Using this event template

Welcome slide

Unlocking serverless web

applications with AWS Lambda

Web Adapter

Harold Sun

BOA311

Senior Serverless Specialist SA

AWS

Betty Zheng

Senior Developer Advocate

AWS

Agenda

• Challenges of building serverless web applications

• Inventing AWS Lambda Web Adapter

• Migrating web apps to Lambda

• Enhancing Lambda runtimes

• Unlocking serverless web applications

Challenges

Running web applications on AWS Lambda

• The programming model of Lambda functions is different from

traditional web applications

• Migrating from traditional web applications to Lambda requires

additional work

• Migrating from Lambda to containers usually requires code changes

• The development and debugging tools are different

Event source Services

Changes in

data state

Requests to

endpoints

Changes in

Resource state

Function

Node.js

Python

Java

C#

Go

Ruby

Runtime API

Lambda programming model

Handler() function

Function to be executed

upon invocation

Event object

Data sent during Lambda

function invocation

Context object

Methods available to interact

with runtime information

(request ID, log group, etc.)

Lambda function handler

Sample code for

an http Lambda

function

What about using a framework-specific adapter?

Using framework-specific adapters

help to deploy existing code as a

Lambda funcion

Drawbacks:

• Need to add a new dependency

to the code

• Long-term maitenance of the

adapter packages

Migration and portability

Lift and shift

Portability

AWS Lambda

Amazon EKS

Amazon EC2

Amazon ECS

???

Inventing Lambda Web Adapter

The inspirations

Serverlessish by Adian Steele

re:Web by apparentorder

AWS Lambda Web Adapter

OPEN- S O U R C E T O O L T O R U N W E B A P P S O N A W S L A M B D A

Lambda-adapter

OS packages

Runtime

interface

client

Web

app

http-

adapter

Amazon API Gateway

endpoint

Lambda

function URLs

Application Load

Balancer

Lambda

function

invoke

Rest/HTTP API event

HTTP API v2 event*

ALB event

G

eneric

adapter for

Lambda

r

untime API and

HTTP API

No new code dependency

to include

Support any web

frameworks

Support any programing

language

Develop and test locally

with existing tools

Supports both x86_64 and

arm64 CPU architectures

Both zip and OCI packaging

AWS Lambda Web Adapter

OPEN- S O U R C E T O O L T O R U N W E B A P P S O N A W S L A M B D A

https://github.com/awslabs/aws-lambda-web-adapter

Lambda service API endpoints Processes

Lambda

Web

Adapter

Extension API

Runtime API

Execution environment

Web

application

http

AWS Lambda Rust runtime

https://github.com/awslabs/aws-lambda-rust-runtime

The Lambda Web Adapter is implemented in Rust, utilizing crates such as AWS Lambda Rust

runtime and hyper. This choice not only ensures high performance but also enhances the safety

of this component within the latency-sensitive data path.

Rust logo by Rust Foundation / CC BY 4.0.

Sequence diagram

Example: Run an express.js app on Lambda

One line to install AWS Lambda Web Adapter

install Lambda Web Adapter

A question about performance

The result

Migrating web apps to Lambda

A progressive way to adopt serverless

The Lambda-lith

The serverless microservices The single-purpose functions

API Gateway

Lambda function

Table

API Gateway

Product function Order function

Product

table

Order

table

/order/product

/{proxy+}

API Gateway

Product

table

Order

table

GET /order

/product

Product function

Get Order

function

New Order

function

POST /order

Deploying imgproxy on AWS Lambda

Amazon CloudFront AWS Lambda

Amazon S3

FROM darthsim/imgproxy:latest

COPY --from=public.ecr.aws/awsguru/aws-lambda-adapter:0.7.1

/lambda-adapter /opt/extensions/lambda-adapter

Migrate Java web applications to Lambda

Quickly migrate a Spring Boot application to Lambda with Web Adapter

Application

Load

Balancer

Spring Boot

app

Auto Scaling group

Spring Boot

app

Spring Boot

app

Spring Boot on

Lambda with

Lambda SnapStart

Application

Load

Balancer

AWS Lambda SnapStart

Download

cust. code

Start new

MicroVM

Initialize

cust. code

Snapshot

initialization

Take

snapshot

Run

handler

Warm

start

Resume

snapshot

Cold start

AWS

optimization

Customer

optimization

Function

create or

update

lifecycle

Request

lifecycle

Demo

Enhancing Lambda runtimes

Lambda reponse streaming

Reduce TTFB

Faster response time

Larger payload

Up to 20MB (soft limit)

AWS Lambda response streaming is a new feature that allows Lambda functions

to send response data to clients as it becomes available. This feature can

improve performance for web and mobile applications.

Response streaming for custom runtime

Custom runtimes can implement response streaming using the following response format to runtime API

Next.js streaming with

suspense on Lambda

• Hosting Next.js v13 app on AWS

Lambda Web Adapter

• Streaming with suspense

▪ Server-side rendering

▪ Selective hydration

• Much faster time to first byte

Streaming response from Amazon Bedrock

AWS cloud

Mobile client

Lambda

function URL

Amazon Bedrock

Web Adapter supports response streaming on all AL2 runtimes, including Python runtime

request

request request

chunks

Lambda Web

Adapter

Web

application

request

chunks

Demo

Unlocking serverless web applications

with Lambda Web Adapter

Running serverless web applications with

Lambda Web Adapter

Familiar programming

model and tools

Easy migration to

Lambda

Portability among

Lambda, AWS Fargate,

Amazon EC2

Lambda Web Adapter

usage statics

• Total downloads from

Amazon ECR public tripled

in 5 months

• Served hundreds of millions

invokes every month

When people want to move their existing Django

applications to the cloud, I always recommend AWS

Lambda with Lambda Web Adapter. This allows them to

use familiar tools while benefiting from the scalability

and cost savings of running on AWS Lambda.

Efi Merdler-Kravitz

Head of Engineering, CloudEx

Thanks to the Lambda Web Adapter, I have more

reasons than ever to make AWS Lambda my compute

platform of choice for containerized, full-stack, web

application frameworks such as Rails. I promise you,

this is going to be huge. I’ve never been more happy to

delete custom integration code. Thanks AWS!

Ken Collins

Principal Engineer, CustomInk

Resources

Lambda Web Adapter

GitHub repo

Using response streaming with

AWS Lambda Web Adapter to

optimize performance

Lifting and shifting a web

application to

AWS Serverless

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Thank you!

Please complete the session

survey in the mobile app

Thank you

Harold Sun

[email protected]

@sunhua

Betty Zheng

[email protected]

@bettyzheng78