, whichever is closer to the electrical source on the vehicle.

S14.2.4.2 The test distance from the lamp to the photometer is not less than 18.3 m if the lamp

is optically combined with a headlamp, or is a separate lamp, and not less than 3 m if the lamp

is optically combined with a lamp, other than a headlamp, that is required by this TSD standard.

S14.2.4.3 Except for a lamp having a sealed-in bulb, a lamp must meet the applicable

requirements of this standard when tested with a bulb whose lament is positioned within ±

0,25 mm (± 0,010 in). of the nominal design position specied in SAE J573d, Lamp bulbs and

Sealed Units, December 1968, (incorporated by reference, paragraph S5.2 of this section) or

specied by the bulb manufacturer.

S14.2.5 Headlamp photometry measurements.

S14.2.5.1 Mounting. Photometry measurements at the applicable test points are made with the

sample headlamp mounted in its normal operating position.

S14.2.5.2 Test points in the area from 10° U to 90° U must be measured from the normally

exposed surface of the lens face.

S14.2.5.3 Measurement distance. Photometric measurements are made at a distance between

the light source and the photometer sensor of at least 18.3 m.

S14.2.5.4 Seasoning and test voltage. All sealed beam headlamps, integral beam headlamps,

beam contributors, and replaceable light sources are seasoned at design voltage for 1% of its

average design life or 10 hours, whichever is less prior to a photometry test. A headlamp is

tested at 12.8 v. ±20 mv, D.C. as measured at the terminals of the lamp.

S14.2.5.5 Aiming. Each headlamp is aimed prior to a photometry test in accordance with the

procedure appropriate to its aiming system. A

⁄

° reaim is permitted in any direction at any test

point to allow for variations in readings between laboratories for all headlamps except a Type F

upper beam unit not equipped with a VHAD.

15 See Schedule IV of the MVSR, subsections 108(25) to 108(30) for DRL requirements.

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S14.2.5.5.1 Mechanically aimable headlamps using an external aimer. The headlamp is

aimed mechanically with the aiming plane at the design angle(s) to the photometer axis and the

mechanical axis of the headlamp on the photometer axis.

S14.2.5.5.2 Mechanically aimable headlamps equipped with a VHAD. The headlamp is aimed

mechanically using the VHAD in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions as provided

with the vehicle on which the headlamp is intended to be used

S14.2.5.5.3 Visually aimable lower beam headlamps-vertical aim.

S14.2.5.5.3.1 A VOL cutoff headlamp must have the location of the cutoff maximum gradient,

as determined by the method of this TSD standard, positioned at 0.4° down from the H-H line.

S14.2.5.5.3.2 A VOR cutoff headlamp must have the location of the cutoff maximum gradient,

as determined by the method of this TSD standard, positioned at the H-H line.

S14.2.5.5.4 Visually aimable lower beam headlamps-horizontal aim. There must be no

adjustment of horizontal aim unless the headlamp is equipped with a horizontal VHAD. If the

headlamp has a VHAD, it must be set to zero.

S14.2.5.5.5 Visually aimable upper beam headlamps-vertical aim.

S14.2.5.5.5.1 A headlamp whose upper beam is combined with a lower beam must not have its

vertical aim changed from that set for the lower beam.

S14.2.5.5.5.2 A headlamp whose upper beam is not combined with a lower beam must have its

maximum beam intensity positioned on the H-H axis.

S14.2.5.5.6 Visually aimable upper beam headlamps-horizontal aim.

S14.2.5.5.6.1 A headlamp whose upper beam is combined with a lower beam must not have its

horizontal aim changed from that set for the lower beam.

S14.2.5.5.6.2 A headlamp whose upper beam is not combined with a lower beam and has

a xed horizontal aim or has a horizontal VHAD must be mounted in its normal operating

position on a goniometer such that the mounting xture alignment axes are coincident with

the goniometer axes and must be energized at 12.8 v ±20 mv. There must be no adjustment,

shimming, or modication of the horizontal axis of the headlamp or test xture, unless the

headlamp is equipped with a VHAD, in which case the VHAD must be adjusted to zero.

S14.2.5.5.6.3 A headlamp whose upper beam is not combined with a lower beam and is not

equipped with a horizontal VHAD, the horizontal aim must be adjusted so that the maximum

beam intensity is positioned on the V-V axis.

S14.2.5.5.7 Simultaneous aim Type F sealed beam headlamps and beam contributor integral

beam headlamps.

16 See Schedule IV of the MVSR, subsection 108(22) to (24).

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S14.2.5.5.7.1 A headlamp system permitted to use simultaneous aim of lower beams and upper

beams must be aimed mechanically for lower beam photometry by centering the lower beam

unit or the geometric center of all lower beam contributors on the photometer axis and aligning

the aiming plane, aiming reference plane, or other appropriate vertical plane dened by the

manufacturer perpendicular to the photometer axis.

S14.2.5.5.7.2 The headlamp must be aimed for upper beam photometry by moving the

assembly in a plane parallel to the established lower beam aiming plane until the upper beam

unit or the geometric center of all upper beam contributors is centered in the photometric axis.

S14.2.5.5.8 Motorcycle headlamp-upper beam headlamps designed to comply with Table

XX. The upper beam of a multiple beam headlamp designed to comply with the requirements

of Table XX must be aimed photoelectrically so that the center of the zone of highest intensity

falls 0.4° vertically below the lamp axis and is centered laterally. The center of the zone of

highest intensity must be established by the intersection of a horizontal plane passing through

the point of maximum intensity, and the vertical plane established by balancing the photometric

values at 3°L and 3°R.

S14.2.5.5.9 Motorcycle headlamp-lower beam headlamps designed to comply with Table

XX. The beam from a single beam headlamp designed to comply with the requirements of

Table XX must be aimed straight ahead with the top of the beam aimed vertically to obtain

2000 cd at H-V.

S14.2.5.6 Positioner. The goniometer conguration, used to position the sample headlamp

when making photometric measurements at specic angular test points, is horizontal rotation over

elevation. The vertical axis of the goniometer must correspond to the design position vertical axis

of the sample headlamp which is vertical and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

S14.2.5.7 Photometer.

S14.2.5.7.1 The photometer must be capable of measuring the luminous intensity of the

sample headlamp throughout its illumination range.

S14.2.5.7.2 Sensor.

S14.2.5.7.2.1 The maximum effective area of the photometric sensor must t within a circle

whose diameter is equal to 0.009 times the actual test distance from the light source of the

sample headlamp to the sensor.

S14.2.5.7.2.2 The sensor effective area is dened as the actual area of intercepted light striking

the detector surface of the photometer. Sensor systems incorporating lens(es) that change

the diameter of the intercepted light beam before it reaches the actual detector surface, the

maximum size requirements must apply to the total area of the light actually intercepted by the

lens surface.

S14.2.5.7.2.3 The sensor must be capable of intercepting all direct illumination from the

largest illuminated dimension of the sample lamp at the test distance.

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S14.2.5.7.3 The color response of the photometer must be corrected to that of the 1931

CIE Standard Observer (2-degree) Photopic Response Curve, as shown in the CIE 1931

Chromaticity Diagram (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5).

S14.2.5.8 Location of test points.

S14.2.5.8.1 Test point positions are dened by the positioner. The following nomenclature

applies:

S14.2.5.8.1.1 The letters “V” and “H” designate the vertical and horizontal planes intersecting

both the headlamp light source and the photometer axis. “H-V” designates the zero test point

angle at the intersection of the H and V planes. This intersection is parallel to the longitudinal

axis of the vehicle.

S14.2.5.8.1.2 The letters “U”, “D”, “L”, and “R”, indicating up, down, left and right,

respectively, designate the angular position from the H and V planes to the photometer as

viewed from the headlamp.

S14.2.5.8.1.3 Horizontal angles designated L and R are dened as the plan view angle

between the vertical plane and the projection of the light ray from the headlamp onto the

horizontal plane.

S14.2.5.8.1.4 Vertical angles designated U and D are dened as the true angle between the

horizontal plane and the light ray from the headlamp.

S14.2.5.9 Beam contributor photometry measurements. In a headlighting system where

there is more than one beam contributor providing a lower beam, and/or more than one beam

contributor providing an upper beam, each beam contributor must be designed to meet only

the applicable photometric performance requirements based upon the following mathematical

expression: conforming test point value = 2(test point value)/total number of lower or upper

beam contributors for the vehicle, as appropriate.

S14.2.5.10 Moveable reector aimed headlamp photometry measurements.

S14.2.5.10.1 A headlamp aimed by moving the reector relative to the lens and headlamp

housing, or vice versa, must conform to the photometry requirements applicable to it with the

lens at any position relative to the reector.

S14.2.5.10.2 These positions include not less than the full range of vertical pitch of the vehicle

on which the headlamp is installed and not less than ±2.5° from the nominal horizontal aim

position for the vehicle on which the headlamp is installed unless the headlamp is visually/

optically aimed with a xed horizontal aim.

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S14.3 Motorcycle headlamp out of focus test procedure and

performance requirements.

S14.3.1 Procedure. The sample device must be tested for photometry using bulbs having

each of four out-of-focus lament positions. Where conventional bulbs with two pin bayonet

bases are used, tests must be made with the light source 1.52 mm (0.060 in.) above, below,

ahead, and behind the designated position. If prefocused bulbs are used, the limiting positions

at which tests are made must be 0.51 mm (0.020 in.) above, below, ahead, and behind the

designated position. The sample device may be reaimed for each of the out-of-focus positions

of the light source.

S14.3.2 Performance requirements. The minimum photometric values for the out-of-design

position must be 80% of the in-design position.

S14.4 General test procedures and performance requirements.

S14.4.1 Color test. The requirement applies to the overall effective color of light emitted by

the device and not to the color of the light from a small area of the lens. It does not apply to any

pilot, indicator, or tell-tale lights. The color of the sample device must comply when tested by

either the Visual Method or the Tristimulus Method.

S14.4.1.1 Samples. A test sample for a reex reector may be either the reex reector or a

disc of the same material, technique of fabrication, and dye formulation as the reex reector.

If a disc is used, the thickness must be twice the thickness of the reector as measured from the

face of the lens to the apexes of the reecting elements.

S14.4.1.2 General procedure.

S14.4.1.2.1 The device must be operated at design voltage.

S14.4.1.2.2 Components (bulbs, caps, lenses, and the like) must be tested in a xture or

manner simulating the intended application.

S14.4.1.2.3 The lamp shall be allowed to reach operating temperature before measurements

are made.

S14.4.1.2.4 The entire light emitting surface of the sample must be visible from any point on

the entrance window of the test instrument.

S14.4.1.2.5 The distance between the test instrument and the sample must be large enough so

that further increases in distance will not affect the results.

S14.4.1.3 Visual method.

S14.4.1.3.1 Visual method procedure. The color of light from the sample device must be

compared visually with the color of the light from a standard. The standard may consist of a

lter or limit glass. In the case of white, CIE Source A is used only as a color reference. The

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Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

chromaticity coordinates of the color standards must be as close as possible to the limits listed.

The color of the standard lters is determined spectro-photometrically.

S14.4.1.3.2 Visual method performance requirements. The color must comply with the

applicable requirement.

S14.4.1.3.2.1 Red. Red is not acceptable if it is less saturated (paler), yellower, or bluer than

the limit standards.

S14.4.1.3.2.2 Yellow (Amber). Yellow is not acceptable if it is less saturated (paler), greener,

or redder than the limit standards.

S14.4.1.3.2.3 White. White is not acceptable if its color differs materially from that of CIE

Source A.

S14.4.1.3.2.4 Green. Green is not acceptable if it is less saturated (paler), yellower, or bluer

than the limit standards.

S14.4.1.3.2.5 Blue. Blue is not acceptable if it is less saturated (paler), greener, or redder than

the limit standards.

S14.4.1.4 Tristimulus method.

S14.4.1.4.1 Tristimulus method procedure.

S14.4.1.4.1.1 The color of light from the H-V point of a sample device must be measured

by photoelectric receivers with spectral responses that approximate CIE standard spectral

tristimulus values.

S14.4.1.4.1.2 A sphere may be used to integrate light from a colored source provided that the

color shift that results from the spectral selectivity of the sphere paint be corrected by the use of

a lter, correction factor, or an appropriate calibration.

S14.4.1.4.1.3 Where the sample device does not have uniform spectral characteristics in

all useful directions, color measurements must be made at as many directions of view as are

required to evaluate the color for those directions that apply to the end use of the device.

S14.4.1.4.2 Tristimulus method performance requirements. The color must comply with the

applicable requirement.

S14.4.1.4.2.1 Red. The color of light emitted must fall within the following boundaries:

y = 0.33 (yellow boundary)

y = 0.98 − x (purple boundary)

S14.4.1.4.2.2 Yellow (Amber). The color of light emitted must fall within the following

boundaries:

y = 0.39 (red boundary)

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y = 0.79 − 0.67x (white boundary)

y = x − 0.12 (green boundary)

S14.4.1.4.2.3 White (achromatic). The color of light emitted must fall within the following

boundaries:

x = 0.31 (blue boundary)

y = 0.44 (green boundary)

x = 0.50 (yellow boundary)

y = 0.15 + 0.64x (green boundary)

y = 0.38 (red boundary)

y = 0.05 + 0.75x (purple boundary)

S14.4.1.4.2.4 Green. The color of light emitted must fall within the following boundaries:

y = 0.73 − 0.73x (yellow boundary)

x = 0.63y − 0.04 (white boundary)

y = 0.50 − 0.50x (blue boundary)

S14.4.1.4.2.5 Restricted Blue. The color of light emitted must fall within the following boundaries:

y = 0.07 + 0.81x (green boundary)

x = 0.40 − y (white boundary)

x = 0.13 + 0.60y (violet boundary)

S14.4.1.4.2.6 Signal Blue. The color of light emitted must fall within the following boundaries:

y = 0.32 (green boundary)

x = 0.16 (white boundary)

x = 0.40 − y (white boundary)

x = 0.13 + 0.60y (violet boundary)

S14.4.2 Plastic optical materials tests. Accelerated weathering procedures are not permitted.

S14.4.2.1 Samples.

S14.4.2.1.1 Samples of materials shall be injection molded into polished metal molds to

produce test specimens with two at and parallel faces. Alternative techniques may be used to

produce equivalent specimens.

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S14.4.2.1.2 Test specimens shape may vary, but each exposed surface must contain a

minimum uninterrupted area of 32 sq cm.

S14.4.2.1.3 Samples must be furnished in thicknesses of 1.6 ±0.25 mm, 2.3 ±0.25 mm, 3.2

±0.25 mm, and 6.4 ±0.25 mm.

S14.4.2.1.4 All samples must conform to the applicable color test requirement of this TSD

standard prior to testing.

S14.4.2.1.5 A control sample, kept properly protected from inuences which may change its

appearance and properties of each thickness, must be retained.

S14.4.2.2 Outdoor exposure test.

S14.4.2.2.1 Outdoor exposure tests of 3 years in duration must be made on samples of all

materials, including coated and uncoated versions, used for optical parts of devices covered by

this TSD standard. Tests are to be conducted in Florida and Arizona.

S14.4.2.2.2 Concentrations of polymer components and additives used in plastic materials

may be changed without outdoor exposure testing provided the changes are within the limits of

composition represented by higher and lower concentrations of these polymer components and

additives previously tested to this TSD section and found to meet its requirements.

S14.4.2.2.3 Procedure.

S14.4.2.2.3.1 One sample of each thickness of each material must be mounted at each

exposure site so that at least a minimum uninterrupted area of 32 sq cm of the exposed upper

surface of the sample is at an angle of 45° to the horizontal facing south. The sample must be

mounted in the open no closer than 30 cm (11.8 in) to its background.

S14.4.2.2.3.2 During the exposure time the samples must be cleaned once every three months

by washing with mild soap or detergent and water, and then rinsing with distilled water.

Rubbing must be avoided.

S14.4.2.2.4 Performance requirements. Plastic lenses, other than those incorporating reex

reectors, used for inner lenses or those covered by another material and not exposed directly

to sunlight must meet the optical material test requirements when covered by the outer lens or

other material.

S14.4.2.2.4.1 After completion of the outdoor exposure test the haze and loss of surface

luster as measured by ASTM D1003-92 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5) must not be

greater than:

(a) 30% for materials used for outer lenses, other than those incorporating reex reectors;

(b) 7% for materials used for reex reectors and lenses used in front of reex reectors.

S14.4.2.2.4.2 After completion of the outdoor exposure test materials used for headlamp

lenses must show no deterioration.

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S14.4.2.2.4.3 After completion of the outdoor exposure test all materials, when compared with

the unexposed control samples, must not show physical changes affecting performance such

as color bleeding, delamination, crazing, or cracking. Additionally materials used for reex

reectors and lenses used in front of reex reectors must not show surface deterioration or

dimensional changes.

S14.4.2.2.4.4 After completion of the outdoor exposure test all materials, when compared with

the unexposed control samples, must not have their luminous transmittance changed by more

than 25% when tested in accordance with ASTM E308-66 (incorporated by reference, § 571.5)

using CIE Illuminant A (2856K).

S14.4.2.2.4.5 After completion of the outdoor exposure test all materials must conform to the

color test of this TSD standard in the range of thickness stated by the material manufacturer.

S14.4.2.3 Heat test.

S14.4.2.3.1 Procedure. Two samples of each thickness of each material must be supported at

the bottom, with at least 51 mm of the sample above the support, in the vertical position in such

a manner that, on each side, the minimum uninterrupted area of exposed surface is not less than

3225 sq mm. The samples are placed in a circulating air oven at 79 ±3 °C for two hours.

S14.4.2.3.2 Performance requirements. After completion of the heat exposure and cooling

to room ambient temperature, a test specimen must show no change in shape and general

appearance discernable to the naked eye when compared with an unexposed specimen and

continue to conform to the applicable color test requirement of this TSD standard.

S14.5 Signal lamp and reective device physical test procedures

and performance requirements.

S14.5.1 Vibration test.

S14.5.1.1 Procedure. The sample device, as mounted on the support supplied, must be

bolted to the anvil end of the table of the vibration test machine of Figure 21 and vibrated

approximately 750 cpm through a distance of 3.175 mm (1/8 in.). The table must be spring

mounted at one end and tted with steel calks on the underside of the other end. The calks are

to make contact with the steel anvil once during each cycle at the completion of the fall. The

rack must be operated under a spring tension of 27 to 32 kg (60 to 70 lb.). The test must be

continued for 1 hour.

S14.5.1.2 Performance requirements. After completion of the vibration test a device showing

evidence of material physical weakness, lens or reector rotation, displacement or rupture of

parts except bulb failures, must be considered to have failed, providing that the rotation of lens

or reector must not be considered as a failure when tests show compliance with specications

despite such rotation.

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S14.5.2 Moisture test.

S14.5.2.1 Procedure. The sample device must be mounted in its normal operating position

with all drain holes open and subjected to a precipitation of 2.5 mm (0.1 in.) of water per

minute, delivered at an angle of 45° from a nozzle with a solid cone spray. During the test

the device must revolve about its vertical axis at a rate of 4 rpm for a period of 12 hours

followed by a one hour drain period where the device does not rotate and the spray stops. After

completion of the moisture test the device must be examined for moisture accumulation.

S14.5.2.2 Performance requirements. Accumulation of moisture in excess of 2 cc or any

visible moisture in a sealed reex unit must constitute a failure.

S14.5.3 Dust test.

S14.5.3.1 Samples. A sealed unit is not required to meet the requirements of this test.

S14.5.3.2 Procedure. The sample device with any drain hole closed must be mounted in its

normal operating position, at least 152 mm (6 in.) from the wall in a cubical box with inside

measurements of 914 mm (3 ft.) on each side containing 4.5 kg (10 lb.) of ne powered

cement in accordance with ASTM C150-56 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5).

At intervals of 15 minutes during a test period of 5 hours, the dust must be agitated by

compressed air or fan blower by projecting blasts of air for a 2 second period in a downward

direction into the dust in such a way that the dust is completely and uniformly diffused

throughout the entire cube and allowed to settle. After the completion of the dust test the

exterior surface of the device must be cleaned.

S14.5.3.3 Performance requirements. If after a photometry test the maximum photometric

intensity of the device is not more than 10% less than the maximum photometric intensity of

the same device after being cleaned both inside and outside, the device is considered to have

met the requirements of the dust test.

S14.5.4 Corrosion test.

S14.5.4.1 Procedure. The sample device must be subjected to a salt spray (fog) test in

accordance with the latest version of ASTM B117-73 (Reapproved 1979) (incorporated by

reference, see § 571.5), for a period of 50 hours, consisting of two periods of 24 hour exposure

followed by a 1 hr drying time.

S14.5.4.2 Performance requirements. After the completion of the corrosion test there must be

no evidence of excessive corrosion which would affect the proper function of the device.

S14.6 Headlamp physical test procedures and performance

requirements.

S14.6.1 Abrasion test.

S14.6.1.1 Procedure.

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S14.6.1.1.1 Abrading pad. A new, unused abrading pad constructed of 0000 steel wool not

less than 2.5 ±.1 cm wide, rubber cemented to a rigid base shaped to the same vertical contour

of the lens, is used for each test. The abrading pad support is equal in size to the pad and the

center of the support surface is within ±2 mm of parallel to the lens surface. The “grain” of

the pad is oriented perpendicular to the direction of motion. The density of the pad is such that

when the pad is resting unweighted on the lens, the base of the pad is no closer than 3.2 mm to

the lens at its closest point.

S14.6.1.1.2 Abrading pad alignment. A sample headlamp is mounted in the abrasion test

xture of Figure 5 with the lens facing upward. When mounted on its support and resting on the

lens of the test headlamp, the abrading pad is then weighted such that a pad pressure of 14 kPa

±1 kPa. exists at the center and perpendicular to the face of the lens.

S14.6.1.1.3 Abrasion test procedure. The pad is cycled back and forth (1 cycle) for 11 cycles

at 4 ±0.8 in (10 ±2 cm) per second over at least 80% of the lens surface, including all the area

between the upper and lower aiming pads, but not including lens trim rings and edges. A pivot

must be used if it is required to follow the contour of the lens.

S14.6.1.2 Performance requirements. After completion of the abrasion test the sample

headlamp must meet the requirements of the applicable photometry tests of Table XIX and

Table XVIII. A

⁄

° reaim is permitted in any direction at any test point.

S14.6.2 Chemical resistance test.

S14.6.2.1 Procedure.

S14.6.2.1.1 Test uids. The ve test uids used in the chemical resistance test include:

(a) ASTM Reference Fuel C, which is composed of Isooctane 50% volume and Toluene 50%

volume. Isooctane must conform to A2.7 in the ASTM Motor Fuels section (incorporated

by reference, see § 571.5), and Toluene must conform to ASTM D362-84 (incorporated by

reference, see § 571.5). ASTM Reference Fuel C must be used as specied in: Paragraph

A2.3.2 and A2.3.3 of the ASTM Motor Fuels section (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5);

and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standard 29 CFR 1910.106—

Handling Storage and Use of Flammable Combustible Liquids;

(b) Tar remover (consisting by volume of 45% xylene and 55% petroleum base mineral spirits);

on which the headlamp is intended to be installed);

(d) Windshield washer uid consisting of 0.5% monoethanolamine with the remainder 50%

concentration of methanol/distilled water by volume; and

(e) Antifreeze (50% concentration of ethylene glycol/distilled water by volume).

S14.6.2.1.2 Fluid application. The entire exterior lens surface of the sample headlamp

mounted in the headlamp test xture and top surface of the lens-reector joint is wiped once

to the left and once to the right with a 152mm (6inch) square soft cotton cloth (with pressure

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equally applied) which has been saturated once in a container with 59 ml (2 ounces) of ve

different test uids listed above. The lamp is wiped within 5 seconds after removal of the cloth

from the test uid. A new lamp sample may be used with each uid.

S14.6.2.1.3 Test duration. After the headlamp sample has been wiped with the test uid, it

must be stored in its designed operating attitude for 48 hours at a temperature of 23 °C ±4 °C

and a relative humidity of 30% ±10%. At the end of the 48-hour period, the headlamp is wiped

clean with a soft dry cotton cloth and visually inspected.

S14.6.2.2 Performance requirements. After completion of the chemical resistance test,

the sample headlamp must have no surface deterioration, coating delamination, fractures,

deterioration of bonding or sealing materials, color bleeding, or color pickup visible without

magnication and the headlamp must meet the requirements of the applicable photometry tests

of Table XIX and Table XVIII. A

⁄

° reaim is permitted in any direction at any test point.

S14.6.3 Corrosion test.

S14.6.3.1 Procedure. A sample headlamp, mounted on a headlamp test xture in designed

operating position and including all accessory equipment necessary to operate in its normal

manner, is subjected to a salt spray (fog) test in accordance with ASTM B117-73 (incorporated

by reference, § 571.5), for 50 total hours, consisting of two periods of 24 hours exposure

followed by a 1 hour drying period. If a portion of the device is completely protected in service,

that portion is covered to prevent salt fog entry during exposure. After removal from the salt

spray and the nal 1 hour drying period the sample headlamp is examined for corrosion that

affects any other applicable tests contained in S14.6. If such corrosion is found, the affected

test(s) must be performed on the corrosion sample and the results recorded.

S14.6.3.2 Performance requirements. After completion of the corrosion test, the sample

headlamp must not have any observed corrosion which would result in the failure of any other

applicable tests contained in S14.6 and no corrosion of the headlamp mounting and aiming

mechanism that would result in the failure of the aiming adjustment tests, inward force test, or

torque deection test of S14.6.

S14.6.4 Corrosion-connector test.

S14.6.4.1 Procedure.

S14.6.4.1.1 A headlamp connector test must be performed on each lament circuit of the

sample headlamp prior to the test in S14.6.4.1.2 according to Figure 4 and S14.6.15. The power

source is set to provide 12.8 volts and the resistance must be set to produce 10 amperes.

S14.6.4.1.2 The headlamp, with connector attached to the terminals, unxtured and in its

designed operating attitude with all drain holes, breathing devices or other designed openings in

their normal operating positions, is subjected to a salt spray (fog) test in accordance with ASTM

B117-73 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5), for 240 hours, consisting of ten successive

24-hour periods.

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S14.6.4.1.3 During each period, the headlamp is mounted in the middle of the chamber and

exposed for 23 hours to the salt spray. The spray is not activated during the 24th hour. The bulb

is removed from the headlamp and from the test chamber during the one hour of salt spray

deactivation and reinserted for the start of the next test period, at the end of the rst and last

three 23-hour periods of salt spray exposure, and at the end of any two of the fourth through

seventh 23-hour periods of salt-spray exposure.

S14.6.4.1.4 The test chamber is closed at all times except for a maximum of 2 minutes which

is allowed for removal or replacement of a bulb during each period.

S14.6.4.1.5 After the ten periods, the lens-reector unit without the bulb must be immersed in

deionized water for 5 minutes, then secured and allowed to dry by natural convection only.

S14.6.4.1.6 Using the voltage, resistance and pre-test set up of S14.6.4.1.1 the current in each

lament circuit must be measured after the test conducted in S14.6.4.1.2.

S14.6.4.2 Performance requirements.

S14.6.4.2.1 After the completion of the corrosion-connector test, the sample headlamp must

show no evidence of external or internal corrosion or rust visible without magnication.

S14.6.4.2.2 Loss of adhesion of any applied coating must not occur more than 3.2 mm from

any sharp edge on the inside or out.

S14.6.4.2.3 Corrosion may occur on terminals only if the test current produced during the test

of S14.6.4.1.6 is not less than 9.7 amperes.

S14.6.5 Dust test.

S14.6.5.1 Procedure.

S14.6.5.1.1 A sample headlamp, mounted on a headlamp test xture, with all drain holes,

breathing devices or other designed openings in their normal operating positions, is positioned

within a cubical box, with inside measurements of 900 mm on each side or larger if required

for adequate wall clearance ( i.e. , a distance of at least 150 mm between the headlamp and any

wall of the box).

S14.6.5.1.2 The box contains 4.5 kg of ne powdered cement which conforms to the ASTM

C150-77 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5). Every 15 minutes, the cement is agitated

by compressed air or fan blower(s) by projecting blasts of air for a two-second period in a

downward direction so that the cement is diffused as uniformly as possible throughout the

entire box.

S14.6.5.1.3 This test is continued for ve hours after which the exterior surfaces of the

headlamp are wiped clean.

S14.6.5.2 Performance requirements. After completion of the dust test, the sample headlamp

must meet the requirements of the applicable photometry tests of Table XIX and Table XVIII.

⁄

° reaim is permitted in any direction at any test point.

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S14.6.6 Temperature cycle test and internal heat test.

S14.6.6.1 Samples. A sample headlamp with one or more replaceable light sources is tested

according to the procedures of this TSD section for a temperature cycle test and an internal heat

test. The same sample headlamp is used in the temperature cycle test and then in the internal

heat test.

S14.6.6.2 General procedure.

S14.6.6.2.1 Tests are made with all laments lighted at design voltage that are intended to be

used simultaneously in the headlamp and which in combination draw the highest total wattage.

These include but are not limited to laments used for turn signal lamps, fog lamps, parking

lamps, and headlamp lower beams lighted with upper beams when the wiring harness is so

connected on the vehicle.

S14.6.6.2.2 If a turn signal is included in the headlamp assembly, it is operated at 90 ashes a

minute with a 75% ±2% current “on time.”

S14.6.6.2.3 If the lamp produces both the upper and lower beam, it is tested in both the upper

beam mode and the lower beam mode under the conditions above described, except for a

headlamp with a single type HB1 or type HB2 light source.

S14.6.6.3 Temperature cycle test.

S14.6.6.3.1 Procedure.

S14.6.6.3.1.1 A sample headlamp, mounted on a headlamp test xture, is subjected to 10

complete consecutive cycles having the thermal cycle prole shown in Figure 6.

S14.6.6.3.1.2 During the hot cycle, the lamp, is energized commencing at point “A” of Figure

6 and de-energized at point “B.”

S14.6.6.3.1.3 Separate or single test chambers may be used to generate the environment of

Figure 6.

S14.6.6.3.1.4 All drain holes, breathing devices or other openings or vents of the headlamps

are set in their normal operating positions.

S14.6.6.3.2 Performance requirements. After completion of the temperature cycle test, the

sample headlamp must:

(a) show no evidence of delamination, fractures, entry of moisture, or deterioration of bonding

material, color bleeding, warp or deformation visible without magnication;

(b) show no lens warpage greater than 3 mm when measured parallel to the optical axis at the

point of intersection of the axis of each light source with the exterior surface of the lens; and

⁄

° reaim is permitted in any direction at any test point.

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S14.6.6.4 Internal heat test.

S14.6.6.4.1 Procedure.

S14.6.6.4.1.1 A sample headlamp lens surface that would normally be exposed to road dirt is

uniformly sprayed with any appropriate mixture of dust and water or other materials to reduce

the photometric output at the H-V test point of the upper beam (or the

⁄

°D-1

⁄

°R test point of

the lower beam as applicable) to 25% ±2% of the output originally measured in the applicable

photometric compliance test.

S14.6.6.4.1.2 A headlamp with a single type HB1 or type HB2 light source is tested on the

upper beam only.

S14.6.6.4.1.3 Such reduction is determined under the same conditions as that of the original

photometric measurement.

S14.6.6.4.1.4 After the photometric output of the lamp has been reduced as specied above,

the sample lamp and its mounting hardware must be mounted in an environmental chamber in a

manner similar to that indicated in Figure 7 “Dirt/Ambient Test Setup.”

S14.6.6.4.1.5 The headlamp is soaked for one hour at a temperature of 35° + 4° − 0 °C) and

then the lamp is energized according to the procedure of this TSD section for one hour in a still

air condition, allowing the temperature to rise from the soak temperature.

S14.6.6.4.1.6 At the end of one hour the sample lamp is returned to a room ambient

temperature of 23° + 4° − 0 °C and a relative humidity of 30% ±10% and allowed to stabilize to

the room ambient temperature. The lens is then cleaned.

S14.6.6.4.2 Performance requirements. After completion of the temperature cycle test and

meeting its requirements, and completion of the internal heat test, the sample headlamp must:

(a) have no lens warpage greater than 3 mm when measured parallel to the optical axis at the

point of intersection of the axis of each light source with the exterior surface of the lens, and

(b) meet the requirements of the applicable photometry tests of Table XIX and Table XVIII.

⁄

° reaim is permitted in any direction at any test point.

S14.6.7 Humidity test.

S14.6.7.1 Procedure.

S14.6.7.1.1 The test xture consists of a horizontal steel plate to which three threaded steel or

aluminum rods of 13mm (

⁄

inch) diameter are screwed vertically behind the headlamp.

S14.6.7.1.2 The sample headlamp assembly is clamped to the vertical rods, which are behind

the headlamp. All attachments to the headlamp assembly are made behind the lens and vents or

openings, and are not within 51 mm (2 inches) laterally of a vent inlet or outlet.

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S14.6.7.1.3 The mounted headlamp assembly is oriented in its design operating position,

and is placed in a controlled environment at a temperature of 38° + 4° - 0°C (100° + 7° -0°F)

with a relative humidity of not less than 90%. All drain holes, breathing devices, and other

openings are set in their normal operation positions for all phases of the humidity test.

S14.6.7.1.4 The headlamp is subjected to 24 consecutive 3-hour test cycles. In each cycle, the

headlamp is energized for 1 hour at design voltage with the highest combination of lament

wattages that are intended to be used, and then de-energized for 2 hours. If the headlamp

incorporates a turn signal then the turn signal ashes at 90 ashes per minute with a 75% ±2%

current “on-time.”

S14.6.7.1.5 Within 3 minutes after the completion of the 24th cycle, the air ow test will begin.

The following procedure shall occur: the mounted assembly is removed, placed in an insulating

box and covered with foam material so that there is no visible air space around the assembly;

the box is closed, taken to the air ow test chamber, and placed within it. Inside the chamber, the

assembly with respect to the air ow, is oriented in its design operating position. The assembly

is positioned in the chamber so that the center of the lens is in the center of the opening of the air

ow entry duct during the test. The headlamp has at least 76 mm (3 inches) clearance on all sides,

and at least 102 mm (4 inches) to the entry and exit ducts at the closest points. If vent tubes are

used which extend below the lamp body, the 76 mm (3 inches) are measured from the bottom of

the vent tube or its protection. The temperature of the chamber is 23° +4° −0°C (73° +7° −0°F)

with a relative humidity of 30% + 10% − 0%. The headlamp is not energized.

S14.6.7.1.6 Before the test specied in paragraph S14.6.7.1.7 of this TSD section, the uniformity

of the air ow in the empty test chamber at a plane 102 mm (4 inches) downstream of the air entry

duct is measured over a 102 mm (4 inch) square grid. The uniformity of air ow at each grid point

is ±10% of the average air ow specied in paragraph S14.6.7.1.7 of this TSD section.

S14.6.7.1.7 The mounted assembly in the chamber is exposed, for one hour, to an average

air ow of 100 +0, 9 m/min (330 +0 −30 ft/min) as measured with an air velocity measuring

probe having an accuracy of ±3% in the 100m/min (330ft/min) range. The average air ow

is the average of the velocity recorded at six points around the perimeter of the lens. The six

points are determined as follows: At the center of the lens, construct a horizontal plane. The rst

two points are located in the plane, 25 mm (1 inch) outward from the intersection of the plane

and each edge of the lens. Then, trisect the distance between these two points and construct

longitudinal vertical planes at the two intermediate locations formed by the trisection. The four

remaining points are located in the vertical planes, 25 mm (one inch) above the top edge of the

lens, and 25 mm (one inch) below the bottom edge of the lens.

S14.6.7.1.8 After one hour, the headlamp is removed and inspected for moisture.

S14.6.7.2 Performance requirements . After completion of the humidity test, the sample

headlamp must show no evidence of interior delamination or moisture, fogging or condensation

visible without magnication.

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S14.6.8 Vibration test.

S14.6.8.1 Samples. The mounting bracket with a sample headlamp installed must not have a

resonant frequency in the 10-55 Hz. range.

S14.6.8.2 Procedure. The mounted sample headlamp is bolted to the anvil end of the table of

the vibration test machine of Figure 21 and vibrated 750 cpm through a distance of 3.175 mm

(1/8 in). The table is spring mounted at one end and tted with steel calks on the underside

of the other end. The table is of sufcient size to completely contain the test xture base with

no overhang. The calks are to make contact with the steel anvil once during each cycle at the

completion of the fall. The rack is operated under a spring tension of 27 to 32 kg (60 to 70 lb).

The vibration is applied in the vertical axis of the headlamp as mounted on the vehicle. Bulb

laments are not energized during the test. The test is continued for 1 hour.

S14.6.8.3 Performance requirements. After completion of the vibration test, there must be no

evidence of loose or broken parts, other than laments, visible without magnication.

S14.6.9 Sealing test .

S14.6.9.1 Procedure .

S14.6.9.1.1 An unxtured sample headlamp in its design mounting position is placed in water

at a temperature of 80° ± 3 °C (176° ± 5 °F) for one hour. The headlamp is energized in its

highest wattage mode, with the test voltage at 12.8 ± 0.1 V during immersion.

S14.6.9.1.2 The lamp is then de-energized and immediately submerged in its design mounting

position into water at 32° +5° −0 °F (0° +3° −0 °C). The water is in a pressurized vessel, and

the pressure is increased to 10 psi (70 kPa), upon placing the lamp in the water. The lamp must

remain in the pressurized vessel for a period of thirty minutes.

S14.6.9.1.3 This entire procedure is repeated for four cycles.

S14.6.9.1.4 Then the lamp is inspected for any signs of water on its interior. During the

high temperature portion of the cycles, the lamp is observed for signs of air escaping from

its interior.

S14.6.9.2 Performance requirements . After completion of the sealing test, a sample headlamp

conrmed to be sealed need not meet the corrosion test, dust test, or humidity test of this TSD

Section. If any water is on the interior or air escapes, the lamp is not a sealed lamp.

S14.6.10 Chemical resistance test of reectors of replaceable lens headlamps test .

S14.6.10.1 Procedure .

S14.6.10.1.

1 Test uids. The three test uids used in the chemical resistance test include;

(a) Tar remover (consisting by volume of 45% xylene and 55% petroleum base mineral spirits);

(b) Mineral spirits; and

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4.6.10.1.2 Fluid

application . With a sample headlamp in the headlamp test fixture and

the lens removed, the entire surface of the reflector that receives light from a headlamp light

source is wiped once to the left and once to the right with a 1

52 mm

(

inch) square soft

cotton cloth (with pressure equally applied) which has been saturated once in a container

with 5

mL (2 ounces) of one

of the test fluids listed in S14.6.10.1.1. The lamp is wiped

within 5 seconds

after removal of the cloth from the test fluid.

S14.6.10.1.3 Test duration. After the headlamp has been wiped with the test uid, it is stored

in its designed operating attitude for 48 hours at a temperature of 23° ±4 °C (73° ±7 °F) and a

relative humidity of 30% ±10%. At the end of the 48-hour period, the headlamp is wiped clean

with a soft dry cotton cloth and visually inspected.

S14.6.10.2 Performance requirements . After completion of the chemical resistance test,

the sample headlamp must have no surface deterioration, coating delamination, fractures,

deterioration of bonding or sealing materials, color bleeding or color pickup visible without

magnication and the headlamp must meet the requirements of the applicable photometry tests

of Table XIX and Table XVIII. A

⁄

° re-aim is permitted in any direction at any test point.

S14.6.11 Corrosion resistance test of reectors of replaceable lens headlamps test.

S14.6.11.1 Procedure.

S14.6.11.1.1 A sample headlamp with the lens removed, unxtured and in its designed

operating attitude with all drain holes, breathing devices or other designed openings in their

normal operating positions, must be subjected to a salt spray (fog) test in accordance with

ASTM B117-73, Method of Salt Spray (Fog) Testing (incorporated by reference, see 571.108

S5.2 of this title), for 24 hours, while mounted in the middle of the chamber.

S14.6.11.1.2 Afterwards, the headlamp must be stored in its designed operating attitude for

48 hours at a temperature of 23° ±4 °C (73° ±7 °F) and a relative humidity of 30% ±10%

and allowed to dry by natural convection only. At the end of the 48-hour period, the reector

must be cleaned according to the instructions supplied with the headlamp manufacturer’s

replacement lens, and inspected. The lens and seal must then be attached according to these

instructions and the headlamp tested for photometric performance.

S14.6.11.2 Performance requirements. After the completion of the corrosion test, the sample

headlamp must show no evidence of corrosion or rust visible without magnication on any part

of the headlamp reector that receives light from a headlamp light source, on any metal light

or heat shield assembly, or on a metal reector of any other lamp. The sample headlamp with

the replacement lens installed must meet the requirements of the applicable photometry tests of

Table XIX and Table XVIII. A

⁄

° re-aim is permitted in any direction at any test point.

S14.6.12 Inward force test.

S14.6.12.1 Procedure . A sample headlamp mechanism, including the aiming adjusters, must

be subjected to an inward force of 222 N directed normal to the headlamp aiming plane and

symmetrically about the center of the headlamp lens face.

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S14.6.12.2 Performance requirements. After the completion of the inward force test, a sample

headlamp must not permanently recede by more than 2.5 mm. The aim of the headlamp must

not permanently deviate by more than 3.2 mm at a distance of 7.6 m. The aim of any headlamp

that is capable of being mechanically aimed by externally applied aiming devices must not

change by more than 0.30°.

S14.6.13 Torque deection test.

S14.6.13.1 Procedure.

S14.6.13.1.1 The sample headlamp assembly is mounted in designed vehicle position and set

at nominal aim (H=0, V=0).

S14.6.13.1.2 A sealed beam headlamp, except Type G and Type H, is removed from its

mounting and replaced by the applicable deectometer. (Type C and Type D-Figure 18, Type A

and Type E-Figure 16, Type B-Figure 17, and Type F-Figure 14).

S14.6.13.1.3 Sealed beam headlamps Type G and Type H have the adapter of Figure 15 and

the deectometer of Figure 14 attached to the headlamp.

S14.6.13.1.4 A torque of 2.25 Nm must be applied to the headlamp assembly through the

deectometer and a reading on the thumbwheel is taken. The torque must be removed and a

second reading on the thumbwheel is taken.

S14.6.13.1.5 Headlamps other than sealed beam headlamps must have the downward force

used to create the torque applied parallel to the aiming reference plane, through the aiming

pads, and displaced forward using a lever arm such that the force is applied on an axis that

is perpendicular to the aiming reference plane and originates at the center of the aiming pad

pattern (see Figure 3).

S14.6.13.1.6 For headlamps using the aiming pad locations of Group I, the distance between

the point of application of force and the aiming reference plane is not less than 168.3 mm plus

the distance from the aiming reference plane to the secondary plane, if used.

S14.6.13.1.7 For headlamps using the aiming pad locations of Group II, the distance between

the point of application of force and the aiming reference plane is not less than 167.9 mm plus

the distance to the secondary plane, if used.

S14.6.13.1.8 For headlamps using the nonadjustable Headlamp Aiming Device Locating

Plates for the 146 mm diameter, the 176 mm diameter, and the 92x150 mm sealed beam, the

distance between the point of application of force and the aiming plane is not, respectively, less

than 177.4 mm, 176.2 mm, and 193.7 mm.

S14.6.13.2 Performance requirements. The aim of each sample headlamp must not deviate

more than 0.30° when the downward torque is removed.

S14.6.14 Retaining ring test .

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S14.6.14.1 Procedure . A sample headlamp with the minimum ange thickness of: Type

A-31.5 mm, Type B-10.1 mm, Type C-11.8 mm, Type D-11.8 mm, Type E-31.5 mm, and Type

F-8.6 mm, is secured between the appropriate mounting ring and retaining ring (mounting ring

and aiming ring for Type F).

S14.6.14.2 Performance requirements. The sample headlamp when secured per the procedure

must be held tight enough that it will not rattle.

S14.6.15 Headlamp connector test .

S14.6.15.1 Procedure. A sample headlamp connected into the test circuit of Figure 4 has the

power supply adjusted until 10 amperes DC are owing through the circuit. The test is repeated

for each lament circuit of the headlamp.

S14.6.15.2 Performance requirements. The voltage drop, as measured in the test circuit of

Figure 4, must not exceed 40 mv DC in any applicable lament circuit of the sample headlamp.

S14.6.16 Headlamp wattage test.

S14.6.16.1 Procedure. A sample headlamp that has been seasoned is energized so as to have

12.8v ±20 mv DC applied across each lament circuit and the current owing in each circuit is

measured.

S14.6.16.2 Performance requirements. The wattage of each lament circuit of the sample

headlamp must not exceed the applicable value for that type of headlamp as shown in Table II-a.

S14.6.17 Aiming adjustment test-laboratory .

S14.6.17.1 Procedure. A sample headlamp is mounted in design position at nominal (H = 0,

V = 0) aim with an accurate measuring device such as a spot projector or other equally accurate

means attached. The headlamp is adjusted to the extremes of travel in each horizontal and

vertical direction.

S14.6.17.2 Performance requirements. Visually aimed lower beam headlamps without a

VHAD are required not to have a horizontal adjustment mechanism and horizontal aim range

requirements do not apply.

S14.6.17.2.1 A sample sealed beam headlamp, other than a Type F, tested per the procedure

must provide a minimum of ±4.0° adjustment range in both the vertical and horizontal planes

and if equipped with independent vertical and horizontal aiming screws, the adjustment must

be such that neither the vertical nor horizontal aim must deviate more than 100 mm from

horizontal or vertical planes, respectively, at a distance of 7.6 m through an angle of ±4.0°.

S14.6.17.2.2 A sample Type F sealed beam, integral beam, replaceable bulb, or combination

headlamp tested per the procedure must provide a minimum of ±4.0° adjustment range in the

vertical plane and ±2.5° in the horizontal plane and if equipped with independent vertical and

horizontal aiming screws, the adjustment must be such that neither the vertical nor horizontal

aim must deviate more than 100 mm from horizontal or vertical planes, respectively, at a

distance of 7.6 m through an angle of ±2.5° and ±4.0°, respectively.

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S14.6.17.2.3 A sample headlamp that is aimed by moving the reector relative to the lens and

headlamp housing, and vice versa must provide a minimum adjustment range in the vertical

plane not less than the full range of the pitch on the vehicle on which it is installed and ±2.5° in

the horizontal plane.

S14.6.18 Aiming adjustment test-on vehicle.

S14.6.18.1 Procedure.

S14.6.18.1.1 A sample headlamp is mounted on the vehicle at nominal (H = 0, V = 0) aim with

an accurate measuring device such as a spot projector or other equally accurate means attached.

S14.6.18.1.2 The installed range of static pitch angle is, at a minimum, determined from

unloaded vehicle weight to gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR), and incorporates pitch

angle effects from maximum trailer or trunk loadings, the full range of tire intermix sizes and

suspensions recommended and/or installed by the vehicle manufacturer, and the anticipated

effects of variable passenger loading.

S14.6.18.1.3 The headlamp is adjusted to the extremes of travel in each horizontal and vertical

direction.

S14.6.18.2 Performance requirements.

S14.6.18.2.1 A sample headlamp tested per the procedure must provide a minimum vertical

adjustment range not less than the full range of pitch of the vehicle on which it is installed.

S14.6.18.2.2 The vertical aim mechanism must be continuously variable over the full range.

S14.6.18.2.3 The adjustment of one aim axis through its full on-vehicle range must not cause

the aim of the other axis to deviate more than ±0.76°. If this performance is not achievable,

the requirements of S10.18.3.1 apply, except that if the aiming mechanism is not a VHAD, the

requirements specic to VHADs are not applicable, and the instruction must be specic to the

aiming mechanism installed.

S14.7 Replaceable light source physical test procedures and

performance requirements.

S14.7.1 Deection test for replaceable light sources.

S14.7.1.1 Procedure.

S14.7.1.1.1 With the sample light source rigidly mounted in a xture in a manner indicated in

Figure 8, a force 17.8 ±0.4N (4.0 ±0.1 pounds) is applied at a distance “A” from the reference

plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the glass capsule and parallel to the smallest

dimension of the pressed glass capsule seal.

S14.7.1.1.2 The force is applied (using a rod with a hard rubber tip with a minimum spherical

radius of 1 mm [.039 in]) radially to the surface of the glass capsule in four locations in a

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plane parallel to the reference plane and spaced at a distance “A” from that plane. These force

applications are spaced 90° apart starting at the point perpendicular to the smallest dimension of

the pressed seal of the glass capsule.

S14.7.1.1.3. The bulb deection is measured at the glass capsule surface at 180° opposite to

the force application. Distance “A” for a replaceable light source other than an HB Type is the

dimension provided in accordance with appendix A of part 564 of this chapter, section I.A.1 if

the light source has a lower beam lament, or as specied in section I.B.1 if the light source has

only an upper beam lament.

S14.7.1.2 Performance requirements. After completion of the deection test, a sample light

source must have no permanent deection of the glass envelope exceeding 0.13 mm in the

direction of applied force.

S14.7.2 Pressure test for replaceable light sources.

S14.7.2.1 Procedure.

S14.7.2.1.1 The capsule, lead wires and/or terminals, and seal on each sample Type HB1, Type

HB3, Type HB4, and Type HB5 light source, and on any other replaceable light source which

uses a seal, is installed in a pressure chamber as shown in Figure 10 so as to provide an airtight

seal. The diameter of the aperture in Figure 10 on a replaceable light source (other than an HB

Type) must be that dimension furnished for such light source in compliance with appendix A or

appendix B of part 564 of this chapter.

S14.7.2.1.2 The light source is immersed in water for one minute while inserted in a

cylindrical aperture specied for the light source, and subjected to an air pressure of 70 KPa

(10 psig) on the glass capsule side.

S14.7.2.2 Performance requirements. After completion of the pressure test, the sample light

source with an airtight seal on the low pressure (connector side) must show no evidence of air

bubbles on that side.

S14.7.3 Replaceable light source power and ux measurement procedure . The measurement

of maximum power and luminous ux that is submitted in compliance with section VII of

appendix A of part 564 of this chapter, or section IV of appendix B of part 564 of this chapter, is

made in accordance with this paragraph.

S14.7.3.1 Seasoning. The lament or discharge arc is seasoned before measurement of either

maximum power and luminous ux.

S14.7.3.1.1 Resistive lament source. Seasoning of a light source with a resistive element type

lament is made in accordance with this S14.2.5.4 of this TSD standard.

S14.7.3.1.2 Discharge source. For a light source using excited gas mixtures as a lament

or discharge arc, seasoning of the light source system, including any ballast required for its

operation, is made in accordance with section 4.0 of SAE Recommended Practice J2009 (1993)

(incorporated by reference, see § 571.5).

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S14.7.3.2 Test voltage. Measurements are made with a direct current test voltage of 12.8 v

regulated within one quarter of one percent.

S14.7.3.3 Luminous ux measurement. The measurement of luminous ux is made in

accordance with IES LM 45 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5).

S14.7.3.3.1 Resistive lament light source setup. Luminous ux measurements are made

with the black cap installed on Type HB1, Type HB2, Type HB4, and Type HB5, and on

any other replaceable light source so designed; and is with the electrical conductor and light

source base shrouded with an opaque white cover, except for the portion normally located

within the interior of the lamp housing. The measurement of luminous ux for the Types

HB3 and HB4 is made with the base covered with a white cover as shown in the drawings for

Types HB3 and HB4 led in Docket No. NHTSA 98-3397, which may be consulted at the

following United States government Web site: www.regulations.gov/fdmspublic/component/

main?main=DocketDetail&d=NHTSA-1998-3397. The white covers are used to eliminate the

likelihood of incorrect lumen measurement that will occur should the reectance of the light

source base and electrical connector be low.

S14.7.3.3.2 Discharge light source setup. With the test voltage applied to the ballast input

terminals, the measurement of luminous ux is made with the black cap installed, if so

designed, and is made with an opaque white colored cover, except for the portion normally

located within the interior of the lamp housing.

S14.8 Vehicle headlamp aiming devices (VHAD) physical test

procedures and performance requirements.

S14.8.1 Samples. The same VHAD and associated headlamp(s) or headlamp assembly must

be rigidly mounted in a headlamp test xture with the aiming plane horizontal and vertical and

with the scale on the device set at 0.

S14.8.2 Scale graduation test.

S14.8.2.1 Procedure. Check each graduation on the horizontal and vertical aim scales.

S14.8.2.2 Performance requirements. Scale graduation from correct aim must not exceed

±0.2° horizontally and ±0.1° vertically.

S14.8.3 Cold scale graduation test.

S14.8.3.1 Procedure. The VHAD and an unlighted headlamp assembly must then be

stabilized at −7° ±3 °C in a circulating air environmental test chamber for a 30 minute

temperature soak.

S14.8.3.2 Performance requirements. After completion of a 30 minute temperature soak the

variation from correct aim shown by the sample VHAD must not exceed ±0.2° horizontally

and ±0.1° vertically.

S14.8.4 Hot scale graduation test.

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S14.8.4.1 Procedure. The VHAD and the headlamp assembly with its highest wattage

lament, or combination of laments intended to be used simultaneously, energized at its

design voltage, is then stabilized at 38° ±3 °C in a circulating air environmental test chamber

for a 30 minute temperature soak.

S14.8.4.2 Performance requirements. After completion of a 30 minute temperature soak the

variation from correct aim shown by the sample VHAD must not exceed ±0.2° horizontally and

±0.1° vertically.

S14.8.5 Thermal cycle test.

S14.8.5.1 Procedure. The VHAD and an unlighted headlamp assembly are then placed in a

circulating air environmental test chamber and exposed to a temperature of 60° ±3 °C for 24

hours, followed by a temperature of −40° ±3 °C for 24 hours, and are then permitted to return to

room temperature.

S14.8.5.2 Performance requirements. After completion of the thermal cycle test the variation

from correct aim shown by the sample VHAD must not exceed ±0.2° horizontally and ±0.1°

vertically and the VHAD and headlamp assembly must show no damage which would impair

its ability to perform as specied in this TSD standard.

S14.8.6 Corrosion test.

S14.8.6.1 Procedure. The VHAD and headlamp assembly are then tested according to the

headlamp corrosion test of S14.6.3.

S14.8.6.2 Performance requirements. After completion of the corrosion test the sample

VHAD and headlamp must not have any observed corrosion that would result in the failure of

any other applicable tests contained in this TSD section.

S14.8.7 Photometry test.

S14.8.7.1 Procedure. The VHAD and headlamp assembly are then tested for photometric

compliance according to the procedure of S14.2.5 and for replacement units per S10.18.8.4.

S14.8.7.2 Performance requirements. The sample headlamp must comply with the applicable

photometric requirements of Table XIX and Table XVIII and with replacement units installed

per S10.18.8.4.

S14.9 Associated equipment physical test procedures and

performance requirements.

S14.9.1 Turn signal operating unit durability test.

S14.9.1.1 Power supply specications. During the test, the unit is operated at 6.4 volts for

6 volt systems or 12.8 volts for 12 volt systems from a power supply meeting the following

requirements:

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(a) An output current that is at least 10 times the load current;

(b) Voltage regulation that allows a voltage change of less than 5%;

(d) A response time of not more than 25 milliseconds rise time from 0 to rated current at rated

voltage in a pure resistance circuit; and

(e) An output impedance of not more than 0.005 ohms dc.

S14.9.1.2 Procedure.

S14.9.1.2.1 The sample unit is operated with the maximum bulb load it will experience on

the vehicle on which it will be installed. Bulbs that fail during the test are replaced. The turn

signal asher is not to be included in the test circuit. When the unit includes a self-canceling

means, the test equipment is arranged so that the unit will be turned “off” in its normal

operating manner.

S14.9.1.2.2 The test is conducted at a rate not to exceed 15 complete cycles per minute.

One complete cycle consists of the following sequence: Off, left turn, off, right turn, and

return to off.

S14.9.1.2.3 The voltage drop from the input terminal of the device to each lamp output

terminal, including 76 mm (3 in) of 16 or 18 gage wire, is measured at the start of the test, at

intervals of not more than 25,000 cycles during the test, and at the completion of the test.

S14.9.1.3 Performance requirements.

S14.9.1.3.1 A turn signal operating unit is considered to have met the requirements of the

durability test if it remains operational after completing at least 100,000 cycles, and the voltage

drop between the input contact and any output contact, including required length of wire, does

not exceed 0.25 volts.

S14.9.1.3.2 A turn signal operating unit is considered to have met the requirements of the

durability test if it remains operational after completing at least 175,000 cycles for a unit

installed on a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, or bus 2032 mm or more in overall width,

and the voltage drop between the input contact and any output contact, including required

length of wire, does not exceed 0.25 volts.

S14.9.1.3.3 If stop signals also operate through the turn signal operating unit, the voltage drop

of any additional switch contacts must meet the same requirements as the turn signal contacts.

S14.9.2 Vehicular hazard warning signal operating unit durability test.

S14.9.2.1 Procedure.

S14.9.2.1.1 The sample unit is operated at its rated voltage with the maximum bulb load it

will experience on the vehicle on which it will be installed. Bulbs that fail during the test are

replaced. The hazard warning signal asher is not to be included in the test circuit.

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S14.9.2.1.2 The unit is turned “on” and “off” in its normal operating manner at a rate not to

exceed 15 complete cycles per minute. One complete cycle consists of the sequence: Off, on,

and return to off. The test consists of 10,000 cycles at an ambient temperature of 24° ± 6°C

(75° ± 10°F) followed by 1 hour constant “on” at the same temperature.

S14.9.2.1.3 The voltage drop from the input terminal of the device to each lamp output

terminal, including 76 mm (3 in) of 16 or 18 gage wire, is measured at the start of the test and at

the completion of the test.

S14.9.2.2 Performance requirements. A hazard warning signal operating unit is considered

to have met the requirements of the durability test if it remains operational after completing

10,000 cycles and the 1 hour constant “on” and the voltage drop between the input contact and

any output contact, including required length of wire, does not exceed 0.3 volts for either 6.4 or

12.8 line voltage both at the start and completion of the test.

S14.9.3 Turn signal asher and vehicular hazard warning signal asher tests.

S14.9.3.1 Standard test circuit. All turn signal asher and vehicular hazard warning signal

asher tests use the standard test circuit of Figure 22.

S14.9.3.1.1 Test circuit setup.

S14.9.3.1.1.1 The effective series resistance in the total circuit between the power supply and

the bulb sockets (excluding the asher and bulb load(s) using shorting bars) is 0.10 ±0.01 ohm.

S14.9.3.1.1.2 The circuit resistance at A-B of Figure 22 is measured with asher and bulb

load(s) each shorted out with an effective shunt resistance not to exceed 0.005 ohms.

S14.9.3.1.1.3 The voltage to the bulbs at C-D of Figure 22 is adjusted to 12.8 volts (or 6.4

volts) with the asher shorted out by an effective shunt resistance not to exceed 0.005 ohms.

The load current is adjusted by simultaneously adjusting trimmer resistors, R.

S14.9.3.1.1.4 For testing xed-load ashers at other required voltages, adjust the power

supply to provide required voltages, at the required temperatures, at C-D of Figure 22, without

readjustment of trimming resistors, R.

S14.9.3.1.1.5 For variable-load ashers, the circuit is rst adjusted for 12.8 volts (or 6.4

volts) at C-D of Figure 22, with the minimum required load, and the power supply is adjusted

to provide other required test voltages, at required temperatures, at C-D of Figure 22, without

readjustment of trimming resistors, R (each such required voltage being set with the minimum

required load in place). The required voltage tests with the maximum load are conducted

without readjusting each corresponding power supply voltage, previously set with minimum

bulb load.

S14.9.3.1.1.6 A suitable high impedance measuring device connected to points X-Y in Figure

22 is used for measuring ash rate, percent current “on” time, and voltage drop across the

asher. The measurement of these quantities does not affect the circuit.

Effective:

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S14.9.3.2 Power supply specications.

S14.9.3.2.1 Starting time, voltage drop, and ash rate and percent current “on” time tests.

The power supply used in the standard test circuit for conducting the starting time, the voltage

drop, and the ash rate and percent current “on” time tests must comply with the following

specications:

(a) Must not generate any adverse transients not present in motor vehicles;

(b) Be capable of supplying 11-16 vdc for 12 volt ashers and 5-9 vdc for 6 volt ashers to the

input terminals of the standard test circuit;

required by the design bulb load complement;

(d) Be capable of supplying an output voltage that does not deviate more than 2% with changes

in the static load from 0 to maximum (not including inrush current) nor for static input line

voltage variations;

(e) Be capable of supplying an output voltage that does not deviate more than 1.0 vdc from 0

to maximum load (including inrush current) and must recover 63% of its maximum excursion

within 100 µsec; and

(f) Have a ripple voltage of 75mv, peak to peak.

S14.9.3.2.2 Durability tests. The power supply used in the standard test circuit for conducting

durability tests must comply with the following specications:

(a) Must not generate any adverse transients not present in motor vehicles;

(b) Be capable of supplying 13 vdc and 14 vdc for 12 volt ashers and 6.5 vdc and 7 vdc for 6

volt ashers to the input terminals of the standard test circuit;

the number of ashers and inrush currents as required by the design bulb load complement;

(d) Be capable of supplying an output voltage that does not deviate more than 2% with changes

in the static load from 0 to maximum (not including inrush current) and means must be

provided to compensate for static input line voltage variations;

(e) Be capable of supplying an output voltage that does not deviate more than 1.0 vdc from 0

to maximum load (including inrush current) and must recover 63% of its maximum excursion

within 5 µsec; and

(f) Have a ripple voltage of 300 mv, peak to peak.

S14.9.3.3 Turn signal asher starting time test.

S14.9.3.3.1 Samples. Twenty sample ashers chosen from random from fty representative

samples are subjected to a starting time test using the standard test circuit.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S14.9.3.3.2 Procedure.

S14.9.3.3.2.1 The test is conducted in an ambient temperature of 24° ± 6°C (75° ± 10°F) with

the design load (variable load ashers are tested with their minimum and their maximum design

load) connected and the power source for the test circuit adjusted to apply design voltage at the

bulbs.

S14.9.3.3.2.2 The time measurement starts when the voltage is initially applied. Compliance is

based on an average of three starts for each sample separated by a cooling interval of 5 minutes.

S14.9.3.3.3 Performance requirements. The requirements of the starting time test are

considered to have been met if 17 of 20 samples comply with the following:

(a) A asher having normally closed contacts must open (turn off) within 1.0 second for a

device designed to operate two signal lamps, or within 1.25 seconds for a device designed to

operate more than two lamps, or

(b) A asher having normally open contacts must complete the rst cycle (close the contacts

and then open the contacts) within 1.5 seconds.

S14.9.3.4 Turn signal asher voltage drop test.

S14.9.3.4.1 Samples. The same twenty sample ashers used in the starting time test are

subjected to a voltage drop test using the standard test circuit.

S14.9.3.4.2 Procedure.

S14.9.3.4.2.1 The test is conducted in an ambient temperature of 24° ± 6°C (75° ± 10°F) with

the design load (variable load ashers are tested with their maximum design load) connected

and the power source for the standard test circuit adjusted to apply 12.8 volts or 6.4 volts at the

bulbs according to the asher rating.

S14.9.3.4.2.2 The voltage drop is measured between the input and load terminals of the asher

during the “on” period after the ashers have completed at least ve consecutive cycles.

S14.9.3.4.3 Performance requirements. The requirements of the voltage drop test are

considered to have been met if 17 of 20 samples comply with the lowest voltage drop across

any asher not exceeding 0.80 volt.

S14.9.3.5 Turn signal asher ash rate and percent current “on” time test.

S14.9.3.5.1 Samples. The same twenty sample ashers used in the voltage drop test are

subjected to a ash rate and percent of current “on” time test.

S14.9.3.5.2 Procedure.

S14.9.3.5.2.1 The test is conducted using the standard test circuit with the design load

(variable load ashers are tested with their minimum and their maximum design load)

connected and design voltage applied to the bulbs.

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February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S14.9.3.5.2.2 Compliance is determined using the following combinations of ambient

temperature and bulb voltage:

(a) 12.8 volts (or 6.4 volts) and

24° ± 6°C (75° ± 10°F),

(b) 12.0 volts (or 6.0 volts) and -18° ± 3°C (0° ± 5°F),

(d) 11.0 volts (or 5.5 volts) and

52° ± 3°C (125° ± 5°F), and

(e) 14.0 volts (or 7.0 volts) and 52° ± 3°C (125° ± 5°F).

S14.9.3.5.2.3 Flash rate and percent current “on” time are measured after the ashers

have completed ve consecutive cycles and are determined by an average of at least three

consecutive cycles.

S14.9.3.5.3 Performance requirements. The requirements of the ash rate and percent current

“on” time test are considered to have been met if 17 of 20 samples comply with the following:

(a) The performance of a normally closed type asher must be within the unshaded portion of

the polygon shown in Figure 2, or

(b) The performance of a normally open type asher must be within the entire rectangle

including the shaded areas shown in Figure 2.

S14.9.3.6 Turn signal asher durability test.

S14.9.3.6.1 Samples. Twenty sample ashers chosen from random from the thirty samples not

used in the previous tests are subjected to a durability test.

S14.9.3.6.2 Procedure.

S14.9.3.6.2.1 Conformance of the samples to the starting time, voltage drop, and ash rate

and percent of current “on” time tests (limited to the 12.8 volts or 6.4 volts and 24° ± 6°C

(75° ± 10°F) test condition only) is established.

S14.9.3.6.2.2 The test is conducted on each sample with the design load (variable load ashers

are tested with their maximum design load) connected and 14 volts or 7.0 volts, according to

the asher rating, applied to the input terminals of the standard test circuit.

S14.9.3.6.2.3 The test cycle consists of 15 seconds on followed by 15 seconds off for a total

time of 200 hours in an ambient temperature of 24° ± 6°C (75° ± 10°F).

S14.9.3.6.3 Performance requirements. The requirements of the durability test are considered to

have been met if, after completion, 17 of 20 samples comply with the performance requirements

of the starting time, voltage drop, and ash rate and percent of current “on” time tests (limited

to the 12.8 volts or 6.4 volts and 24° ± 6°C (75° ± 10°F) test condition only) when tested in the

standard test circuit with design load and 12.8 volts (or 6.4 volts) applied to the bulbs.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S14.9.3.7 Vehicular hazard warning signal asher starting time test.

S14.9.3.7.1 Samples. Twenty sample ashers chosen from random from fty representative

samples are subjected to a starting time test using the standard test circuit.

S14.9.3.7.2 Procedure.

S14.9.3.7.2.1 The test is conducted test in an ambient temperature of 24° ± 6°C (75° ± 10°F)

with the minimum and maximum load connected and the power source for the test circuit

adjusted to apply design voltage at the bulbs.

S14.9.3.7.2.2 The time measurement starts when the voltage is initially applied.

S14.9.3.7.3 Performance requirements. The requirements of the starting time test are

considered to have been met if 17 of 20 samples comply with the following:

(a) A asher having normally closed contacts must open (turn off) within 1.5 seconds after the

voltage is applied, or

(b) A asher having normally open contacts must complete the rst cycle (close the contacts

and then open the contacts) within 1.5 seconds after the voltage is applied.

S14.9.3.8 Vehicular hazard warning signal asher voltage drop test.

S14.9.3.8.1 Samples. The same twenty sample ashers used in the starting time test are

subjected to a voltage drop test using the standard test circuit.

S14.9.3.8.2 Procedure.

S14.9.3.8.2.1 The test is conducted in an ambient temperature of 24° ± 6°C (75° ± 10°F) with

the maximum design load connected and the power source for the test circuit adjusted to apply

design voltage at the bulbs.

S14.9.3.8.2.2 The voltage drop is measured between the input and load terminals of the asher

during the “on” period after the ashers have completed at least ve consecutive cycles.

S14.9.3.8.3 Performance requirements. The requirements of the voltage drop test are

considered to have been met if 17 of 20 samples comply with the lowest voltage drop across

any asher must not exceed 0.8 volt.

S14.9.3.9 Vehicular hazard warning signal asher ash rate and percent “on” time test.

S14.9.3.9.1 Samples. The same twenty sample ashers used in the voltage drop test are

subjected to a ash rate and percent of current “on” time test.

S14.9.3.9.2 Procedure.

S14.9.3.9.2.1 The test is conducted using the standard test circuit by and applying loads of

from two signal lamps to the maximum design loading including pilot indicator tell-tale.

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S14.9.3.9.2.2 Compliance is determined using the following combinations of ambient

temperature and bulb voltage:

(a) 12.8 volts (or 6.4 volts) and

24° ± 6°C (75° ± 10°F),

(b) 11.0 volts (or 5.5 volts) and 52° ± 3°C (125° ± 5°F),

(d) 13.0 volts (or 6.5 volts) and

52° ± 3°C (125° ± 5°F), and

(e) 13.0 volts (or 6.5 volts) and -18° ± 3°C (0° ± 5°F).

S14.9.3.9.2.3 Flash rate and percent current “on” time are measured after the ashers

have completed ve consecutive cycles and are determined by an average of at least three

consecutive cycles.

S14.9.3.9.3 Performance requirements. The requirements of the ash rate and percent current

“on” time test are considered to have been met if 17 of 20 samples comply with the following:

(a) The performance of a normally closed type asher must be within the unshaded portion of

the polygon shown in Figure 2, or

(b) The performance of a normally open type asher must be within the entire rectangle

including the shaded areas shown in Figure 2.

S14.9.3.10 Vehicular hazard warning signal asher durability test.

S14.9.3.10.1 Samples. Twenty sample ashers chosen from random from the thirty samples

not used in the previous tests are subjected to a durability test.

S14.9.3.10.2 Procedure.

S14.9.3.10.2.1 Conformance of the samples to the starting time, voltage drop, and ash rate

and percent of current “on” time tests (limited to the 12.8 volts or 6.4 volts and 24° ± 6°C

(75° ± 10°F) test condition only) is established.

S14.9.3.10.2.2 The test is conducted on each sample with the maximum design load connected

and 13.0 volts (or 6.5 volts) applied to the input terminals of the standard test circuit.

S14.9.3.10.2.3 The asher is subjected to continuous ashing for a total time of 36 hours in an

ambient temperature of 24° ± 6°C (75° ± 10°F).

S14.9.3.10.3 Performance requirements. The requirements of the durability test are

considered to have been met if, after completion, 17 of 20 samples comply with the

performance requirements of the starting time, voltage drop, and ash rate and percent of

current “on” time tests (limited to the 12.8 volts or 6.4 volts and 24° ± 6°C (75° ± 10°F)

test condition only) when tested in the standard test circuit with the power source adjusted to

provide design voltage to the bulbs and with a minimum load of two signal lamp bulbs and the

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

maximum design load, including pilot tell-tale lamps, as specied by the manufacturer at an

ambient temperature of 24° ± 6°C (75° ± 10°F).

S14.9.3.11 Semiautomatic headlamp beam switching device tests.

S14.9.3.11.1 Test conditions . All tests are conducted with 13 volts input to the device unless

otherwise specied.

S14.9.3.11.2 Sensitivity test .

S14.9.3.11.2.1 Samples . The sample device is mounted in and operated in the laboratory in

the same environment as that encountered on the vehicle, that is tinted glass, grille work, etc.

S14.9.3.11.2.2 Procedure .

S14.9.3.11.2.2.1 The sample device is adjusted for sensitivity in accordance with the

manufacturer’s instructions. It is exposed to a light source capable of providing a variable

intensity of at least 1.5 cd to 150 cd at 30.5 m (100 feet) from the sample device.

S14.9.3.11.2.2.2 The device is switched to the lower beam mode in accordance with the “dim”

limits specied and switched back to the upper beam mode in accordance with the “hold” limits

specied for the specied test positions.

S14.9.3.11.2.2.3 To provide more complete information on sensitivity throughout the

required vertical and horizontal angles, a set of constant footcandle curves are made at “dim”

sensitivities of 17, 25, and 100 cd at 30.5 m (100 ft).

S14.9.3.11.2.3 Performance requirements .

S14.9.3.11.2.3.1 Operating limits .

Test position

(degrees)

Dim

(cd at 30.5 m (100 ft))

Hold

(cd at 30.5 m (100 ft))

H V Adjust to 15 1.5 min to 3.75 max.

H 2L 25 max 1.5 min.

H 4L 40 max 1.5 min.

H 6L 75 max 1.5 min.

H 2R 25 max 1.5 min.

H 5R 150 max to 40 min 1.5 min.

1D V 30 max 1.5 min.

1U V 30 max 1.5 min.

S14.9.3.11.2.3.2 There must be no sensitivity voids shown in the constant footcandle curves

within the area limited by the test positions.

S14.9.3.11.3 Voltage regulation test .

Effective:

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S14.9.3.11.3.1 Procedure .

S14.9.3.11.3.1.1 The sensitivity of the sample device is adjusted so that it complies with the

sensitivity test.

S14.9.3.11.3.1.2 The “dim” sensitivity is measured at the H-V test position at 11 volts input to

the device and at 15 volts input to the device.

S14.9.3.11.3.2 Performance requirements . The device must switch to the lower beam mode

between 8 cd at 30.5 m (100 ft) and 25 cd at 30.5 m (100 ft) with the input voltage at 11 volts

and at 15 volts.

S14.9.3.11.4 Manual override test .

S14.9.3.11.4.1 Procedure .

S14.9.3.11.4.1.1 The sensitivity of the sample device is adjusted so that it complies with the

sensitivity test.

S14.9.3.11.4.1.2 The device is exposed to a test light that causes it to switch to the lower beam

mode.

S14.9.3.11.4.1.3 The manufacturer’s instructions are followed to cause the device to override

the test light and switch to upper beam.

S14.9.3.11.4.1.4 In a similar manner, the test light is extinguished to cause the device to switch

to the upper beam mode.

S14.9.3.11.4.1.5 Again the manufacturer’s instructions are followed to cause the device to

switch to lower beam.

S14.9.3.11.4.2 Performance requirements . The device, when operated in accordance with the

manufacturer’s instructions, must switch to the opposite beam with the test light energized and

with the test light extinguished.

S14.9.3.11.5 Warmup test .

S14.9.3.11.5.1 Procedure .

S14.9.3.11.5.1.1 The sensitivity of the sample device is adjusted so that it complies with the

sensitivity test and the test lamp extinguished.

S14.9.3.11.5.1.2 The test lamp will then be energized at a level of 25 cd at 30.5 m (100 ft) at

the H-V position of the device and the time for the device to switch to lower beam is measured.

S14.9.3.11.5.2 Performance requirements . If the warmup time of the device exceeds 10

seconds it shall maintain the headlamps on lower beam during warmup.

S14.9.3.11.6 Temperature test .

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S14.9.3.11.6.1 Procedure .

S14.9.3.11.6.1.1 The sample device is exposed for 1 hour in a temperature corresponding to

that at the device mounting location.

S14.9.3.11.6.1.2 For a device mounted in the passenger compartment or the engine

compartment, the temperature is 99°C (210°F), mounted elsewhere, the temperature is 66°C

(150°F).

S14.9.3.11.6.1.3 After this exposure the H-V “dim” sensitivity of the sample device is

measured over the temperature range of -34°C to 38°C (-30°F to 100°F).

S14.9.3.11.6.2 Performance requirements . The device must switch to the lower beam

mode between 8 cd at 30.5 m (100 ft) and 25 cd at 30.5 m (100 ft) over the temperature

range of -34°C to 38°C (-30°F to 100°F).

S14.9.3.11.7 Dust test .

S14.9.3.11.7.1 Procedure .

S14.9.3.11.7.1.1 The sensitivity of the sample device is adjusted so that it complies with the

sensitivity test.

S14.9.3.11.7.1.2 The device is then subjected to the dust test of S14.5.3.

S14.9.3.11.7.1.3 At the conclusion of the dust exposure the lens of the device must be wiped

clean and the H-V “dim” sensitivity of the sample device is measured.

S14.9.3.11.7.2 Performance requirements . The device must switch to the lower beam

mode between 8 cd at 30.5 m (100 ft) and 25 cd at 30.5 m (100 ft).

S14.9.3.11.8 Corrosion test .

S14.9.3.11.8.1 Procedure .

S14.9.3.11.8.1.1 The sensitivity of the sample device is adjusted so that it complies with the

sensitivity test.

S14.9.3.11.8.1.2 All system components located outside the passenger compartment must be

subjected to the corrosion test of S14.5.4 with the device not operating.

S14.9.3.11.8.1.3 Water is not permitted to accumulate on any connector socket.

S14.9.3.11.8.1.4 At the conclusion of the test the H-V “dim” sensitivity of the sample device

must be measured.

S14.9.3.11.8.2 Performance requirements . The sample device must switch to the lower

beam mode between 8 cd at 30.5 m (100 ft) and 25 cd at 30.5 m (100 ft).

S14.9.3.11.9 Vibration test .

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S14.9.3.11.9.1 Procedure.

S14.9.3.11.9.1.1 The sensitivity of the sample device is adjusted so that it complies with

the sensitivity test and the mechanical aim of the photo unit determined.

S14.9.3.11.9.1.2 The sample device must be mounted in proper vehicle position and subjected

to vibration of 5g constant acceleration for

⁄

hour in each of three directions: vertical;

horizontal and parallel to the vehicle longitudinal axis; and horizontal and normal to the vehicle

longitudinal axis.

S14.9.3.11.9.1.3 The vibration frequency must be varied from 30 to 200 and back to 30 cycles

per second over a period of approximately 1 minute.

S14.9.3.11.9.1.4 The device must be operating during the test.

S14.9.3.11.9.1.5 At the conclusion of the test the H-V “dim” sensitivity of the sample device

and the mechanical aim of the photo unit must be measured.

S14.9.3.11.9.2 Performance requirements .

S14.9.3.11.9.2.1 The sample device must switch to the lower beam mode between 8 cd at

30.5 m (100 ft) and 25 cd at 30.5 m (100 ft).

S14.9.3.11.9.2.2 The mechanical aim of the device photo unit must not have changed by

more than 0.25° from the initial value.

S14.9.3.11.10 Sunlight test .

S14.9.3.11.10.1 Procedure .

S14.9.3.11.10.1.1 The sample device must be exposed for 1 hour in bright noonday sunlight

(5000 fc minimum illumination with a clear sky) with the photo unit aimed as it would be in

service and facing an unobstructed portion of the horizon in the direction of the sun.

S14.9.3.11.10.1.2 The device must then be rested for 1 hour in normal room light at room

temperature and the H-V “dim” sensitivity of the sample device is measured.

S14.9.3.11.10.2 Performance requirements . The sample device must switch to the

lower beam mode between 8 cd at 30.5 m (100 ft) and 25 cd at 30.5 m (100 ft).

S14.9.3.11.11 Durability test .

S14.9.3.11.11.1 Procedure .

S14.9.3.11.11.1.1 The sensitivity of the sample device is adjusted so that it complies with the

sensitivity test.

S14.9.3.11.11.1.2 The device photo unit operated at a 13.0 input voltage on a cycle of 90

minutes on and 30 minutes off must be activated by a 60 cd light source at 30.5 m (100 ft), or

equivalent, which is cycled on and off 4 times per minute for a period of 200 hours.

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Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

S14.9.3.11.11.1.3 The device must then rest for 2 hours in a lighted area of 50 to 150 fc after

which the H-V “dim” sensitivity must be measured.

S14.9.3.11.11.2 Performance requirements . The sample device must switch to the lower

beam mode between 8 (cd at 30.5 m (100 ft)) and 25 (cd at 30.5 m (100 ft)).

S14.9.3.11.12 Return to upper beam test .

S14.9.3.11.12.1 Procedure .

S14.9.3.11.12.1.1 The sensitivity of the sample device is adjusted so that it complies with the

sensitivity test.

S14.9.3.11.12.1.2 The lens of the photo unit must be exposed to light of 100 fc for 10 seconds.

S14.9.3.11.12.2 Performance requirements . The sample device must switch to upper beam

mode within 2 seconds after the 100 fc light is extinguished.

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Table I-a—Required Lamps and Reective Devices

Lighting

device

Number and

color

Mounting

location

Mounting height Device activation

All Passenger Cars, Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles (MPV), Trucks, and Buses

Lower Beam

Headlamps

White, of a

headlighting

system listed in

Table II

On the front, at

the same height,

symmetrically about

the vertical centerline,

as far apart as

practicable

Not less than 22

inches (55.9 cm) nor

more than 54 inches

(137.2 cm)

The wiring harness or

connector assembly

of each headlighting

system must be designed

so that only those

light sources intended

for meeting lower

beam photometrics

are energized when

the beam selector

switch is in the lower

beam position, and

that only those light

sources intended for

meeting upper beam

photometrics are

energized when the

beam selector switch

is in the upper beam

position, except for

certain systems listed in

Table II.

Steady burning, except

that may be ashed for

signaling purposes.

Upper Beam

Headlamps

White, of a

headlighting

system listed in

Table II

On the front, at

the same height,

symmetrically about

the vertical centerline,

as far apart as

practicable

Not less than 22

inches (55.9 cm) nor

more than 54 inches

(137.2 cm)

—

Turn Signal

Lamps

2 Amber

At or near the front,

at the same height,

symmetrically about

the vertical centerline,

as far apart as

practicable

Not less than 380

mm (15 inches), nor

more than 2108 mm

(83 inches)

Flash when the turn

signal asher is actuated

by the turn signal

operating unit.

—

2 Amber or red

Truck tractor

exception, see

S6.1.1.3

On the rear, at

the same height,

symmetrically about

the vertical centerline,

as far apart as

practicable

— —

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Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Taillamps

2 Red

On the rear, at

the same height,

symmetrically about

the vertical centerline,

as far apart as

practicable

Not less than

380 mm (15 inches),

nor more than

1829 mm (72 inches)

Steady burning. Must

be activated when the

headlamps are activated

in a steady burning state

or the parking lamps

on passenger cars and

MPVs, trucks, and buses

less than 2032 mm (80

inches) in overall width

are activated.

May be activated when

the headlamps are

activated at less than

full intensity as Daytime

Running Lamps (DRL).

Stop Lamps

2 Red

On the rear, at

the same height,

symmetrically about

the vertical centerline,

as far apart as

practicable

Not less than

380 mm (15 inches),

nor more than

1829 mm (72 inches)

Steady burning.

Must be activated

upon application of the

service brakes. When

optically combined with

a turn signal lamp, the

circuit must be such that

the stop signal cannot

be activated if the turn

signal lamp is ashing.

May also be activated

by a device designed to

retard the motion of the

vehicle.

Side Marker

Lamps

2 Amber

On each side as far to

the front as practicable

Not less than

380 mm (15 inches)

Steady burning except

may be ashed for

signaling purposes.

Must be activated

when the headlamps

are activated in a

steady burning state

or the parking lamps

on passenger cars and

MPVs, trucks, and buses

less than 2032 mm

(80 inches) in overall

width are activated.

—

2 Red (not

required on

truck tractor).

On each side as far to

the rear as practicable

— —

17 The requirements for taillamps apply to motor tricycles as specied in paragraph 108(11)(c) of schedule IV

of the MVSR

18 See subsections 108(16), (18) and (19) of the MVSR for additional specications.

19 The requirements for stop lamps apply to motor tricycles as specied in paragraph 108(11)(c) of schedule IV

of the MVSR

20 See subsection 108(16) of the MVSR for additional specications.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Reex

Reectors

2 Amber

On each side as far to

the front as practicable

Not less than

380 mm (15 inches),

nor more than

1524 mm (60 inches)

Not applicable.

—

2 Red (not

required on

truck tractor).

On each side as far to

the rear as practicable

— —

— 2 Red

On the rear, at

the same height,

symmetrically about

the vertical centerline,

as far apart as

practicable

On a truck tractor

may be mounted on

the back of the cab

not less than 102 mm

(4 inches) above the

height of the rear tires.

— —

Backup Lamp

1 White

Additional

lamps permitted

to meet

requirements

On the rear No requirement

Steady burning.

Must be activated when

the ignition switch is

energized and reverse

gear is engaged.

Must not be energized

when the vehicle is in

forward motion.

License Plate

Lamp

1 White

Additional

lamps permitted

to meet

requirements

On the rear to

illuminate license plate

from top or sides

No requirement

Steady burning.

Must be activated when

the headlamps are

activated in a steady

burning state or when

the parking lamps on

passenger cars and

MPVs, trucks, and buses

less than 2032 mm

(80 inches) in overall

width are activated.

21 The requirements for reflex reflectors apply to motor tricycles as specified in paragraph 108(11)(c) of

schedule IV of the MVRS

22 See subsection 108(16) of schedule IV of the MVSR for additional specifications.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Additional Lamps Required on All Passenger Cars, and on Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles (MPV),

Trucks, and Buses, Less Than 2032 MM in Overall Width

Parking lamps

2 Amber or

white

On the front, at

the same height,

symmetrically about

the vertical centerline,

as far apart as

practicable

Not less than

380 mm (15 inches),

nor more than

1829 mm (72 inches)

Steady burning.

Must be activated when

the headlamps are

activated in a steady

burning state.

Additional Lamp(s) Required on All Passenger Cars, and on Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles (MPV),

Trucks, and Buses, Less Than 2032 MM in Overall Width and With a GVWR of 4536 kg (10,000 Lbs)

or Less

High mounted

stop lamp

1 Red, or 2

red where

exceptions

apply. See

Section 6.1.1.2

On the rear including

glazing, with the lamp

center on the vertical

centerline as viewed

from the rear

Not less than

864 mm (34 inches)

except for passenger

cars. See Section

6.1.4.1

Steady burning.

Must only be activated

upon application of the

service brakes or may

be activated by a device

designed to retard the

motion of the vehicle.

Additional Lamps and Reective Devices Required on All Passenger Cars, Multipurpose Passenger

Vehicles (MPV), Trucks, and Buses, 9.1 m (30 Feet) or Longer

Intermediate

side marker

lamps

2 Amber

On each side located

at or near the midpoint

between the front and

rear side marker lamps

Not less than

380 mm (15 inches)

Steady burning except

may be ashed for

signaling purposes.

Must be activated when

the headlamps are

activated in a steady

burning state or when

the parking lamps on

passenger cars and

MPVs, trucks, and buses

less than 2032 mm

(80 inches) in overall

width are activated.

Intermediate

side reex

reectors

2 Amber

On each side located

at or near the midpoint

between the front

and rear side reex

reectors

Not less than

380 mm (15 inches),

nor more than

1524 mm (60 inches)

Not applicable.

23 The requirements for parking lamps apply to motor tricycles as specied in paragraph 108(12)(a) of schedule

IV of the MVSR

24 See subsection 108(16) of schedule IV of the MVSR for additional specications.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Additional Lamps Required on All Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles (MPV), Trucks, and Buses, 2032

MM or More in Overall Width

Clearance

lamps

2 Amber

On the front to indicate

the overall width of

the vehicle, or width

of cab on truck tractor,

at the same height,

symmetrically about

the vertical centerline

May be located at a

location other than

the front if necessary

to indicate the overall

width of the vehicle,

or for protection from

damage during normal

operation of the

vehicle.

As near the top as

practicable

Steady burning.

—

2 Red

(not required on

truck tractor)

On the rear to indicate

the overall width of the

vehicle, at the same

height, symmetrically

about the vertical

centerline

May be located at a

location other than

the rear if necessary

to indicate the overall

width of the vehicle,

or for protection from

damage during normal

operation of the

vehicle.

As near the top as

practicable, except

where the rear

identication lamps

are mounted at the

extreme height of the

vehicle.

Practicability of

locating lamps on

the vehicle header is

presumed when the

header extends at

least 25 mm (1 inch)

above the rear doors.

Steady burning.

Identication

lamps

3 Amber

On the front, at the

same height, as close

as practicable to the

vertical centerline,

with lamp centers

spaced not less than

152 mm (6 inches) or

more than 300 mm

(12 inches) apart

As near the top of the

vehicle or top of the

cab as practicable

Steady burning.

—

3 Red (not

required on

truck tractor)

On the rear, at the

same height, as close

as practicable to the

vertical centerline, with

lamp centers spaced

not less than 152 mm

(6 inches) or more than

300 mm (12 inches)

apart

As near the top as

practicable

Practicability of

locating lamps on

the vehicle header is

presumed when the

header extends at least

25 mm (1 inch) above

the rear doors.

Steady burning.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Additional Lamps Required on All School Buses Except Multifunction School Activity Buses

Signal warning

lamps

2 Red plus 2

amber optional

On the front of the

cab as far apart as

practicable, but in no

case shall the spacing

between lamps be

less than 1016 mm

(40 inches) Amber

lamps, when installed,

at the same height as

and just inboard of the

red lamp.

As high as

practicable but at

least above the

windshield

Flashing alternately

between 60 to 120

cycles per minute, with

an activation period

sufcient to allow

the lamp to reach full

brightness, when actuated

by a manual switch.

Amber lamps, when

installed, may only be

activated by manual

or foot operation, and

must be automatically

deactivated and the

red lamps must be

automatically activated

when the bus entrance

door is opened.

—

2 Red plus 2

amber optional

On the rear cab as far

apart as practicable,

but in no case shall the

spacing between lamps

be less than 1016 mm

(40 inches) Amber

lamps, when installed,

at the same height as

and just inboard of the

red lamp.

As high as

practicable but at

least above the top

of any side window

opening

Flashing alternately

between 60 to 120

cycles per minute,

with an activation

period sufcient to

allow the lamp to reach

full brightness, when

actuated by a manual

switch.

Amber lamps, when

installed, may only be

activated by manual

or foot operation, and

must be automatically

deactivated and the

red lamps must be

automatically activated

when the bus entrance

door is opened.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Daytime Running Lamps Permitted But Not Required on Passenger Cars, Multipurpose Passenger

Vehicles (MPV), Trucks, and Buses

Daytime

running lamp

(DRL)

2 identically

colored either

white, white to

yellow, white

to selective

yellow,

selective

yellow, or

yellow

On the front,

symmetrically

disposed about the

vertical centerline if

not a pair of lamps

required by this TSD

standard or if not

optically combined

with a pair of lamps

required by this TSD

standard

Not more than

1.067 meters above

the road surface if

not a pair of lamps

required by this TSD

standard or if not

optically combined

with a pair of lamps

required by this TSD

standard

See S7.10.13(b) for

additional height

limitation.

Steady burning.

Automatically activated

as determined by the

vehicle manufacturer

and automatically

deactivated when the

headlamp control is in

any “on” position.

Each DRL optically

combined with a turn

signal lamp must

be automatically

deactivated as a DRL

when the turn signal

lamp or hazard warning

lamp is activated,

and automatically

reactivated as a DRL

when the turn signal

lamp or hazard warning

lamp is deactivated.

See S7.10.10.1(c) for

additional activation

requirements when

mounted close to, or

combined with, a turn

signal lamp.

25 See Schedule IV of the MVSR, subsections 108(25) to 108(30) for daytime running lamps requirements.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

Table I-b—Required Lamps and Reective Devices

Lighting device Number and color Mounting location Mounting height Device activation

ALL TRAILERS

Turn Signal Lamps 2 Red or amber

On the rear, at

the same height,

symmetrically

about the vertical

centerline, as far

apart as practicable

Not less than

380 mm

(15 inches), nor

more than 2108 mm

(83 inches)

Flash when the turn

signal asher is

actuated by the turn

signal operating

unit.

Taillamps

2 Red or 1 red on

trailers less than

762 mm (30 inches)

wide

On the rear, at

the same height,

symmetrically

about the vertical

centerline, as far

apart as practicable.

When a single lamp

is installed it must

be mounted at or

near the vertical

centerline

Not less than

380 mm

(15 inches), nor

more than 1829 mm

(72 inches)

Steady burning.

Stop Lamps

2 Red, or 1 red on

trailers less than

762 mm (30 inches)

wide

On the rear, at

the same height,

symmetrically

about the vertical

centerline, as far

apart as practicable.

When a single lamp

is installed it must

be mounted at or

near the vertical

centerline

Not less than

380 mm

(15 inches), nor

more than 1829 mm

(72 inches)

Steady burning.

Must be activated

upon application of

the service brakes.

When optically

combined with a

turn signal lamp,

the circuit must

be such that the

stop signal cannot

be activated if the

turn signal lamp is

ashing. May also

be activated by a

device designed to

retard the motion of

the vehicle.

Side Marker Lamps

2 Amber

None required on

trailers less than

1829 mm [6 ft]

in overall length

including the trailer

tongue

On each side as

far to the front

as practicable

exclusive of the

trailer tongue

Not less than

380 mm (15 inches)

Steady burning

except may be

ashed for signaling

purposes.

— 2 Red

On each side as

far to the rear as

practicable

Not less than

380 mm

(15 inches). Not

more than 1524 mm

(60 inches) on

trailers 2032 mm

or more in overall

width

—

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

100

Reex Reectors.

A trailer equipped

with a conspicuity

treatment in

conformance with

S8.2 of this TSD

standard need not

be equipped with

reex reectors

if the conspicuity

material is placed

at the locations of

the required reex

reectors

2 Amber

None required on

trailers less than

1829 mm [6 ft]

in overall length

including the trailer

tongue

On each side as

far to the front

as practicable

exclusive of the

trailer tongue

Not less than

380 mm

(15 inches), nor

more than 1524 mm

(60 inches)

Not applicable.

— 2 Red

On each side as

far to the rear as

practicable

— —

—

2 Red or 1 red on

trailers less than

762 mm (30 inches)

wide

On the rear, at

the same height,

symmetrically

about the vertical

centerline, as far

apart as practicable

When a single

reector is installed

it must be mounted

at or near the

vertical centerline.

— —

License Plate Lamp

1 White

Additional lamps

permitted to meet

requirements

On the rear to

illuminate license

plate from top or

sides

No requirement Steady burning.

Additional Lamps and Reective Devices Required on all Trailers 9.1 m (30 Feet) or Longer

Intermediate side

marker lamps

2 Amber

On each side

located at or near

the midpoint

between the front

and rear side marker

lamps

Not less than

380 mm (15 inches)

Steady burning

except may be

ashed for signaling

purposes.

Intermediate side

reex reectors

A trailer equipped

with a conspicuity

treatment in

conformance with

S8.2 of this TSD

standard need not

be equipped with

reex reectors

if the conspicuity

material is placed

at the locations of

the required reex

reectors

2 Amber

On each side

located at or near

the midpoint

between the front

and rear side reex

reectors

Not less than

380 mm

(15 inches), nor

more than 1524 mm

(60 inches)

Not applicable.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

101

Additional Lamps Required on all Trailers 2032 MM or More in Overall Width

Clearance lamps 2 Amber

On the front to

indicate the overall

width of the vehicle,

at the same height,

symmetrically

about the vertical

centerline

May be located at

a location other

than the front

if necessary to

indicate the overall

width of the vehicle,

or for protection

from damage during

normal operation of

the vehicle

As near the top as

practicable

Steady burning.

— 2 Red

On the rear to

indicate the overall

width of the vehicle,

at the same height,

symmetrically

about the vertical

centerline

May be located at a

location other than

the rear if necessary

to indicate the

overall width of

the vehicle, or for

protection from

damage during

normal operation of

the vehicle

As near the top as

practicable, except

where the rear

identication lamps

are mounted at the

extreme height

of the vehicle.

Practicability of

locating lamps on

the vehicle header

is presumed when

the header extends

at least 25 mm (1

inch) above the rear

doors

Steady burning.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

102

—

2 Amber to front

and red to rear

On a boat trailer

the requirement

for front and rear

clearance lamps

may be met by

installation at or

near the midpoint

on each side of a

dual facing lamp

so as to indicate

the extreme width.

May be located at a

location other than

the front and the

rear if necessary to

indicate the overall

width of the vehicle,

or for protection

from damage during

normal operation of

the vehicle

As near the top as

practicable

Steady burning.

Identication lamps 3 Red

On the rear, at the

same height, as

close as practicable

to the vertical

centerline, with

lamp centers

spaced not less than

152 mm (6 inches)

or more than

305 mm (12 inches)

apart

As near the top as

practicable

Practicability of

locating lamps on

the vehicle header

is presumed when

the header extends

at least 25 mm (1

inch) above the rear

doors

Steady burning.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

103

Table I-c—Required Lamps and Reective Devices

Lighting

device

Number and

color

Mounting location

Mounting

height

Device activation

All Motorcycles

Lower Beam

Headlamps

White, of a

headlighting

system listed in

S10.17

On the front, at the same

height, symmetrically

about the vertical

centerline, as far apart

as practicable. See

additional requirements

in S10.17.1.1, S10.17.1.2,

and S10.17.1.3

Not less than

22 inches

(55.9 cm) nor

more than 54

inches (137.2

cm)

The wiring harness or

connector assembly of

each headlighting system

must be designed so that

only those light sources

intended for meeting

lower beam photometrics

are energized when the

beam selector switch is in

the lower beam position,

and that only those light

sources intended for

meeting upper beam

photometrics are energized

when the beam selector

switch is in the upper

beam position, except for

certain systems listed in

Table II.

Upper Beam

Headlamps

White, of a

headlighting

system listed in

S10.17

On the front, at the same

height, symmetrically

about the vertical

centerline, as far apart

as practicable. See

additional requirements

in S10.17.1.1, S10.17.1.2,

and S10.17.1.3

Not less than

22 inches

(55.9 cm) nor

more than 54

inches (137.2

cm)

Steady burning, except

that may be ashed for

signaling purposes.

— — — —

The upper beam or the

lower beam, but not both,

may be wired to modulate

from a higher intensity

to a lower intensity in

accordance with S10.17.5

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

104

Turn Signal

Lamps

2 Amber. None

required on a

motor driven cycle

limited speed

motorcycle whose

speed attainable in

1.6 km (1 mile) is

48 km/h (30 mph)

or less

At or near the front,

at the same height,

symmetrically about

the vertical centerline,

and having a minimum

horizontal separation

distance (centerline

of lamps) of 406 mm

(16 inches). Minimum

edge to edge separation

distance between a

turn signal lamp and

headlamp is 102 mm (4

inches)

Not less than

380 mm (15

inches), nor

more than

2108 mm

(83 inches)

Flash when the turn signal

asher is actuated by the

turn signal operating unit.

—

2 Amber or red.

None required on

a motor driven

cycle limited

speed motorcycle

whose speed

attainable in

1.6 km (1 mile) is

48 km/h (30 mph)

or less

At or near the rear,

at the same height,

symmetrically about

the vertical centerline,

and having a minimum

horizontal separation

distance (centerline to

centerline of lamps) of

229 mm (9 inches)

— —

Minimum edge to edge

separation distance

between the turn signal

lamp and the taillamp

or stop lamp is 102 mm

(4 inches), when a single

stop and taillamp is

installed on the vertical

centerline and the turn

signal lamps are red

— —

Taillamps

1 Red

On the rear, on the

vertical centerline except

that if two are used, they

must be symmetrically

disposed about the

vertical centerline

Not less than

380 mm

(15 inches),

nor more than

1829 mm

(72 inches)

Steady burning.

— — — —

Must be activated when

the headlamps are

activated in a steady

burning state.

26 Taillamps described in Table I-a are required on motor tricycles as specied in paragraph 108(6)(e) of

schedule IV of the MVSR.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

105

Stop Lamps

1 Red

On the rear, on the

vertical centerline except

that if two are used, they

must be symmetrically

disposed about the

vertical centerline

Not less than

380 mm

(15 inches),

nor more than

1829 mm

(72 inches)

Steady burning.

— — — —

Must be activated upon

application of the service

brakes.

— — — —

When optically combined

with a turn signal lamp,

the circuit must be such

that the stop signal cannot

be activated if the turn

signal lamp is ashing.

May also be activated by a

device designed to retard

the motion of the vehicle.

Reex

Reectors

28, 29

2 Amber

On each side as far to the

front as practicable

Not less than

380 mm

(15 inches),

nor more than

1524 mm

(60 inches)

Not applicable.

— 2 Red

On each side as far to the

rear as practicable

— —

— 1 Red

On the rear, on the

vertical centerline except

that, if two are used on

the rear, they must be

symmetrically disposed

about the vertical

centerline

— —

License Plate

Lamp

1 White

On the rear to illuminate

license plate

requirement

Steady burning.

—

Additional lamps

permitted to meet

requirements

— —

Must be activated when

the headlamps are

activated in a steady

burning state.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

subparagraph108(15) of schedule IV of the MVSR

29 Reex reectors described in Table I-a are required on motor tricycles as specied in paragraph 108(11)(c) of

schedule IV of the MVSR.

27 Stop lamps described in Table I-a are required on motor tricycles as specied in paragraph 108(11)(c) of

schedule IV of the MVSR.

28 The requirements for reex reectors apply to restricted-use vehicles as specied in

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

106

Table II-a—Headlighting Systems - Sealed Beams

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

107

Table II-b—Headlighting Systems - Combination

System

designation

System composition

Photometry requirements reference

Table XVIII

Tables XIX-a, XIX-b,

XIX-c

Upper beam

mechanical and

visual aim

Lower

beam mech

aim

Lower

beam

visual aim

2 LAMP

SYSTEM

A COMBINATION OF TWO DIFFERENT

HEADLAMPS CHOSEN FROM; TYPE F,

AN INTEGRAL BEAM HEADLAMP, OR

A REPLACEABLE BULB HEADLAMP

UB2

(1)

LB2M

(1)

LB2V

(1)

4 LAMP

SYSTEM

ANY COMBINATION OF FOUR

DIFFERENT HEADLAMPS CHOSEN

FROM; TYPE F, AN INTEGRAL BEAM

HEADLAMP

(3)

, OR A REPLACEABLE

BULB HEADLAMP

UB1 LB1M

(2)

LB1V

(2)

(1)

Headlamps designed to conform to the photometry requirements of UB2 and LB2M or LB2V

may allow the lower beam light source(s) to remain activated when an upper beam light source

is activated if the lower beam light source(s) contribute to upper beam photometric compliance.

(2)

Lower beams may remain activated when upper beams are activated.

(3)

Beam contributor photometric allocation formula of S14.2.5.9 may apply.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

108

Table II-c—Headlighting Systems - Integral Beams

System designation Beam composition

Photometry requirements reference

Table XVIII Tables XIX-a, XIX-b, XIX-c

Upper beam

mechanical and

visual aim

Lower beam

mech aim

Lower beam

visual aim

2 LAMP SYSTEM

UPPER BEAM &

LOWER BEAM

UB2

(1)

OR UB3

LB2M

(1)

LB3M

LB2V

(1)

LB3V

4 LAMP SYSTEM UPPER BEAM UB4 N.A. N.A.

—

UPPER BEAM &

LOWER BEAM

UB5 LB4M LB2V

4 LAMP SYSTEM UPPER BEAM (U) UB1 N.A. N.A.

— LOWER BEAM (L)

N.A.

(2)

LB1M

(2)

LB1V

(2)

4 LAMP SYSTEM UPPER BEAM UB6 N.A. N.A.

— LOWER BEAM N.A.

(3)

LB5M

(3)

LB4V

(3)

BEAM

CONTRIBUTOR

UPPER BEAM &

LOWER BEAM

UB1

(4)

LB1M

(2)(4)

LB1V

(2)(4)

(1)

Headlamps designed to conform to the photometry requirements of UB2 and LB2M or LB2V

may allow the lower beam light source(s) to remain activated when an upper beam light source

is activated if the lower beam light source(s) contribute to upper beam photometric compliance.

(2)

Lower beams may remain activated when upper beams are activated.

(3)

Lower beams must remain activated when upper beams are activated.

(4)

Beam contributor photometric allocation formula of S14.2.5.9 applies.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

109

Table II-d—

Headlighting Systems - Replaceable Bulb

System

designation

Light source composition

Photometry requirements reference

Table XVIII Tables XIX-a, XIX-b, XIX-c

Upper beam

mechanical and

visual aim

Lower beam

mech aim

Lower beam

visual aim

2 LAMP

SYSTEM

ANY DUAL FILAMENT TYPE,

OTHER THAN HB2, USED ALONE

OR WITH ANOTHER DUAL

FILAMENT TYPE OTHER THAN

HB2

UB2

(1)

OR UB3

LB2M

(1)

LB3M

LB2V

(1)

LB3V

2 LAMP

SYSTEM

HB2 OR ANY SINGLE FILAMENT

TYPE USED ALONE OR WITH

ANY OTHER SINGLE OR DUAL

FILAMENT TYPE

UB2

(1)

OR UB3 LB2M

(1)

LB2V

(1)

4 LAMP

SYSTEM

ANY DUAL FILAMENT TYPE,

OTHER THAN HB2, USED ALONE

OR WITH ANOTHER DUAL

FILAMENT TYPE OTHER THAN

HB2

UB1

(2)

OR UB3

LB1M

(2)

LB3M

LB1V

(2)

LB3V

4 LAMP

SYSTEM

HB2 OR ANY SINGLE FILAMENT

TYPE USED ALONE OR WITH

ANY OTHER SINGLE OR DUAL

FILAMENT TYPE. (U & L)

UB1

(2)

LB1M

(2)

LB1V

(2)

(1)

Headlamps designed to conform to the photometry requirements of UB2 and LB2M or LB2V

may allow the lower beam light source(s) to remain activated when an upper beam light source

is activated if the lower beam light source(s) contribute to upper beam photometric compliance.

(2)

Lower beams may remain activated when upper beams are activated.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

110

Table III—Marking Requirements Location

Lamp, reective device, or other

component

Marking

location

Requirement

HEADLAMPS, BEAM CONTRIBUTORS, OR

HEADLAMP REPLACEABLE LENS

— — —

— “DOT”

Lens S6.5.1

— Optical axis marking See requirement S10.18.5

—

Manufacturer name

and/or trademark

Lens S6.5.3

— Voltage See

requirement S6.5.3

—

Part number or trade

number

See requirement S6.5.3

HEADLAMP REPLACEABLE LENS

Manufacturer

identication

Lens S6.5.3

—

Headlamp

identication

— —

REPLACEABLE BULB HEADLAMPS

“U” or “L” (4 lamp

system)

Lens S10.15.4

—

Replaceable bulb

type

Lens S6.5.3.4

SEALED BEAM HEADLAMPS “sealed beam” Lens S6.5.3.3

— Type designation

See

requirements

S6.5.3.3

INTEGRAL BEAM HEADLAMPS

“U” or “L” (4 lamp

system)

Lens S10.14.4

MOTORCYCLE REPLACEABLE BULB

HEADLAMPS

“motorcycle” Lens S10.17.2

VISUALLY/OPTICALLY AIMED

HEADLAMPS

“VOR” or “VOL” or

“VO”

Lens S10.18.9.6

EXTERNALLY AIMED HEADLAMPS

Aim pad location &

“H” or “V“

Lens S10.18.7.1

VEHICLE HEADLAMP AIMING DEVICES

(VHAD)

Aiming scale(s) See requirement S10.18.8

(HEADLAMP) REPLACEABLE LIGHT

SOURCES

“DOT” See requirement S11.1

—

Replaceable light

source designation

See requirement —

—

Manufacturer name

and/or trademark

See requirement —

REPLACEABLE LIGHT SOURCE BALLASTS

Manufacturer name

or logo

See requirement S11.2

— Part number — —

—

Light source

identication

— —

— Rated laboratory life

— —

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

111

Lamp, reective device, or other

component

Marking

location

Requirement

—

High voltage

warning

— —

—

Output in watts and

volts

— —

— “DOT”

— —

LAMPS (OTHER THAN HEADLAMPS),

REFLECTIVE DEVICES, AND ASSOCIATED

EQUIPMENT

“DOT” See requirement S6.5.1.2

DAYTIME RUNNING LAMPS (DRL) “DRL” Lens S6.5.2

CONSPICUITY REFLEX REFLECTORS “DOT-C”

Exposed

surface

S8.2.2.1

RETROREFLECTIVE SHEETING

“DOT-C2” or

“DOT-C3” or

“DOT-C4”

Exposed

surface

S8.2.1.3

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

112

Table IV-a—Effective Projected Luminous Lens Area

Requirements

Lighting

device

Passenger cars, multipurpose passenger

vehicles, trucks, trailers, and buses of less

than 2032 mm in overall width

minimum effective projected luminous lens

area (sq mm)

Multipurpose

passenger

vehicles,

trucks,

trailers, and

buses 2032

mm or more in

overall width

minimum

effective

projected

luminous lens

area each

lamp

(sq mm)

Motorcycles

minimum effective projected

luminous lens area (sq mm)

Single

compartment

lamp

Multiple compartment lamp

or multiple lamps

Multiple compartment lamp

or multiple lamps

Each

compartment

or lamp

Combined

compartments

or lamps

Each

compartment

or lamp

Single or

combined

compartments

or lamps

Front

turn

signal

lamp

2200 — 2200 7500 2200 2258

Rear

turn

signal

lamp

5000 2200 5000 7500 2200 2258

Stop

lamp

5000 2200 5000 7500 2200

5000

A motor driven cycle limited speed motorcycle whose speed attainable in 1.6 km (1 mile) is 48

km/h (30 mph) or less may be equipped with a stop lamp whose minimum effective projected

luminous lens area is not less than 2258 sq mm.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

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113

Table IV-b—Effective Projected Luminous Lens Area

Requirements

Lighting

device

Passenger cars, multipurpose passenger

vehicles, trucks, and buses of less than

2032 mm in overall width and with a

GVWR of 4536 kg (10,000 lbs) or less

using a single lamp minimum effective

projected luminous lens area (sq mm)

Multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and

buses of less than 2032 mm in overall width

and with a GVWR of 4536 kg (10,000 lbs)

or less using dual lamps of identical size and

shape minimum effective projected luminous

lens area each lamp (sq mm)

High-

mounted

stop lamp

2903 1452

Table IV-c—Effective Projected Luminous Lens Area

Requirements

Lighting device

School bus

minimum effective projected luminous lens area each lamp (sq mm)

School bus signal lamp 12,258

Table V-a—Visibility Requirements of Installed

Lighting Devices

Lighting

device

Required visibility

Backup lamp

Lamps must be mounted so that the optical center of at least one lamp is visible from any eye

point elevation from at least 1828 mm (6 ft) to 610 mm (2 ft) above the horizontal plane on

which the vehicle is standing; and from any position in the area, rearward of a vertical plane

perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, 914 mm (3 ft), to the rear of the vehicle

and extending 914 mm (3 ft) beyond each side of the vehicle.

High-

mounted

stop lamp

Signal must be visible to the rear through a horizontal angle from 45° to the left to 45° to

the right of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. (Single lamp or two lamps together where

required by S6.1.1.2 of this TSD standard).

School bus

signal lamp

Signal of front lamps to the front and rear lamps to the rear must be unobstructed within area

bounded by 5° up to 10° down and 30° left to 30° right.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

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114

Table V-b—Visibility Requirements of Installed

Lighting Devices - Lens Area Visibility Option

Lighting

device

Corner points

1 2

Required

visibility

— Motorcycle All other

Turn signal

lamp

15° UP-20° IB 15° UP-45° OB

15° UP-45°

Unobstructed

minimum

— 15° DOWN-20° IB

15° DOWN-45°

15° DOWN-

45° IB

15° DOWN-

45° OB

effective projected

Stop lamp

15° UP-45°

RIGHT

15° UP-45°

LEFT

15° UP-45°

luminous lens area

—

15° DOWN-45°

RIGHT

15° DOWN-45°

LEFT

15° DOWN-

45° IB

15° DOWN-

45° OB

of 1,250 sq mm in

any

Taillamp

15° UP-45°

RIGHT

15° UP-45°

LEFT

15° UP-45°

direction

throughout

—

15° DOWN-45°

RIGHT

15° DOWN-45°

LEFT

15° DOWN-

45° IB

15° DOWN-

45° OB

the pattern dened

Parking lamp No Requirement No Requirement

15° UP-45°

the specied corner

— No Requirement No Requirement

15° DOWN-

45° IB

15° DOWN-

45° OB

points.

IB indicates an inboard direction (toward the vehicle's longitudinal centerline) and OB

indicates an outboard direction.

Where a lamp is mounted with its axis of reference less than 750 mm above the road

surface, the vertical test point angles located below the horizontal plane subject to visibility

requirements may be reduced to 5° down.

Where more than one lamp or optical area is lighted at the front on each side of a multipurpose

passenger vehicle, truck, trailer, or bus, of 2032 mm or more overall width, only one such area

need comply.

If a multiple lamp arrangement is used for a motorcycle stop lamp, the inboard angle for each

lamp shall be 10 degrees.

If a multiple lamp arrangement is used for a motorcycle tail lamp, the inboard angle for each

lamp shall be 45 degrees.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

115

Table V-c—Visibility Requirements of Installed

Lighting Devices - Luminous Intensity Visibility

Option

Lighting

device

Corner points

1,2

Required visibility Minimum

luminous intensity in any

direction throughout the

pattern dened by the specied

corner points.

— Motorcycle All Other Candela

Turn signal

lamp

15° UP-20° IB 15° UP-80° OB

15° UP-

45° IB

15° UP-

80° OB

0.3

—

15° DOWN-

20° IB

15° DOWN-

80° OB

15°

DOWN-

45° IB

15°

DOWN-

80° OB

—

Stop lamp

15° UP-45°

RIGHT

15° UP-45°

LEFT

15° UP-

45° IB

15° UP-

45° OB

0.3

—

15° DOWN-45°

RIGHT

15° DOWN-

45° LEFT

15°

DOWN-

45° IB

15°

DOWN-

45° OB

—

Taillamp

15° UP-80°

RIGHT

15° UP-80°

LEFT

15° UP-

45° IB

15° UP-

80° OB

0.05

—

15° DOWN-80°

RIGHT

15° DOWN-

80° LEFT

15°

DOWN-

45° IB

15°

DOWN-

80° OB

—

Parking

lamp

Requirement

15° UP-

45° IB

15° UP-

80° OB

0.05

—

Requirement

15°

DOWN-

45° IB

15°

DOWN-

80° OB

—

IB indicates an inboard direction (toward the vehicle's longitudinal centerline) and OB

indicates an outboard direction.

Where a lamp is mounted with its axis of reference less than 750 mm above the road

surface, the vertical test point angles located below the horizontal plane subject to visibility

requirements may be reduced to 5° down

Inboard and outboard corner points are 80° for a single taillamp installed on a motorcycle

If a multiple lamp arrangement is used for a motorcycle stop lamp, the inboard angle for each

lamp shall be 10 degrees.

If a multiple lamp arrangement is used for a motorcycle tail lamp, the inboard angle for each

lamp shall be 45 degrees.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

116

Table V-d—Visibility Requirements of Installed

Lighting Devices (Legacy Visibility Alternative)

Lighting device Required visibility

Turn

signal

lamp

All passenger cars, multipurpose

passenger vehicles, trucks, buses,

motorcycles, and trailers of less

than 2032 mm overall width

Unobstructed minimum effective projected luminous lens

area of 1250 sq mm through horizontal angle of H-V to

H-45° OB.

—

All multipurpose passenger

vehicles, trucks, buses, and trailers

of 2032 mm or more overall width

Unobstructed minimum effective projected luminous lens

area of 1300 sq mm through horizontal angle of H-V to

H-45° OB. Where more than one lamp or optical area is

lighted on each side of the vehicle, only one such area on

each side need comply.

Stop lamp

Unobstructed minimum effective projected luminous lens

area of 1250 sq mm through horizontal angle of H-45° IB

to H-45° OB. Where more than one lamp or optical area is

lighted on each side of the vehicle, only one such area on

each side need comply.

Taillamp

Unobstructed minimum effective projected luminous lens

area of 1300 sq mm (2 sq in) through horizontal angle of

H-45° IB to H-45° OB. Where more than one lamp or optical

area is lighted on each side of the vehicle, only one such area

on each side need comply.

IB indicates an inboard direction (toward the vehicle's longitudinal centerline) and OB

indicates an outboard direction.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

117

Table VI-a—Front Turn Signal Lamp Photometry

Requirements

View or download PDF

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

118

Table VI-b—Front Turn Signal Lamp Photometry

Requirements

View or download PDF

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

119

Table VII—Rear Turn Signal Lamp Photometry

Requirements

View or download PDF

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

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120

Table VIII—Taillamp Photometry Requirements

Effective:

February 04, 2021

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121

Table IX—Stop Lamp Photometry Requirements

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

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122

Table X—Side Marker Lamp Photometry

Requirements

Test point

(degrees)

Minimum photometric intensity (cd)

(2)

red lamps

Minimum photometric intensity (cd)

(2)

amber lamps

10U: — —

45L

(1)

0.25 0.62

V 0.25 0.62

45R

(1)

0.25 0.62

H: — —

45L

(1)

0.25 0.62

V 0.25 0.62

45R

(1)

0.25 0.62

10D:

(3)

— —

45L

(1)

0.25 0.62

V 0.25 0.62

45R

(1)

0.25 0.62

(1)

Where a side marker lamp installed on a motor vehicle less than 9.1 m (30 feet) in overall

length has the lateral angle nearest the other required side marker lamp on the same side of

the vehicle reduced from 45° by design as specied by S7.4.13.2, the photometric intensity

measurement may be met at the lesser angle.

(2)

The photometric intensity values between test points must not be less than the lower specied

minimum value of the two closest adjacent test points on a horizontal or vertical line.

(3)

Where side marker lamps are mounted with their axis of reference less than 750 mm above

the road surface, photometry requirements below 5° down may be met at 5° down rather than at

the specied required downward angle.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

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123

Table XI—Clearance and Identication Lamps

Photometry Requirements

Test point

(degrees)

Minimum photometric

intensity (cd)

(2)

red lamps

Minimum photometric

intensity (cd)

(2)

amber lamps

10U:

— —

45L

(4)

0.25 0.62

V 0.25 0.62

45R

(4)

0.25 0.62

— —

45L

(4)

0.25 0.62

V 0.25 0.62

45R

(4)

0.25 0.62

10D:

(1)

— —

45L

(4)

0.25 0.62

V 0.25 0.62

45R

(4)

0.25 0.62

Maximum photometric

intensity

(3)

(cd) red lamps

—

(1)

Where clearance lamps or identication lamps are mounted with their axis of reference less

than 750mm above the road surface, photometry requirements below 5° down may be met at 5°

down rather than at the specied required downward angle.

(2)

The photometric intensity values between test points must not be less than the lower specied

minimum value of the two closest adjacent test points on a horizontal or vertical line.

(3)

When optically combined with a stop lamp or turn signal lamp, this maximum applies on or

above the horizontal.

(4)

Where clearance lamps are installed at locations other than on the front and rear due to the

necessity to indicate the overall width of the vehicle, or for protection from damage during

normal operation of the vehicle, they need not meet the photometric intensity requirement at

any test point that is 45° inboard.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

124

Table XII—Backup Lamp Photometry Requirements

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

125

Table XIII-a—Motorcycle Turn Signal Lamp

Alternative Photometry Requirements

View or download PDF

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

126

Table XIII-b—Motor Driven Cycle Limited Speed

Motorcycle Stop Lamp Alternative Photometry

Requirements

View or download PDF

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

127

Table XIV—Parking Lamp Photometry Requirements

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

128

Table XV—High Mounted Stop Lamp Photometry

Requirements

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

129

Table XVI-a—Reex Reector Photometry

Requirements

Observation

angle

(degrees)

Entrance

angle

(degrees)

Minimum performance

Red reectors Amber reectors White reectors

(cd/incident

ft-c)

(mcd/lux)

(cd/incident

ft-c)

(mcd/lux)

(cd/incident

ft-c)

(mcd/lux)

0.2 0 4.5 420 11.25 1050 18 1680

— 10U 3.0 280 7.5 700 12 1120

—

10D

(1)

3.0 280 7.5 700 12 1120

— 20L 1.5 140 3.75 350 6 560

— 20R 1.5 140 3.75 350 6 560

1.5 0 0.07 6 0.175 15 0.28 24

— 10U 0.05 5 0.125 12.5 0.2 20

—

10D

(1)

0.05 5 0.125 12.5 0.2 20

— 20L 0.03 3 0.075 7.5 0.12 12

— 20R 0.03 3 0.075 7.5 0.12 12

(1)

Where reex reectors are mounted with their axis of reference less than 750 mm above the

road surface, photometry requirements below 5° down may be met at 5° down rather than at the

required specied downward angle.

Table XVI-b—Additional Photometry Requirements

for Conspicuity Reex Reectors

Observation angle

(degrees)

Entrance

angle

(degrees)

Minimum performance

Red

(mcd/lux)

White horizontal

orientation

(mcd/lux)

White vertical

orientation

(mcd/lux)

0.2 0 300 1250 1680

— 20L TO 20R — — 560

— 30L TO 30R 300 1250 —

— 45L TO 45R 75 300 —

— 10U TO 10D 1120 — —

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

130

Table XVI-c—Retroreective Sheeting Photometry

Requirements

Observation

angle

(degrees)

Entrance

angle

(degrees)

Minimum performance

Grade dot-C2 Grade dot-C3 Grade dot-C4

White Red White Red White Red

(cd/lux/sq

0.2 −4 250 60 165 40 125 30

— 30 250 60 165 40 125 30

— 45 60 15 40 10 30 8

0.5 −4 65 15 43 10 33 8

— 30 65 15 43 10 33 8

— 45 15 4 10 3 8 2

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

131

Table XVII—School Bus Signal Lamp Photometry

Requirements

Test point

(degrees)

Minimum photometric intensity (cd)

(2)

red

lamps

Minimum photometric intensity (cd)

amber lamps

5U: — —

20L 150 375

10L 300 750

5L 300 750

V 300 750

5R 300 750

10R 300 750

20R 150 375

H: — —

30L 30 75

20L 180 450

10L 400 1000

5L 500 1250

V 600 1500

5R 500 1250

10R 400 1000

20R 180 450

30R 30 75

5D: — —

30L 30 75

20L 200 500

10L 300 750

5L 450 1125

V 450 1125

5R 450 1125

10R 300 750

20R 200 500

30R 30 75

10D:

(1)

— —

5L 40 100

V 40 100

5R 40 100

(1)

Where school bus signal lamps are mounted with their axis of reference less than 750 mm

above the road surface, photometry requirements below 5° down may be met at 5° down rather

than at the specied required downward angle.

(2)

The photometric intensity values between test points must not be less than the lower specied

minimum value of the two closest adjacent test points on a horizontal or vertical line.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

132

Table XVIII—Headlamp Upper Beam Photometry

Requirements

View or download PDF

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

133

Table XIX-a—Headlamp Lower Beam Photometry

Requirements

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

134

Table XIX-b—Headlamp Lower Beam Photometry

Requirements

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

135

Table XIX-c—Headlamp Lower Beam Photometry

Requirements

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

136

Table XX—Motorcycle and Motor Driven

Cycle Limited Speed Motorcycle Photometry

Requirements

View or download PDF

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

137

Figure 1—Chromaticity Diagram

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Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

138

Figure 2—Flasher Performance Chart

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Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

139

Figure 3—Replaceable Bulb Headlamp Aim Pads

View or download PDF

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

140

Figure 4—Headlamp Connector Test Setup

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Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

141

Figure 5—Headlamp Abrasion Test Fixture

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Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

142

Figure 6—Thermal Cycle Prole

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Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

143

Figure 7—Dirt / Ambient Test Setup

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Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

144

Figure 8—Replaceable Light Source Deection

Test Setup

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Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

145

Figure 9—Environmental Test Prole

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Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

146

Figure 10—Replaceable Light Source Pressure Test

Setup

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Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

147

Figure 11—Trailer Conspicuity Treatment Examples

View or download PDF

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

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148

Figure 12-1—Trailer Conspicuity Detail I

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Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

149

Figure 12-2—Trailer Conspicuity Detail II

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TSD No. 108, Revision 7

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Figure 13—Tractor Conspicuity Treatment Examples

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February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

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151

Figure 14 — Type F: Headlamp Aim Deection Test

Setup

[CONTENT NOT REPRODUCED]

See SAE J1383, June 1990, Figure 7, for the applicable drawing.

Figure 15 — Types G and H: Headlamp Aim

Deection Test Setup

[CONTENT NOT REPRODUCED]

See SAE J1383, June 1990, Figure 8, for the applicable drawing.

Figure 16 — Types A and E: Headlamp Aim

Deection Test Setup

[CONTENT NOT REPRODUCED]

See SAE J1383, June 1990, Figure 5, for the applicable drawing.

Figure 17 — Type B: Headlamp Aim Deection Test

Setup

[CONTENT NOT REPRODUCED]

See SAE J1383, June 1990, Figure 6, for the applicable drawing.

Figure 18 — Types C and D: Headlamp Aim

Deection Test Setup

[CONTENT NOT REPRODUCED]

See SAE J1383, June 1990, Figure 4, for the applicable drawing.

Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

152

Figure 19—License Plate Lamp Target Locations

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February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

153

Figure 20—License Plate Lamp Measurement of

Incident Light Angle

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Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

154

Figure 21—Vibration Test Machine

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Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7

Lamps, Reective Devices, and Associated Equipment

155

Figure 22—Flasher Standard Test Circuit

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Effective:

February 04, 2021

TSD No. 108, Revision 7