An Open Letter to the Signers of
“Climate Change: An Evangelical Call to Action”
and Others Concerned About Global Warming
“They only asked us to remember the poor–the very thing I was eager to do.”
–The Apostle Paul, Galatians 2:10
Widespread media reports tell of a scientific consensus that:
the world is presently experiencing unprecedented global warming;
the main cause of it is rising atmospheric carbon dioxide because of human use of fossil fuels for
energy; and
the consequences of continuing this pattern will include (1) rising sea levels that could inundate
highly populated and often poor low-lying lands, (2) more frequent deadly heat waves, droughts, and
other extreme weather events, (3) increased tropical diseases in warming temperate regions, and (4)
more frequent and intense hurricanes.
Recently eighty-six evangelical pastors, college presidents, mission heads, and other leaders signed
“Climate Change: An Evangelical Call to Action,” under the auspices of the Evangelical Climate
Initiative. The document calls on the federal government to pass national legislation requiring sufficient
reductions in carbon dioxide emissions to fight global warming and argues that these are necessary to
protect the poor from its harmful effects.
In light of all this, many people are puzzled by the Interfaith Stewardship Alliance’s opposition to such
calls. Do we not care about the prospect of catastrophic global warming? Do we not care that with rising
temperatures the polar ice caps will melt, and the sea will inundate low island countries and coastal
regions? Do we not care that the world’s poor might be most hurt by these things?
Yes, we care. But we also believe, with economist Walter Williams, that “truly compassionate policy
requires dispassionate analysis.” That is the very motive for our opposing drastic steps to prevent global
warming. In short, we have the same motive proclaimed by the Evangelical Climate Initiative in its “Call
to Action.”
But motive and reason are not the same thing. It matters little how well we mean, if what we do actually
harms those we intend to help.
That is why we take the positions we do. In the accompanying document, “A Call to Truth, Prudence,
2
and Protection of the Poor: An Evangelical Response to Global Warming,” we present extensive
evidence and argument against the extent, the significance, and perhaps the existence of the much-touted
scientific consensus on catastrophic human-induced global warming. Further, good science–like truth–is
not about counting votes but about empirical evidence and valid arguments. Therefore we also present
data, arguments, and sources favoring a different perspective:
Foreseeable global warming will have moderate and mixed (not only harmful but also helpful), not
catastrophic, consequences for humanity–including the poor–and the rest of the world’s inhabitants.
Natural causes may account for a large part, perhaps the majority, of the global warming in both the
last thirty and the last one hundred fifty years, which together constitute an episode in the natural
rising and falling cycles of global average temperature. Human emissions of carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gases are probably a minor and possibly an insignificant contributor to its causes.
Reducing carbon dioxide emissions would have at most an insignificant impact on the quantity and
duration of global warming and would not significantly reduce alleged harmful effects.
Government-mandated carbon dioxide emissions reductions not only would not significantly curtail
global warming or reduce its harmful effects but also would cause greater harm than good to
humanity–especially the poor–while offering virtually no benefit to the rest of the world’s
inhabitants.
In light of all the above, the most prudent response is not to try (almost certainly unsuccessfully and
at enormous cost) to prevent or reduce whatever slight warming might really occur. It is instead to
prepare to adapt by fostering means that will effectively protect humanity–especially the poor–not
only from whatever harms might be anticipated from global warming but also from harms that might
be fostered by other types of catastrophes, natural or manmade.
We believe the harm caused by mandated reductions in energy consumption in the quixotic quest to
reduce global warming will far exceed its benefits. Reducing energy consumption will require
significantly increasing the costs of energy–whether through taxation or by restricting supplies. Because
energy is a vital component in producing all goods and services people need, raising its costs means
raising other prices, too. For wealthy people, this might require some adjustments in consumption
patterns–inconvenient and disappointing, perhaps, but not devastating. But for the world’s two billion or
more poor people, who can barely afford sufficient food, clothing, and shelter to sustain life, and who
are without electricity and the refrigeration, cooking, light, heat, and air conditioning it can provide, it
can mean the difference between life and death.
Along with all the benefits we derive from economic use of energy, another consideration–a
Biblical/theological one–points in the same direction. The stewardship God gave to human beings over
the earth–to cultivate and guard the garden (Genesis 2:15) and to fill, subdue, and rule the whole earth
(Genesis 1:28)–strongly suggests that caring for human needs is compatible with caring for the earth. As
theologian Wayne Grudem put it, “It does not seem likely to me that God would set up the world to
work in such a way that human beings would eventually destroy the earth by doing such ordinary and
morally good and necessary things as breathing, building a fire to cook or keep warm, burning fuel to
travel, or using energy for a refrigerator to preserve food.”
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Whether or not global warming is largely natural, (1) human efforts to stop it are largely futile; (2)
whatever efforts we undertake to stem our small contributions to it would needlessly divert resources
from much more beneficial uses; and (3) adaptation strategies for whatever slight warming does occur
are much more sensible than costly but futile prevention strategies. Therefore, we believe it is far wiser
to promote economic growth, partly through keeping energy inexpensive, than to fight against potential
global warming and thus slow economic growth. And there is a side benefit, too: wealthier societies are
better able and more willing to spend to protect and improve the natural environment than poorer
societies. Our policy, therefore, is better not only for humanity but also for the rest of the planet.
We recognize that reasonable people can disagree with our understanding of the science and economics.
But this is indeed our understanding.
Please join us in endorsing “A Call to Truth, Prudence, and Protection of the Poor: An Evangelical
Response to Global Warming” (http://www.cornwallalliance.org/docs/Call_to_Truth.pdf). To do so,
send an e-mail with your name, degree(s) (with subject, level, and granting institution), professional title,
professional affiliation (for identification purposes only), mailing address, e-mail address, and (for
verification) phone number to Stewards@CornwallAlliance.org. If you have questions, please e-mail the
same address.
Endorsers of
“A Call to Truth, Prudence, and Protection of the Poor:
An Evangelical Response to Global Warming”
(Updated April 15, 2009)
(Organizational affiliations are for identification only and do not imply organizational endorsement.)
Adel Abadeer, Ph.D., Associate Professor of
Economics, Calvin College, Grand Rapids, MI
Sheila Prabhakar Abraham, Ph.D., Assistant
Professor of Biology, Southeastern University,
Lakeland, FL
Michael H. Albrecht, M.S., President, Sierra
Resource Management, Inc.; Registered
Professional Forester; Sonora, CA
Randy Alcorn, D.D., Director, Eternal Perspective
Ministries
Gregg R. Allison, Ph.D., Associate Professor of
Christian Theology, The Southern Baptist
Theological Seminary
William L. Anderson, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of
Economics, Frostburg State University, Frostburg,
MD
Rev. Bruce R. Backensto, Ph.D. (Cand.)., Co-
Pastor, Geneva Reformed Presbyterian Church,
Beaver Falls, PA
Ted Baehr, President, Christian Film and
Television Commission, Camarillo, CA
Howard A. Ball, Director of ChurchLIFE, a
ministry of Campus Crusade for Christ, Orlando,
FL
Doug Bandow, Vice President of Policy, Citizen
Outreach, Springfield, VA
David Barton, Founder and President,
WallBuilders, Aleda, TX
Michael Bauman, Professor of Theology and
Culture, Director of Christian Studies, Hillsdale
College, Hillsdale, MI
4
E. Calvin Beisner, Ph.D., Ministerial Assistant,
Holy Trinity Presbyterian Church, Broward
County, FL; National Spokesman, Cornwall
Alliance for the Stewardship of Creation
Peggy S. Birchfield, Executive Director, Religious
Freedom Action Coalition, Washington, D.C.
Paul C. Boling, Ph.D., Professor of Philosophy and
Christian Thought, Chairman of Christian Studies
Division, Bryan College, Dayton, TN
Bishop Wellington Boone, Founder and Chief
*
Overseer, Fellowship of International Churches,
Atlanta, Georgia
Rev. James A. Borland, Ph.D., Professor of New
Testament and Theology, Liberty University,
Lynchburg, VA
Mark Brandly, Ph.D., Associate Professor of
Economics, Ferris State University, Big Rapids,
MI
Stephen T. Butzen, M.S., Agronomy Information
Manager, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc.,
Ankeny, IA
Scott Carpenter, M.S., M.Div., Structural Analyst,
Pro Source, Inc., Newport Beach, CA
D. A. Carson, Ph.D., Research Professor of New
Testament, Trinity Evangelical Divinity School,
Deerfield, IL
Gary Cass, D.Min., Executive Director, Center for
Reclaiming America for Christ, Ft. Lauderdale, FL
Kent A. Chambers Ph.D., Assistant Professor of
Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hardin
Simmons University, Abilene, TX
Richard C. Chewning, Ph.D., Emeritus Professor
of Christian Ethics, Baylor University, Waco, TX,
and Distinguished Scholar in Residence, John
Brown University, Siloam Springs, AR
Kenneth W. Chilton, Ph.D., Director, Institute for
the Study of Economics and the Environment,
Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO
Charles Clough, M.S. (Atmospheric Science),
Th.D., retired meteorologist, Bel Aire, MD; former
pastor of Lubbock Bible Church, Lubbock, TX
Michael Cromartie, Vice President, Ethics and
Public Policy Center, Washington, D.C.
L. Anthony Curto, D.Min., Associate Professor of
Practical Theology, Greenville Presbyterian
Theological Seminary, Taylors, SC
Dr. Robert A. Demick, Deacon, First Presbyterian
Church (PCA), Coral Springs/Margate, Coral
Springs, FL
David Dilley, M.S., Meteorologist/Climatologist,
President and Founder, Global Weather
Oscillations, Ocala, FL
Charles A. Donovan, Executive Vice President,
Family Research Council, Washington, D.C.
Brian Douglas, M.Div., Deacon, Covenant
Presbyterian Church, Wilton Manors, FL; Ph.D.
(cand.), University of Sussex, Sussex, England
Barrett Duke, Ph.D., Vice President for Public
Policy and Research, Ethics and Religious Liberty
Commission, Southern Baptist Convention,
Washington, D.C.
Rev. Charles H. Dunahoo, D.Min., Coordinator,
Christian Education and Publications Committee of
the Presbyterian Church in America,
Lawrenceville, GA
Rev. Clint Dunham, B.S., Air Force Chaplain
Assistant, Martinsburg, WV
Art Eberle, President, Compliance Assurance
Associates, Inc. (industrial pollution control
consulting engineer), Bartlett, TN
Reginald E. Ecarma, Ph.D., Associate Professor,
Mass Communication and Political Science, North
Greenville University, Greenville, SC
John Eidsmoe, Lt. Colonel, USAFR (Ret.),
Professor of Law Emeritus, Thomas Goode Jones
School of Law, Montgomery, AL; Senior Staff
Attorney, Alabama Supreme Court
Former signer of the Evangelical Climate Initiative.
*
5
Gordon Evans, M.S., Environmental Manager,
The Texas A&M University System, College
Station, TX
William B. Evans, Ph.D., Younts Professor of
Bible and Religion, Erskine College, Due West, SC
Bryan Fischer, Th.M., Executive Director, Idaho,
Values Alliance, Boise, ID
Neil L. Frank, Ph.D. (Meteorology), former
Director, National Hurricane Center; chief
meteorologist, KHOU-TV, Houston, TX (CBS
affiliate)
Rev. Warren A. Gage, Ph.D., Associate Professor
of Old Testament, Knox Theological Seminary, Ft.
Lauderdale, FL
Victor Goldschmidt, Emeritus Professor of
Mechanical Engineering, Purdue, University, West
Lafayette, IN
Alan Gomes, Ph.D., Professor and Chair,
Department of Theology, Talbot School of
Theology (Biola University), La Mirada, CA
Guillermo Gonzalez, Ph.D., Department of Physics
and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
Rev. George Grant, Ph.D., Pastor, Christ
Community Church; Founder, King’s Meadow
Study Center; President, Franklin Classical School,
Nashville, TN
Gary O. Gray, Ph.D., Professor of Chemistry,
Wayland Baptist University, Plainview, TX
Rev. Wayne Grudem, Ph.D., Research Professor of
Bible and Theology, Phoenix Seminary, Phoenix,
AZ
Rev. David Hall, Ph.D., Senior Pastor, Midway
Presbyterian Church, Powder Springs, GA
Rev. Paul G. Hamm, S.T.D., retired Library
Director, Golden Gate Baptist Theological
Seminary, Mill Valley, CA
Jesse Harlan, MBA, Senior Business Analyst,
Baltimore Gas & Electric; Aberdeen, MD
Rev. Steve Hartland, Pastor, Trinity Reformed
Baptist Church, Joppa, MD
James C. Hassinger, Ph.D. (in progress),
Operations Research and Systems Analyst, St.
Charles, MO
Daniel R. Heimbach, Ph.D., Professor of Christian
Ethics, Southeastern Baptist Theological
Seminary, Wake Forest, NC
Rev. Stephen Henderson, Th.M., Pastor, Germany
The Honorable Donald Paul Hodel, J. D., currently
member of the Board of Trustees of the North
American Electric Reliability Council; formerly: U.
S. Secretary of Energy, U. S. Secretary of the
Interior, Under Secretary of the Interior,
Administrator and Deputy Administrator of the
Bonneville Power Administration, member of the
Board of Directors and member of the Advisory
Board of the Electric Power Research Institute,
President of Christian Coalition, President of Focus
on the Family
Rev. H. Wayne House, Ph.D., Distinguished
Research Professor of Biblical and Theological
Studies, Faith Evangelical Seminary, Tacoma, WA
and Salem, OR, and Adjunct Professor of Law,
Trinity Law School, Trinity International
University, Santa Ana, CA
Rev. Irfon Hughes, Pastor, Hillcrest Presbyterian
Church, Volant, PA
Charles W. Jarvis, President and CEO, USA Next,
United Seniors Association, Purcellville, VA;
former Deputy Undersecretary (No. 3) at
Department of the Interior, former Executive Vice
President, Focus on the Family
Rev. Gary Johnson, Ph.D., Senior Pastor, Church
of the Redeemer, Mesa, AZ
Jerry Johnson, M.A.C.S., M.Phil., Director, The
Apologetics Group, Draper, VA
Rev. Peter Jones, Ph.D., Director, Christian
Witness to a Pagan Planet, Adjunct Professor and
Scholar in Residence, Westminster Theological
Seminary, Escondido, CA
James B. Jordan, D. Litt, Dean of Biblical Studies,
Biblical Theological Seminary, St. Petersburg,
Russia
6
J. C. Keister, Ph.D., Research Specialist, 3M
Corporation, Lakeville, MN
Rev. Lane Keister, Pastor (PCA), serving
congregations of the Christian Reformed Church
and the Reformed Church of America, Hull, ND
Kelvin Kemm, Ph.D. (Nuclear Physics), CEO,
Stratek Business Strategy Consultants, Pretoria,
South Africa
_Rev. D. James Kennedy, Ph.D., Senior Minister,
Coral Ridge Presbyterian Church, Fort Lauderdale,
FL; host, Truths That Transform; founder,
Evangelism Explosion, Coral Ridge Ministries,
Coral Ridge Media, D. James Kennedy Center for
Christian Statesmanship
Scott Kirsch, Ph.D. (Climatology), M.D.,
Physician, Savannah, TN
Scott Klusendorf, President, Life Training Institute,
Colorado Springs, CO
Henry Krabbendam, Th.D., Professor of Biblical
Studies, Covenant College, Lookout Mountain,
GA, and Chairman, Africa Christian Training
Institute, Uganda
Rev. Sam Lamerson, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of
New Testament, Knox Theological Seminary, Ft.
Lauderdale, FL
David R. Legates, Ph.D. (Climatology), Associate
Professor and Director, Center for Climatic
Research, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
Kevin Lewis, J.D., Assistant Professor of Theology
and Law, Biola University, La Mirada, CA
Stephen Livesay, Ph.D., President, Bryan College,
Dayton, TN
Robert Lundgren, D.Min., Pastor, Cedar Grove
Church and Christian Academy, Philadelphia, PA
Jeffrey A. Mahn, Principal Member, Technical
Staff, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque,
NM
Ronald C. Marks, Ph.D., Associate Professor of
Chemistry, North Greenville University, Tigerville,
South Carolina
Patrick J. Marx, Director, Compass Advisory
Partners, LLC, Pittsburgh, PA
Raymond K. Mason, Forest Land Manager
(Ret’d.), U.S. Forest Service and Florida Division
of Forestry; Fellow and Fifty-year Member,
Society of American Foresters, Havana, FL
Donald P. Mathison, M.S., Systems Management,
Retired; Lacey, WA
Rev. Donald G. Matzat, Pastor, Zion Lutheran
Church (LCMS), Bridgeville, PA; former host of
radio show Issues, Etc., St. Louis, MO
Gregory W. McCall, M.S., Senior Engineer,
American Electric Power, Hilliard, OH
Rev. J. Paul McCracken, retired pastor, Reformed
Presbyterian Church, North America
Dr. Ross McKitrick, Ph.D., Associate Professor
and Director of Graduate Studies in Economics,
University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada; expert
reviewer, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) Working Group 1
Rev. LeRoy E. Miller, Pastor, Faith Orthodox
Presbyterian Church, Lincoln, NE
Tracy C. Miller, Ph.D., Associate Professor of
Economics, Grove City College, Grove City, PA
Rev. Dr. Troy Milliken, Ph.D., Professor of
Chemistry, Jackson State University, Clinton, MS
C. Ben Mitchell, Ph.D., Associate Professor of
Bioethics & Contemporary Culture, Trinity
Evangelical Divinity School, Deerfield, Illinois;
Director, M.A. Program in Communication and
Culture; Editor, Ethics & Medicine: An
International Journal of Bioethics
Garry J. Moes, Director, Murphys Christian Camp,
Former Writer/Editor, The Associated Press,
Murphys, CA
Russell D. Moore, Ph.D., Senior Vice President
for Academic Administration, Dean, School of
Theology, Southern Baptist Theological
Seminary; Executive Director, Carl F. H. Henry
Institute for Evangelical Engagement, Louisville,
KY
7
Terry Mortenson, Ph.D., Researcher and Writer,
Answers in Genesis, Hebron, KY
William J. Murray, Chairman, Religious Freedom
Coalition, Washington, D.C.
Jeffrey L. Myers, Ph.D., Associate Professor of
Communications, Bryan College, Dayton, TN
Barry Napier, Ph.D., Pastor, Manselton Church,
Swansea, UK; author, The Green Agenda:
Environmentalism–the Rebirth of Marxism-
Fascism
Dean Nelson, Executive Director, Network of
Politically Active Christians (a division of
Wellington Boone Ministries), Washington, D.C.
Gary Nelson, Senior Pastor, Scottsdale Vineyard
Christian Fellowship, Scottsdale, AZ
Jerry Newcombe, Senior Producer, Coral Ridge
Ministries TV, Ft. Lauderdale, FL
Michael J. Nichols, CEP, President, M.J. Nichols
and Associates, LLC (Environmental Consulting),
West Palm Beach, FL
David Noebel, Ph.D. (cand.), President, Summit
Ministries, Manitou Springs, CO
Michael Oard, M.S., retired National Weather
Service Forecaster, Bozeman, MT
Rev. Chris O’Brien, Pastor, Third Reformed
Presbyterian Church (PCA), Philadelphia, PA
Rev. Jerry O’Neill, D.D., President, Reformed
Presbyterian Theological Seminary, Pittsburgh,
PA
Douglas B. Ostien, M.S. (Mathematics), St.
Charles, MO
Mario Ferdinand A. Pasion, Supervising
Legislative Staff Officer I, Committee on
Appropriations, House of Representatives,
Republic of the Philippines
Gretchen Passantino, M.Div., Director, Answers
in Action, Costa Mesa, CA, and Adjunct
Professor, Faith Evangelical Lutheran Seminary,
Tacoma, WA
Franklin E. (Ed) Payne, M.D., (Ret.), Associate
Professor, Medical College of Georgia, Founder
and Editor, Journal of Biblical Ethics in Medicine;
Augusta, GA
Eric Pement, Vice President, Evangelical
Ministries to New Religions, Chicago, IL
Tony Perkins, President, Family Research
Council, Washington, D.C.
Rev. Richard D. Phillips, Senior Pastor, First
Presbyterian Church, Coral Springs/Margate, FL;
Director, Philadelphia Conference on Reformed
Theology; board member, Alliance of Confessing
Evangelicals
Rev. Joseph A. Pipa, Jr., Ph.D., President and
Professor of Systematic Theology, Greenville
Presbyterian Theological Seminary, Greenville,
SC
Rev. W. Duncan Rankin, Ph.D., Minister,
Covenant Presbyterian Church, Oak Ridge, TN,
and Adjunct Professor of Theology, Reformed
Theological Seminary, Jackson, MS
Lawrence W. Reed, M.A., Ph.D. (Honorary),
President, Foundation for Economic Education,
Irvington-on-Hudson, NY
Rev. Robert L. Reymond, Ph.D., Regular Supply
Pastor, Holy Trinity Presbyterian Church,
Broward County, FL; Former Professor of
Systematic Theology, Covenant Theological
Seminary, St. Louis, MO, and Knox Theological
Seminary, Ft. Lauderdale, FL
Jay W. Richards, Ph.D., Research Fellow, Acton
Institute, Grand Rapids, MI
Bonnie Ricks, C.C.C., President, Dogwood
Ministries, Big Sandy, TN
David Ridenour, Vice President, National Center
for Public Policy Research, Washington, D.C.
Gregory J. Rummo, M.S., M.B.A., CEO, New
Chemic, Butler, NJ
Michael R. Salazar, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of
Chemistry, Union University , Jackson, TN
8
Daryl Sas, Ph.D., Professor of Biology, Geneva
College, Beaver Falls, PA
William L. Saunders, Esq., Senior Fellow and
Human Rights Counsel, Family Research Council,
Washington, D.C.
Joseph Schaafsma, Ph.D., Professor of Economics,
University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia,
Canada
Herbert Schlossberg, Ph.D., Author, Dumfries, VA
Rev. Abdul Karim Sesay, Senior Pastor, Kings &
Priests Court International Ministries, Silver
Springs, MD
Rev. Louis P. Sheldon, Chairman, Traditional
Values Coalition
Rev. Ron Siegenthaler, D.Min., Executive
Minister, Coral Ridge Presbyterian Church, Ft.
Lauderdale, FL
Randy T. Simmons, Ph.D., Professor and
Department Head, Political Science, Utah State
University, Logan, UT
Rev. Cecil Siriwardene, Pastor, Evangelical Free
Church, Redondo Beach, CA
Rev. Frank J. Smith, Ph.D., Pastor, Covenant
Reformed Presbyterian Church (CRPC),
Sheboygan, WI, Editor, Presbyterian International
News Service and Presbyterian Heritage
Rev. John B. Sorensen, Executive Vice President,
Evangelism Explosion International, Floor, Fort
Lauderdale, FL
James Spann, AMS Certified Broadcast
Meteorologist, Chief Meteorologist, ABC 33/40,
Birmingham, AL
John A. Sparks, J.D., Dean of Arts & Letters,
Grove City College, Grove City, PA
Roy W. Spencer, Ph.D. (Climatology), principal
research scientist, University of Alabama,
Huntsville, former senior scientist for climate
studies, Marshall Space Flight Center, NASA
John E. Stapleford, Ph.D., Professor of Economic
Development, Eastern University, St. Davids, PA
John N. Strange, Jr., M.D., F.A.C.S., Associate
Professor of Biology/Campus Physician, North
Greenville University, Tigerville, SC
Rev. Kenneth Gary Talbot, Ph.D., President and
Professor of Theology and Apologetics,
Whitefield Theological Seminary, Lakeland, FL
George H. Taylor, M.S., Certified Consulting
Meteorologist, Corvallis, OR
Hilton P. Terrell, M.D., Ph.D., Assistant Professor
of Family Medicine, McLeod Regional Medical
Center, Florence, SC; faculty, Medical University
of South Carolina
Timothy Terrell, Ph.D., Associate Professor of
Economics, Wofford College, Spartanburg, SC
David J. Theroux, Founder and President, The
Independent Institute, Oakland, CA, and Founder
and President, The C. S. Lewis Society of
California
Mary L. G. Theroux, Vice President, The
Independent Institute, Oakland, CA
Gregory Alan Thornbury, Ph.D., Dean of the
School of Christian Studies, Union University,
Jackson, TN
Don Thorsen, Ph.D., Professor of Theology,
Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA
Rev. Dr. James Tonkowich, President, Institute on
Religion and Democracy, Washington, DC
Charles Van Eaton, Ph.D., Distinguished
Professor at Large, Director of the Center for
Critical Thought and Practice, Bryan College,
Dayton, TN
G. Cornelis van Kooten, Ph.D., Professor of
Economics, and Canada Research Chair in
Environmental Studies & Climate, University of
Victoria, Victoria, B.C., Canada
Rev. Jeff Voorhees, D.Min. (cand.), Interim
Pastor, Drenthe Christian Reformed Church,
Drenthe, MI
9
Arlene Sanchez Walsh, Ph.D., Associate
Professor, Hispanic Church Studies and Ministry,
Haggard Graduate School of Theology, Azusa
Pacific University, Azusa, CA
Rev. Jack Waskey, Ph.D., M.Div., Professor of
Social Science, Dalton State College, Dalton, GA,
and Pastor, Morton Memorial Presbyterian
Church, Ft. Oglethorpe, GA
Harry L. Wegley, M.S., Climatologist/
Meteorologist; Senior Systems Programmer,
Boeing, Renton, WA
Rev. Ralph Weitz, Stewardship Pastor, Immanuel
Bible Church, Springfield, VA
David Wells, Ph.D., Andrew Mutch Distinguished
Professor of Historical and Systematic Theology,
Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, South
Hamilton, MA
R. Fowler White, Ph.D., Professor of New
Testament and Biblical Languages, Dean of
Faculty, and Administrator, Knox Theological
Seminary
David W. Whitlock, Ph.D., Dean of the College of
Business and Computer Science, Associate
Provost (beginning Fall 2006), Southwest Baptist
University, Bolivar, MO
Harry V. Wiant, Jr., Ph.D., Joseph E. Ibberson
Chair, School of Forest Resources, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park,
PA
Jay L. Wile, Ph.D., President, Apologia
Educational Ministries, Anderson, IN
David Williams, President, L.D. Advantage, Fort
Worth, TX, former Denominational
Representative, Social Action Commission,
National Association of Evangelicals, 1983-2003
Non-evangelicals with special expertise in
climatology or related sciences, economics,
environmental studies, theology, or ethics:
Dennis Avery, Ph.D., Director, Center for Global
Food Issues, Hudson Institute, Churchville, VA
Father J. Michael Beers, Ph.D., Dean of the Pre-
Theologate, Ave Maria University, Naples, FL
Sonja A. Boehmer-Christiansen, Ph.D., Reader,
Department of Geography, Hull University, Hull,
UK; Editor, Energy & Environment
R. M. Carter, Ph.D., paleontologist, stratigrapher,
marine geologist, and environmental scientist,
Professor, Marine Geophysical Laboratory, James
Cook University, Townsville, Queensland,
Australia
Richard S. Courtney, Independent Consultant on
Energy and Environment to Members of UK and
European Union Parliaments, Expert Peer
Reviewer, UN Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, Accredited Methodist Preacher;
Falmouth, Cornwall, TR11 4SL, UK
David Deming, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Arts
and Sciences, College of Earth and Energy,
University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
James F. Drake, Ph.D. (Atmospheric Sciences),
Project Engineer, The Aerospace Corporation,
Papillon, NE
Paul K. Driessen, Esq., environmental ethicist,
Senior Policy Advisor (energy and environment),
Congress of Racial Equality
John Dale Dunn, M.D., J.D., Physician, Attorney,
Consultant–Emergency Services, Peer
Review/Mediation, Brownwood, TX
Robert Essenhigh, Ph.D., E. G. Bailey Professor
of Energy Conversion, Ohio State University
Michael R. Fox, Ph.D., Nuclear Scientist (retired),
Kaneohe, HI
Vincent Gray, Ph.D. (Chemistry, Cambridge
University), Wellington, NZ, climate consultant,
expert reviewer of the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change from its inception
Kenneth Green, D.Env. (Environmental Science
& Engineering), Visiting Fellow, American
Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research,
Washington, D.C.
10
Steven F. Hayward, Ph.D., F. K. Weyerhauser
Fellow, American Enterprise Institute for Public
Policy Research, Washington, D.C., author, Index
of Leading Environmental Indicators (annual)
Craig D. Idso, Ph.D., Chairman, Center for the
Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change,
Tempe, AZ
Sherwood B. Idso, Ph.D., President, Center for the
Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change,
Tempe, AZ
Zbigniew Jaworowski, M.D., Ph.D., D.Sc.,
Professor and Chairman of the scientific council
of the Central Laboratory for Radiological
Protection, Warsaw, Poland
Madhav L. Khandekar, Ph.D. (Meteorology),
Retired Research Scientist, Environment Canada,
49 years in the science of weather & climate,
IPCC Expert Reviewer, Fourth Cycle, 2007
Rabbi Daniel Lapin, President, Toward Tradition,
Mercer Island, WA
Richard S. Lindzen, Ph.D. (Climatology), Alfred
P. Sloan Professor of Meteorology, Department of
Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and a lead
author of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change’s Third Assessment Report
Anthony R. Lupo, Ph.D., Associate Professor of
Atmospheric Science, University of Missouri,
Columbia
Thomas P. Sheahen, Ph.D. Senior Analyst,
National Renewable Energy Laboratory,
Washington, D.C.
S. Fred Singer, Ph.D., President, Science &
Environmental Policy Project, Arlington, VA;
Professor Emeritus of Environmental Sciences,
University of Virginia; former director of the U.S.
Weather Satellite Service
Fred L. Smith, Jr., President, Competitive
Enterprise Institute, Washington, D.C.
Dorothy-Marie Wood, Ph.D., Assistant Professor
of Chemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson,
MS