ANSI/AMCA
Standard 210-16/
ASHRAE
Standard 51-16
An American National Standard
Approved by ANSI on August 26, 2016
Air Movement and Control
Association International
AMCA Corporate Headquarters
30 W. University Drive, Arlington Heights, IL 60004-1893, USA
[email protected]
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Ph: +1-847-394-0150
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www.amca.org
This standard in English, Chinese, European Spanish,
and Latin American Spanish may be purchased at
www.amca.org/store.
© 2016 AMCA International and ASHRAE
Laboratory Methods of Testing
Fans for Certified Aerodynamic
Performance Rating
STANDARD
ANSI/AMCA Standard 210-16
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 51-16
Laboratory Methods of Testing


30 W. University Drive

60004

Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers


30329-2305

Authority 


Copyright 


-


Objections 



30 West University Drive


European AMCA


Asia AMCA Sdn Bhd




Disclaimer 





 
 
 
Brian Merritt 
 
 
 
Fernando A. Ruiz C. 
 Egyptian Swedish Air Conditioning Co. S.A.E.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Yong Ning Chen 
 
 
 

 Certied Ratings Program—Product Rating Manual for Fan Air PerformanceRelated
Publications
1. Purpose and Scope ...............................................................................1
2. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3. Denitions/Units of Measure/Symbols................................................................1
 ...................................................................................1
 ..............................................................................6
 .........................................................................7
4. Instruments and Methods of Measurement ............................................................7
 ....................................................................................7
.....................................................................................7
 ...................................................................................9
4.4 Fan input power ..............................................................................10
 .............................................................................11
4.6 Air density ..................................................................................11
5. Test Setups and Equipment .......................................................................11
5.1 Setup ......................................................................................11
 .......................................................................................12
 ...................................................................................13
...........................................................13
6. Observations and Conduct of Test ..................................................................14
 ......................................................................14
7. Calculations ....................................................................................15
 ..........................................................................15
 .....................................................................15
 ................................................................16
............................................................17
 ..............................................................
 .............................................................20
 ................................................................20
................................................................................20
 .......................................21
8. Report and Results of Test ........................................................................22
 .....................................................................................22
 .................................................22
Contents
Annex A Airow Settling Means Eectiveness Check (Normative) .........................................48
Annex B Chamber Leakage Rate Test Procedure (Informative) ............................................49
Annex C Tubing (Informative) .......................................................................51
Annex D Derivations of Equations (Informative) ........................................................52
Annex E Similarity and Fan Laws (Informative) .........................................................55
Annex F Uncertainty Analysis (Informative) ............................................................59
Annex G Iterative Procedure (Informative) .............................................................67
Annex H Fan Outlet Area (Normative) .................................................................68
Annex I General References/Bibliography (Informative)..................................................70
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 1
Laboratory Methods of Testing

1. Purpose and Scope
-


-

          






testing.
2. Normative References
      
        

       

-


IEEE 112-96 Standard Test Procedure for Polyphase
Induction Motors and Generators


3. Denitions/Units of Measure/Symbols
3.1 Denitions
3.1.1 Fan

         
            




3.1.2 Fan inlet and outlet boundaries







3.1.3 Fan input power boundary


 
       

drive.
3.1.4 Driven fan

3.1.5 Drive

 
        
        
of the drive.
3.1.6 Transmission



3.1.7 Fan outlet area

openings.
3.1.8 Fan inlet area
       
     



3.1.9 Dry-bulb temperature



3.1.10 Wet-bulb temperature
       
2 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
         

3.1.11 Wet-bulb depression
-

3.1.12 Stagnation (total) temperature
         

          

3.1.13 Static temperature

of the air.
          

3.1.14 Air density

3.1.15 Standard air

3

3


3.1.15.1 Standard air properties
-

-5

-5

      
       






3.1.16 Pressures in the air
         
    
 
       
     -

          

          
        

3


3

       

3

3
in

3.1.17 Absolute pressure


3.1.18 Barometric pressure

3.1.19 Gauge pressure
        

positive or negative.
3.1.20 Total pressure



-
sure.
3.1.21 Dynamic (velocity) pressure


3.1.22 Static pressure

of the air.
          
negative.
3.1.23 Pressure loss

3.1.24 Fan air density
         


3.1.25 Fan airow rate

3.1.26 Fan total pressure


3.1.27 Fan dynamic (velocity) pressure

density 
3.1.28 Fan static pressure
  
       
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 3
Case
Motor
Control
Motor Transmission Fan Boundary Quantity Measured
1 X X X X 
W

2 X X X Mains/Motor
W

3 X X Mains/Motor
W

4 X X X 
W

5 X X


H
ti
6 X

Motor/Fan
H
i
Table 1
Input Power Boundary
Mains
W
c
Motor Control
(e.g., VSD)
Transmission
(e.g., belt,
coupling,
gears)
Motor
W
m
H
t
Fan
(may
include
integral
bearings)
H
i
H
o
Drive
Driven Fan
W 
H 


• W


 H
i

• W



Figure 3.1
Input Power Boundary
4 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
Table 2
Symbols and Subscripts
Symbol Description SI Unit I-P Unit

2
ft
2
  
   
D
h
  
  
  
   
  
H
i
Fan input power W hp
H
o
Fan output power W hp
K
p
 
  
L
e
  
L

  
   
   
   
   
  
s
  

  
t
  

  
v
  

  
p
b
  
p
e
Saturated vapor pressure at t
w
 
p
p
  
 
3
 
3

Q


3
 
3

   
  
   
t
d
  
t
s
  
t
w
  
   
W

 
the input power boundary
 
p

  
   
 
p

a
 
s
 
g
 
D
   
h

 
h

 
the input power boundary
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 5
Table 2 (con't)
Symbols and Subscripts
Symbol Description SI Unit I-P Unit
h
st
 
the input power boundary
m
  
r
 
3

3
r

 
3

3
Subscript Description
 
r Reading
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Power Subscripts


Subscript Description
o Fan output power
i Fan input power
 
 
 
 
6 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16


3.1.29 Fan rotational speed



3.1.30 Compressibility coecient
           
-



      
  


3.1.31 Fan output power



3.1.32 Fan input power

3.1.33 Fan total eciency
The ratio of fan output power to fan input power.
3.1.34 Fan static eciency
          

3.1.35 Fan with drive total eciency
The ratio of fan output power to drive input power.
3.1.36 Fan with drive input power

3.1.37 Fan with drive static eciency
  

3.1.38 Point of operation
        -

-
         

3.1.39 Free delivery

3.1.40 Shall and should
The word shall
should as advisory.
3.1.41 Shut-o

3.1.42 Determination
        
operation of a fan.
3.1.43 Test

a fan.
3.1.44 Energy factor


3.1.45 Demonstrated accuracy

         
        
        

3.2 Units of measure
3.2.1 System of units
       Le Systéme
International d'Unités      
         





3.2.2 Basic units




      
      
         


3.2.3.1 Airow rate
           

3


ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 7
3.2.3.2 Airow Velocity


3.2.4 Pressure
            



         

3

3


3

3

      
2

2

3.2.5 Power, energy and torque
-
            



3.2.6 Eciency
         

3.2.7 Rotational speed


3.2.8 Density, viscosity and gas constant

3

3

          
     
           


3.2.9 Dimensionless groups
       
        
        

3.3 Symbols and subscripts

4. Instruments and Methods of Measurement
4.1 Accuracy [3]
-
       
     -

        
       
upon.
4.1.1 Instrument accuracy
     
       
distribution.
        



4.1.2 Measurement uncertainty


        

        


-

         
       
          



4.1.3 Uncertainty of results
          
       
-


        
        
         






-






-
      -

-
-


4.2 Pressure
-








         
          
    


       

-
         

4.2.1 Manometers and other pressure-indicating
instruments
        
       -
         


      




      
-




4.2.1.1 Calibration
     


-



4.2.1.2 Averaging
       
-




-
-

4.2.1.3 Correction
       
          

-
       








4.2.2 Pitot-static tube [4][5]
          






4.2.2.1 Calibration

         
         

4.2.2.2 Size







ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 9
4.2.2.3 Support




4.2.3 Static pressure tap
-
sure tap of the proportions shown in Figure 2A. The pres-

4.2.3.1 Calibration
       
        
         



4.2.3.2 Averaging
-


        


4.2.3.3 Piezometer ring



        


4.2.4 Total pressure tube



4.2.4.1 Calibration

-

4.2.4.2 Total pressure tubes used with setup Figures
13, 14 and 15
         


        
       

4.2.5 Other pressure measurement systems
     

          
-
-
      
         
       

 

  
        

      -

        

4.3 Airow rate

      
        
obtained by pitot traverse.
4.3.1 Pitot traverse
       

          



4.3.1.1 Stations


in Figure 3.
4.3.1.2 Averaging
-

      
        

4.3.2 Flow nozzle



-


4.3.2.1 Size


10 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16

          

4.3.2.2 Calibration


        
       
proportions L = 0.5D and L = 0.6D
 L = 0.6D 

4.3.2.3 Chamber ow nozzle
         


      
             
           
 


4.3.2.4 Ducted ow nozzle

       



4.3.2.5 Pressure tap
        

4.3.3 Other airow measurement methods
        

        -
         
       



4.4 Fan input power
       
       
      
         

-


4.4.1 Reaction dynamometers



4.4.1.1 Calibration
      



-

4.4.1.2 Tare

         

during the test.
4.4.2 Torque
        
         
power.
4.4.2.1 Calibration




          


4.4.2.2 Tare
-

        

during the test.
4.4.3 Calibrated motor
-
-
-

4.4.3.1 Motor calibration
         
      
       
        



ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 11
4.4.3.2 Calibrated motors controlled by a variable
frequency drive (VFD)

          
        -
          




        

4.4.3.3 Voltage and frequency





4.4.3.4 IEEE Calibration


4.4.4 Electrical meter

of observed reading.


by NIST.
4.4.5 Averaging


-


      
       




4.5 Rotational speed






4.5.1 Calibration
-


4.6 Air density

     
       
         

4.6.1 Thermometer
      

°°°°

4.6.1.1 Calibration
-

-

4.6.1.2 Measurement conditions


       
       

4.6.2 Barometer
       


4.6.2.1 Calibration
        
      
by NIST
4.6.2.2 Corrections


-
      

5. Test Setups and Equipment
5.1 Setup


5.1.1 Installation types

12 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
-





5.1.2 Selection guide
-
priate setup.
Table 3
Selection Guide
Installation Type
Setup Figure A B C D


NS NS
1
 Y
2
Y
3
Y

Y

16 Y Y
3


Notes:
 

 


5.1.3 Leakage


-



  
the test.
-


5.2 Duct
         
        -
          
D
3
or D
4

-

a and b
Dab
=
4/
p

5.2.1 Long Ducts
5.2.1.1 Airow measurement duct







         
 

5.2.1.2 Pressure measurement duct
         
-

         

end.
5.2.1.3 Transition pieces
-



°
°. The



        

5.2.1.4 Duct area


         -


5.2.1.5 Roundness
D of either side


           
       
       

ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 13
5.2.1.6 Airow straightener

 -
          -

   
       

5.2.2 Common segment
        
-


5.2.2.1 Common segment on the fan outlet

           

       
-


5.2.3 Simulated ducts
5.2.3.1 Short outlet duct





5.2.3.2 Short inlet duct




5.3 Chamber
 
-

        
M

a and b
Ma
b=

4 p

5.3.1 Outlet chamber
          

          



5.3.2 Inlet chamber


5.3.3 Airow settling means


       





        

      

     


        


       

5.3.4 Multiple nozzles
       

       -
         


        



5.4 Variable air supply and exhaust systems
          

5.4.1 Throttling device
   



14 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
5.4.2 Auxiliary fan
      
       

     
         


6. Observations and Conduct of Test
6.1 General test requirements
6.1.1 Determinations

          
         


            

6.1.2 Stable operating conditions
      
-
        


6.1.3 Stability
       
        
         
         

6.2 Data to be recorded
6.2.1 Test fan


6.2.2 Test setup
-
         

    
data.
        

Table 4
Test Data to be Recorded
Setup Figure
Item Description Parameter 7A 7B   9A 9B 9C 10A 10B 10C 11 12 13 14 15 16
 p
b
 N


F or T or W

P
v3r

P
s3r
P
s4
P
s5
P
s7

P


t
d0
t
w0
t
d2
t
d3
t
d4
t
d5
t


D
P
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 15
6.2.3 Instruments
         
       
      

6.2.4 Test data

          



t
d0
t
w0
t
d2
p
b
.
 
P
v3r
and P
s3r
.
3. For a test where P
s
        
 t
d3
 t
d4
 t
d5
 t
d7
  t

need not be
t
d0

       t
d2
  
t
d5
and P
s5
P
s7
.
P

instead of P

.


P
s5


6.2.5 Personnel


7. Calculations
7.1 Calibration correction
       
      

      

7.2 Density and viscosity of air
7.2.1 Atmospheric air density

r
0
 
-
   t
d0
   -
t
w0
 p
b


pt t
ew0w0
=++3251 692
2
..

pt t
ew0w0
=× −× +
−−
 .29610159 10 041
42 2

ppp
tt
peb
d0 w0
=−
−
1500

ppp
tt
peb
d0 w0
=−
−
2700

r
0
bp
d0
R
=
−
+
pp
t
0 
273 15
.


r
0
bp
d0
R
=
−
+
70 73 0 
459 67



pp
t

p
e
for a range of
t
w0
            
         

7.2.2 Duct or chamber air density

r


r
0

P

t



rr
x
t
t
p
=
+
+
+
0
273 15
273 15
d0
 b
.
.

rr

d0

 b
b
=
+
+
+
t
t
Pp
p
459 67
459 67
13 595
13 595
.
.
.
.

7.2.3 Fan air density
   
r
      -
  
r
0
       
P
t1

t
s1

rr=
+
+
+
0
t1 b
b
d0
s1
Pp
p
t
t
273 15
273 15
.
.

rr=
+
+
+
0
t1 b
b
d0
s1
Pp
p
t
t
13 595
13 595
459 67
459 67
.
.
.
.

P
t1

zero and t
s1
t
d0
P
t1
P

and t
s1
t


16 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
t
s1
t
d3
and P
t1
P
t3
for

7.2.4 Dynamic air viscosity

m

m
t
d
× 10
-6

m
t
d
× 10
-6


-5


-5


7.3 Fan airow rate at test conditions
7.3.1 Nozzle
         

D
P

7.3.1.1 Alpha ratio
        

a =
+
+
Pp
Pp
s6 b
 b

a =
+
+
Pp
Pp
s6 b
 b
13 595
13 595
.
.


a
r
=−
+
()
1
273 15
∆P
Rt

.

a
r
=−
+
()
1
5 2014
459 67
.
.
∆P
t

R




7.3.1.2 Beta ratio

b
D
6

D

b =
D
D
6

D
= D
4
D
= D
5

b

7.3.1.3 Expansion factor
Y
Y =
−
()
−
−
−
−
−
g
g
a
a
a
b
b
g
gg
1
1
1
1
1
2
14
4
/
aa
g2

 
g
  
        -

Y
b
4

a
 
7.3.1.4 Energy factor
   E     
P
vr


E
P
n
P
n
=
∑
∑


.
.
vr
vr
15
05
3

       
under this standard by setting E
or E
7.3.1.5 Reynolds number

D
6

Re =
DV
666
r
µ

Re =
DV
666
60
r
µ

         
V
6

-

Re =
−
2
1
6
4
µ
r
b
CD Y
P
E
∆

Re =
−
1097
60
1
6
4
µ
r
b
CD Y
P
E
∆


r
=
r
4

r
=
r
5

and
b

ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 17

C.
7.3.1.6 Discharge coecient
    C   

C
LD
=−
+
=
0 
7 006 134 6
06
.
.
Re
.
Re
/.Fo

C
LD
=−
+
=
0 
6  131 5
05
.
.
Re
.
Re
/.Fo



C.
7.3.1.7 Airow rate for ducted nozzle
Q
4


Q
CA Y
P
E
4
6
4
4
2
1
=
−
∆
r
b

Q
CA Y
P
E
4
6
4
4
1097
1
=
−
.
∆
r
b

A
6

7.3.1.8 Airow rate for chamber nozzles
Q
5


QY
P
CA
5
5
6
2
=
∑
∆
r


QY
P
CA
5
5
6
1097 =
∑

∆
r

CA
6

    -
A
6


7.3.1.9 Fan airow rate
Q

QQ=
r
r


7.3.2 Velocity traverse
    -
P
v3

7.3.2.1 Velocity pressure
   P
v3
    

  P
v3r
    -
n

P
P
n
v3
v3r
=
∑
2

7.3.2.2 Velocity
   V
3
      

r
3

P
v3

V
P
3
3
2
=
v3
r

V
P
3
3
1097 = .
v3
r

7.3.2.3 Airow rate
   Q
3
       
V
3
A
3

Q
3
= V
3
A
3

7.3.2.4 Fan airow rate
Q

QQ=
3
3
r
r

7.4 Fan velocity pressure at test conditions
7.4.1 Pitot traverse
-
P
v
-
P
v3


PP
A
A
vv3
=
r
r
3
2
3
2
2

Whenever P
s3
and P
s2

r
2

r
3
.
7.4.2 Nozzle
Q-
P
v

V
2

r
2

QQ
2
2
=
r
r

V
Q
A
2
2
2
=


P
V
v
=
r
22
2
2

P
V
v
=
r
2
2
2
1097 .


P
Q
A
v
=
r
r
2
2
2
1
2

P
Q
A
v
=
r
r1097
1
2
2
2
.

P
s4
and P
s2


r
2

r
4
.
7.5 Fan total pressure at test conditions
        -



7.5.1 Averages
      

7.5.1.1 Pitot traverse
        
P
v3

      V
3
   
-
P
s3

P
P
n
s3
s3r
=
Σ

7.5.1.2 Duct piezometer

    P
s4
    
P
s4r
 V
4
 
Q

V
Q
A
4
44
=
r
r

   P
v4
  

P
V
v4
=
r
44
2
2

P
V
v4
=
r
4
4
2
1097 .

7.5.1.3 Chamber

      
P
s7
      P
s7r
   
P

P


7.5.2 Pressure losses



7.5.2.1 Hydraulic diameter
-
D
a and b at the

D
ab
ab
h
=
+
2

7.5.2.2 Reynolds Number

D
h

Re =
DV
h
r
µ

ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 19
Re =
DV
h
r
µ60


V
7.5.2.3 Coecient of friction
f
f =
014
017
.
Re
.

7.5.2.4 Cell straightener equivalent length
L
e
-
  D
h
      
yD
L
D
y
D
y
D
e
h
=
−
+
15 04
12665  6
2
.
..
13.

        

7.5.2.5 Star straightener friction loss
       

z
s
= 0.95Re
-0.12

7.5.2.6 Common part friction loss
z


Dh4
-0.3

Dh4
-0.12

7.5.3 Inlet total pressure
P
t1


7.5.3.1 Open inlet
P
t1

       

P
t1
 
7.5.3.2 Inlet chamber
P
t1

P


P
t1
= P


7.5.3.3 Inlet duct
         P
t1
 

 P
s3
      P
v3

          L



PP Pf
L
D
P
t1 s3 v3
h3
v3
=+−
13

P
s3

be negative.
7.5.4 Outlet total pressure
P
t2


7.5.4.1 Open outlet

P
s2


P
t2
= P
v2
= P
v

P
v

7.5.4.2 Outlet chamber

  P
s2
       
P
s7

P
t2
= P
s7
P
v2
= P
s7
P
v

P
v

7.5.4.3 Short duct
        
        
          


7.5.4.4 Piezometer outlet duct

P
t2

P
s4

P
v4
-
L




PPPf
L
D
L
D
P
t2 s4 v4
h4
e
h4
v4
=+++
24


20 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
PPPf
L
D
PP
t2 s4 v4
h4
v4 v4
=++−
+
()
−
24
4
012
2095
.
.Re


P
t2
= P
s4
P
v4

-0.3

-0.12
P
v4

7.5.4.5 Pitot outlet duct
       
P
t2

P
s3

P
v3

 L
e
       L

  


PPPf
L
D
L
D
P
e
t2 s3 v3
h3 h3
v3
=+++
23


PPPf
L
D
PP
t2 s3 v3
h3
v3 v3
=++−
+
−
23
3
012
2095
.
Re

7.5.5 Fan total pressure

t
-

P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1

P
t1
P
t
P
t2
.
7.6 Fan static pressure at test conditions
    P
s
     -

P
s
= P
t
- P
v

7.7 Fan input power at test conditions
7.7.1 Reaction dynamometer

H
i

          

H
FIN
i
=
2
60
p

H
FIN
i
=
×
2
33 000 12
p

7.7.2 Torsion element

H
i
T
N
H
TN
i
=
2
60
p

H
TN
i
=
×
2
33 000 12
p

7.7.3 Calibrated motor

H
i

  W

       
h

H
i
= W

h

H
W
i
mm
=
h
745 7.

7.8 Fan eciency
7.8.1 Fan output power
The fan output power (H
o
-
   Q    P
t
 
-
       -
K
p
  -
QP
t

H
o
= QP
t
K
p

H
QP K
o
tp
=
6343 3.

7.8.2 Compressibility factor
K
p

x
P
Pp
=
+
t
t1 b

x
P
Pp
=
+
t
t1 b
13 595.


z
H
Q
Pp
i
=
−
+
g
g
1
t1 b

ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 21
z
H
Q
Pp
i
=
−
+
g
g
1
6343 3
13 595
.
.
t1 b


K
x
x
z
z
p
=
+
()
+
()


1
1

P
t
P
t1
p
b
H
i
Q
input
H
i
-


g

7.8.3 Fan total eciency
   
h
t
       

η
t
tp
=
QP K
H
i

η
t
tp
=
QP K
H
i
63433.

7.8.4 Fan static eciency

h
s


h
t
       
P
s
P
t

hh
st
s
t
=
P
P

7.8.5 Fan with drive total eciency
η
tx
t
x
=
QP K
P
W

η
tx
t
x
=
QP K
P
W 85
07
.

7.8.6 Fan with drive static eciency
ηη
sx tx
s
t
=
P
P

K
p

7.9 Conversion of results to other rotational
speeds and air densities

-

        -
          


r


r
N

N

 


above.
7.9.1 Conversion to other rotational speeds and air
densities with incompressible ow
        
K

=
K
p

7.9.2 Conversion to other rotational speeds and air
densities with compressible ow
          

Q
Step 1:QP
t
H
i

K
p
.
Step 2: Use K
p
= K

    
N

r

Q
P

and H

.
Step 3:         
Q
P

H

K

.
Step 4:K

N

r
and
Q
P

and H

.
Step 5:Q
P

and H

do not



7.9.3 Conversion formulae for new densities and new
rotational speeds

r

N



22 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
K

= Kp in the
       

QQ
N
N
K
K
p

=

PP
N
N
K
K
 t

p

=
2
r
r

PP
N
N
 v

=
2
r
r

P

= P

- P


HH
N
N
K
K
i

p

=
3
r
r

WW
K
K
xc x
c
p
pc
=
r
r

h

=
h
t


hh
 


=
P
P

8. Report and Results of Test
8.1 Report


-
         



8.2 Performance graphical representation of test
results
          
         
        -
         
are shown in Figure 17.
8.2.1 Coordinates and labeling
  
      

-
-
         


          




8.2.2 Identication


            


ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 23
Notes:





D

Figure 1A
Pitot-Static Tube with Spherical Head
0.4D
D
16D
8D
0.8D
3D Radius
90° ±0.1°
A
A
SECTION A-A
0.5D Radius
Static Pressure
Total Pressure
24 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
Figure 1B
Alternate Pitot-Static Tube with Ellipsoidal Head
Figure 2A
Static Pressure Tap
V
X
0.2D
8D
D
Alternate pitot-static tube with ellipsoidal head
All other dimensions are the same
as for spherical head pitot- static tubes.
2D min.
2.5D min.
D = 3mm (0.125 in.) max.
Surface shall be smooth and free
from irregularities within 20D of
hole. Edge of hole shall be square
and free from burrs.
To pressure indicator
X/D V/D X/D V/D
0 0.5 1.602 0.314
0.237 0.496 1.657 0.295
0.336 0.494  0.279
0.474  1.73 0.266
0.622 0.477 1.762 0.25
0.741  1.796 0.231
0.936 0.449  0.211
1.025 0.436  0.192
1.134 0.42  0.176
 0.404  0.163
1.313  1.9 0.147
1.39 0.371 1.91 0.131
1.442 0.357  
1.506 0.343 1.92 0.109
 0.333 1.921 0.1
1.57 0.323
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 25
Figure 2B
Total Pressure Tube
Notes:
1. DD.
DD
D
Figure 3
Traverse Points in a Round Duct
0.021D
0.117D
0.184D
0.345D
D
60° ±1°
min.mm in.
8D min.
0.5D min.
`
End shall be smooth
and free from burrs
`
All dimensions
shall be within ±2%
To pressure indicator
26 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
Notes:
 

DD. A


               

LDDDD.
D
D
D

D





Figure 4A
Nozzles
0.25D
L
D
+0.00D
-0.03D
D
0.667D
D
D
+0.00D
-0.03D
L
D
0.667D
D
NOZZLE WITH THROAT TAPS NOZZLE WITHOUT THROAT TAPS
Fairing radius
about 0.05D
if necessary
Fairing radius
about 0.05D
if necessary
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 27
Figure 4B
Three Arc Approximation of Elliptical Nozzle
Figure 5
Transition Piece for Long Ducts
A
A
B B
SECTION A-A
(CONVERGING SECTION)
SECTION B-B
(DIVERGING SECTION)
3.5° max.
7.5° max.
34.2°
34.4°
21.4°
0.450D
0.850D
1.449D
0.667
D
D
All radii are to
this surface

Notes:
 DyD
 y


Figure 6A
Flow Straightener — Cell Type
D
4

not greater than 0.007D
4


Figure 6B
Flow Straightener — Star Type
0.075D
0.075D
y
y
D
0.45D
DUCT
45º
D
2D
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 29
Notes:
 


Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 7A
Outlet Duct Setup — Pitot Traverse in Outlet Duct with Cell Straightener
Transition
Piece
Cell
Straightener
QQ=
3
3
r
r
Q
3
= V
3
A
3
P
P
n
v3
v3r
=
∑
2
P
P
n
s3
s3r
=
∑
PPPf
L
D
L
D
P
t2 s3 v3
h3
e
h3
v3
=+++
23
PP
A
A
vv3
=
3
2
2
3
2
r
r
*V
P
3
3
2=
v3
r
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= 0
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
V
3

2
is

30 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
Notes:
 


Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 7B
Outlet Duct Setup — Pitot Traverse in Outlet Duct with Star Straightener
Transition
Piece
Star
Straightener
QQ=
3
3
r
r
Q
3
= V
3
A
3
P
P
n
v3
v3r
=
∑
2
P
P
n
s3
s3r
=
∑
PPPf
L
D
PP
t2 s3 v3
h3
v3 v3
=++−
+
−
23
3
012
2095
.
Re
PP
A
A
vv3
=
3
2
2
3
2
r
r
*V
P
3
3
2=
v3
r
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= 0
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
V
3

2


ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 31
Notes:



D
P = P
s4
.

 
Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 8A
Outlet Duct Setup — Nozzle on End of Outlet Duct with Cell Straightener
Transition
Piece
Cell
Straightener
D
6
Max. = 0.53D
4
QQ=
4
4
r
r
*Q
CA Y
P
E
4
6
4
4
2
1
=
−
∆
r
b
*P
V
v4
=
4
2
4
2
r
PPPf
L
D
L
D
P
t2 s4 v4
h4
e
h4
v4
=+++
24
PP
A
A
vv4
=
4
2
2
4
2
r
r
V
Q
A
4
4
4
=
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= 0
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
Q
4
and P
v4

2
is

32 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
Notes:



D
P = P
s4
.

 
Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 8B
Outlet Duct Setup — Nozzle on End of Outlet Duct with Star Straightener
Transition
Piece
D
6
Max. = 0.53D
4
QQ=
4
4
r
r
*Q
CA Y
P
E
4
6
4
4
2
1
=
−
∆
r
b
*P
V
v4
=
4
2
4
2
r
PPPf
L
D
PP
t2 s4 v4
h4
v4 v4
=++−
+
−
24
4
012
2095
.
Re
PP
A
A
vv4
=
4
2
2
4
2
r
r
V
Q
A
4
4
4
=
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= 0
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
Q
4
and P
v4

2

ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 33
Notes:


D


M
 
Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 9A
Outlet Duct Setup — Nozzle On End of Chamber with Cell Straightener
Transition Piece
Cell
Straightener
QQ=
5
5
r
r
*QCAY
P
56
5
2=
∆
r
*P
V
v4
=
4
2
4
2
r
PPPf
L
D
L
D
P
t2 s4 v4
h4
e
h4
v4
=+++
24
PP
A
A
vv4
=
4
2
2
4
2
r
r
V
Q
A
4
44
=
r
r
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= 0
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
Q
5
and P
v4

2
is

34 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
Notes:


D


M
 
Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 9B
Outlet Duct Setup — Nozzle On End of Chamber with Star Straightener
QQ=
5
5
r
r
*QCAY
P
56
5
2=
∆
r
*P
V
v4
=
4
2
4
2
r
PPPf
L
D
PP
t2 s4 v4
h4
v4 v4
=++−
+
()
−
24
012
2095
.
.Re
PP
A
A
vv4
=
4
2
2
4
2
r
r
V
Q
A
4
44
=
r
r
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= 0
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
Q
5
and P
v4

2
is

ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 35
Notes:





M
 
Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 9C
Outlet Duct Setup — Nozzle On End of Chamber with Common Part
Common
Part

2

QQ=
5
5
r
r
*QCAY
P
56
5
2=
∆
r
*P
V
v4
=
4
2
4
2
r
PP
A
A
vv4
=
4
2
2
4
2
r
r
V
Q
A
4
44
=
r
r
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= 0
P
t2
= P
s4
P
v4

-0.3

-0.12
P
v4
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
36 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
Notes:


D




M
Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 10A
Outlet Duct Setup — Multiple Nozzles In Chamber with Cell Straightener
Transition Piece
Cell
Straightener
QQ=
5
5
r
r

QY
P
CA
5
5
6
2=
∑
∆
r
*P
V
v4
=
4
2
4
2
r
PPPf
L
D
L
D
P
t2 s4 v4
h4
e
h4
v4
=+++
24
PP
A
A
vv4
=
4
2
2
4
2
r
r
V
Q
A
4
44
=
r
r
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= 0
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
Q
5
and P
v4

2
is

ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 37
Notes:


D




M
Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 10B
Outlet Duct Setup — Multiple Nozzles In Chamber with Star Straightener
Transition
Piece
QQ=
5
5
r
r

QY
P
CA
5
5
6
2=
∑
∆
r
*P
V
v4
=
4
2
4
2
r
PPPf
L
D
PP
t2 s4 v4
h4
v4 v4
=++−
+
()
−
24
012
2095
.
.Re
PP
A
A
vv4
=
4
2
2
4
2
r
r
V
Q
A
4
44
=
r
r
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= 0
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
Q
5
and P
v4

2
is


Notes:







M
Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 10C
Outlet Duct Setup – Multiple Nozzles In Chamber with Common Part
Common Part
QQ=
5
5
r
r

QY
P
CA
5
5
6
2=
∑
∆
r
*P
V
v4
=
4
2
4
2
r
PP
A
A
vv4
=
4
2
2
4
2
r
r
V
Q
A
4
44
=
r
r
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= 0
P
t2
= P
s4
P
v4

-0.3

-0.12
P
v4
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
Q
5
and P
v4

2
is

ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 39
Notes:







J

Warning!J-
sion JM
t
d2
t
d5
.
 P
s5
P
s7
.
 
Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 11
Outlet Chamber Setup – Nozzle On End of Chamber
min.
min.
mm
mm
in.
in.
QQ=
5
5
r
r
*QCAY
P
56
5
2=
∆
r
*P
V
v2
=
2
2
2
2
r
V
Q
A
2
22
=
r
r
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= 0
P
t2
= P
s7
P
v
P
v
= P
v2
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
   

    Q
5
and P
v2
    
 
2
 

40 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
Notes:
 

 


 
 
 

 J

Warning!J-
sion JM
 t
d2
t
d5
.
 P
s5
P
s7
.
Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 12
Outlet chamber Setup — Multiple Nozzles In Chamber
min.
mm mm
in.
in.
QQ=
5
5
r
r

QY
P
CA
5
5
6
2=
∑
∆
r
*P
V
v2
=
2
2
2
2
r
V
Q
A
2
22
=
r
r
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= 0
P
t2
= P
s7
P
v
P
v
= P
v2
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
   

    Q
5
and P
v2
    

2


ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 41
Notes:
 

 


 D

 
 -


Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 13
Inlet Chamber Setup — Pitot Traverse in Duct
min.
min.
min.
min.
min.
min.
Transition
Piece
Cell
Straightener
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
P
t1
= P

P
t2
= P
v
PP
A
A
vv3
=
3
2
2
3
2
r
r
P
P
n
v3
v3r
=
∑
2
P
P
n
s3
s3r
=
∑
QQ=
3
3
r
r
*V
P
3
3
2=
v3
r
Q
3
= V
3
A
3
V
3

2


42 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
Notes:
 

 


 DDD
D
E

 

 -


 
Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 14
Inlet Chamber Setup — Ducted Nozzle on Chamber
min.
min.
min.
min.
min.
min.
min.
Transition
Piece
Cell
Straightener
QQ=
4
4
r
r
*Q
CA Y
P
E
4
6
4
4
2
1
=
−
∆
r
b
*P
V
v2
=
2
2
2
2
r
V
Q
A
2
22
=
r
r
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= P

P
t2
= P
v
P
v
= P
v2
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
   
  
   Q
4
and
P
v2
     

2


ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 43
Notes:
 

 


 
 

 P
s5
P


D
P
 -


Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 15
Inlet Chamber Setup — Multiple Nozzles In Chamber
QQ=
5
5
r
r

QY
P
CA
5
5
6
2=
∑
∆
r
*P
V
v2
=
2
2
2
2
r
V
Q
A
2
22
=
r
r
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
P
t1
= P

P
t2
= P
v
P
v
= P
v2
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
in.
in.
min.
min.
min.
min.
min.
min.
38 mm ±6 mm
Variable
Supply
System
   

    Q
5
and P
v2
    
 
2
 

44 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
Notes:
 
 


Flow and Pressure Formulae
Figure 16
Inlet Duct Setup — Pitot Traverse In Inlet Duct
min.
Transition Piece
PP
A
A
vv3
=
3
2
2
3
2
r
r
P
P
n
v3
v3r
=
∑
2
QQ=
3
3
r
r
P
t
= P
t2
- P
t1
PP Pf
L
D
P
t1 s3 v3
h3
v3
=+−
13
*V
P
3
3
2=
v3
r
P
P
n
s3
s3r
=
∑
P
t2
= P
v
Q
3
= V
3
A
3
P
s
= P
t
- P
v
V
3

2

ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 45
Figure 17A
Example of Typical Fan Performance Curve (SI)
Airflow Rate (m
3
/s)
Power Input (W)
Pressure (Pa)
η
t
η
s
H
i
46 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
Figure 17B
Example of Typical Fan Performance Curve (I-P)
Power Input (hp)
Pressure (in. wg)
Airflow Rate (cfm-Thousands)
η
s
η
t
H
i
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 47
Figure 18
Common Part for Circular Fan Outlet When D
2
= D
4
[21]
Figure 19
Common Part For Circular Fan Outlet When D
2
≠ D
4
[21]
b and h
Figure 20
Common Part for Rectangular Fan Outlet Where b ≥ h [21]
6D
4
2
4
2D
4
2D
4
D
4
Fan on test
Test fan outlet Pressure measurement section
6D
4
2
4
D
4
L
T2
D
4
2D
4
Fan on test
Test fan outlet Pressure measurement section
5D
4
2
4
D
4
L
T2
D
4
2D
4
Fan on test
Test fan outlet Pressure measurement section
09
51
07
4
2
2
4
..
≤
≤
=
D
D
LD
T2
095
4
107
10
4
3
4
2
4
..
.
≤
≤
=≤
pD
bh
LD b
h
T2
when
=
>
L
b
h
Db
h
T2
075
4
3
4
.when

A.1 General requirements
-
          
-





       -







A.2 Piezometer ring check (optional)
         


        
         





A.3 Blow through verication test




        
-
M



           



          
       



        

         

A.4 Reverse ow verication test

      






       -


-


Annex A
Airow Settling Means Eectiveness Check (Normative)
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 49
-

         -

        

B.1 Pressure decay method
-

P
0
t
        
P


PV = mRT or P =
r
RT 
Where P
V
m

T
r
= Air density
Q

V
dP
dt
dm
dt
T= R

Q
dm
dt
dm
dt
Q=
=
1
r
ror

dP
dt
QT
V
=
r
R

Q
V
T
dP
dt
=
rR

Q
V
P
dP
dt
=

Q
V
P
P
t
=
t
t
∆
∆

   Q     


 -
P
t


 t




      

B.2 Flow meter method
-

-


        -
          

Annex B
Chamber Leakage Rate Test Procedure (Informative)
50 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
Figure B.1
Pressure Decay Leakage Method Setup
Figure B.2
Pressure Decay History
Figure B.3
Leakage Test Setup, Flow Meter Method
P
Test Chamber
Fan or Air Compressor
Valve
Pressure Gauge
P (pressure)
t (time)
∆P
t
P
t
∆t
P
0
P
Fan or Air Compressor
Valve
Pressure Gauge
Test Chamber
Flowmeter
Q
V
P
P
t
=
t
t
∆
∆
 P
t
= test pressure
t
P
t
t
∆
∆

D
t

= 10 s
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 51
         
        

-

          
       



 




Annex C
Tubing (Informative)
Notes:
 



Figure C.1
Piezometer Ring Manifolding
Connecting Tubing
to Pressure Indicator
(6 mm (0.25 in.) ID. Min.)
Rigid or Flexible Tubing
(2 Equal Length Sections)
Wall Taps (typ.) 90° Apart
Measuring Duct
Rigid or Flexible Tubing
(4 Equal Length Sections)
52 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
D.1 General

         

a

b
P
t
P
s
and P
v

p
e

m
and C
         



D.2 Symbols
        -
     
the standard.
Symbol Description Unit
H
i
 
n  
P  
D.3 Fan total eciency equation
          
         

       


PQ
     

Q
P
H
o


HQ
dP
o
=
∫
1
6343 3
1
2
.



QQ
P
P
n
=
−
1
1
1/


H
Q
P
P
dP
n
o
=
−
∫
1
1
1
1
2
6343 3.
/


H
QP
n
n
P
P
nn
o
=
−
−
−
11 2
1
1
6343 31
1
.
/


P
t

P
P
P
P
1
2
1
1
=
−
t


h
t

h
t
o
i
=
H
H


h
t
t
i
=
−
−
−
QP
H
n
n
P
P
nn
1
2
1
1
6343 31
1
.
/

−
P
P
2
1
1

D.4 Compressibility coecient

h
t
tp
i
=
QPK
H
1

h
t
tp
i
=
QPK
H
1
6343 3.


Annex D
Derivations of Equations (Informative)
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 53
K
n
n
P
P
P
P
nn
p
=
−
−
−
−
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
/


D.5 Derivation of K
p
in terms of x and z
   K
p
    
n
P
2
/P
1

 
g
     


n
n −
=
−
11
h
g
g
t

x and z

x
P
P
=
t
1


z
H
QP
=
−
g
g
1
11
i

z
H
QP
=
−
g
g
1
6343 3
11
.
i


g
g −
=
1
1
x
z
H
QP
i
t


g
g −
=
1
6343 3
1
x
z
H
QP
.
i
t


P
P
x
2
1
1=+


K
p
K
x
z
H
QP
x
x
t
p
t
i
t
=
+
()
−
+
()
−
−
()
h
ggh
1
1
11
11
/

K
x
z
H
QP
x
x
t
p
t
i
t
=
+
()
−
+
−
()
h
ggh
6343 3
11
1
1
1
.
/
(()
−1


11
1
+
()
=+
()
−
()
zx
t
gg
h/


h
g
g
t
=
−
+
()
+
()
1
1
1


x
z


h
t
t
i
=
+
()
+
()
QP
H
z
x
x
x
1
1
1



h
t
t
i
=
+
()
+
()
QP
H
z
x
x
x
1
6343 3
1
1.




K
z
x
x
z
p
=
+
()
+
()


1
1

x and z
K
p
and
h
t

      x and z  
that x
z
        
         
        z 
         

D.6 Conversion equations
        
      


in a test standard.
54 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
D.7 Derivation of constants used in I-P system
formulae


D.7.1
          
        -
-


3
P =
r
gH and

P =×
××
×
13595 19 10
10
39 37
10
249
33
.. ..
.
.
.
 N/

n
in.
in.wg
..
.

13 595

in.wg=
D.7.2


           


V
P
0 
1
1
60
2 249 
1
in
.
.
ft s

v
=
×
00
10
16 
3
3
in.wg
/ft

×
.
.r

V
P
= 1097 .
v
r
D.7.3



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ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 55
E.1 Similarity




the fans.
E.1.1 Geometric similarity

        
      
          

E.1.2 Kinematic similarity

        
       



E.1.3 Dynamic similarity
        


      


E.2 Symbols


Symbol Description Unit
n  
P  
Q
 
3

  
E.3 Fan laws for incompressible ow
-
       -
       -
       

E.3.1 Fan total eciency
       
        

 


h
t

h

=
h
t

E.3.2 Fan airow rate
       
        
    

-
    D      
Q
QQ
D
D
N
N

=
3

E.3.3 Fan total pressure


        

r

        

P
t

PP
D
D
N
N
 t

=
22
r
r

E.3.4 Fan input power
      
         
-

      
H
i

HH
D
D
N
N
i

=
53
r
r

E.3.5 Fan velocity pressure
P
v


Annex E
Similarity and Fan Laws (Informative)
56 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
PP
D
D
N
N
 v

=
22
r
r

E.3.6 Fan static pressure

P

= P

- P


E.3.7 Fan static eciency

hh
 


=
P
P

E.4 Fan laws for compressible ow

        

E.4.1 Fan total eciency

        


h
t


h

=
h
t

E.4.2 Fan airow rate


Q
1
-
   Q
2
  



-



Q


QQ
Q≈
12

 
Q
       
        


P
Q
Q

H
o
= Q
1
P
t
K
p

H
QPK
o
tp
=
1
6343 3.


HQ
P
ot
=

H
QP
o
t
=
6343 3.


QQ
KQ
K
==
11 p




QQ
D
D
N
N
K
K

p

=
3

E.4.3 Fan total pressure
  

P
Q
         

H
o
= Q
1
P
2
- P
1
 
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 57
H
QP P
o
=
−
()
12 1
6343 3
.

-
 
P
t
P
2
- P
1
 

H
o
= Q
1
P
t

H
QP
o
t
=
1
6343 3
.

Q
1
P
1

   H
o
    

H
o
= Q
1
P
t
K
p

H
QPK
o
tp
=
1
6343 3.


P
t
= P
t
K
p

    -

PP
D
D
N
N
K
K
 t

p

=
22
r
r

E.4.4 Fan input power

H
QP K
i
=
tp
t
h

H
QP K
i
=
tp
t
6343 3. h


H
QP K



=
h

H
QP K



=
6343 3. h

-
          
-

HH
D
D
N
N
K
K
i

p

=
53
r
r

E.4.5 Fan velocity pressure

PP
Q
A
vv2
==
2
2
2
2
2
r

PP
Q
A
vv
22
==
2
2
2
1097 .
r


r
2
Q
2
=
r
1
Q
1
=
r
Q
1


P
QQ
A
v
=
()
r
12
2
2
2

P
QQ
A
v
=
()
r
12
2
2
1097 .


QQ
KQ
Q
2
22
12
=≈
p


P
QK
A
v
p
=
()
r
22
2
2
2

P
QK
A
v
p
=
()
r
22
2
2
1097 .


P
QK
A


=
()
r
2
2
2
2


P
QK
A


=
()
r
2
2
2
1097 .



-

PP
D
D
N
N
 v

=
22
r
r

E.4.6 Fan static pressure

P

= P

- P


E.4.7 Fan static eciency

hh
 


=
P
P

E.5 Fan law deviations



E.5.1 Reynolds number
        
       
-
    
        

         

E.5.2 Mach number
        
        


E.5.3 Bearing and drive losses

        
        
       
        


ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 59
F.1 General
         -

       
        -
        
       
         


-
     
  

      

-







       
        

Q
P

         
-
         
-
-


    
      

3


     

-
       
       
         


        -
    




-
        
        

F.2 Symbols

are used in addition to those that are used in the standard.
Symbol Quantity
dP/dQ 
e
X
D
X X
F
X
Subscript Description
A Area
 
 
 
 
 
Annex F
Uncertainty Analysis [10] (Informative)
60 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
H Fan input power
 
 
N Fan speed
o Fan output power
 
 
 
 
 
 
h

r
Fan air density
F.3 Measurement uncertainties

-

(1)

e
p
b
b
=
170.

e
p
b
b
=
005.

(2)      
         

e
t
d
d
=
+
10
273 15
.
.

e
t
d
d
=
+
20
459 67
.
.

(3)
         

e
tt
w
dw
=
−
3

e
tt
w
dw
=
−
5

(4)        

e
N
 
(5)

e
T
 
(6)
-

to that data.
       

e
 
(7)          


e
A
 
(8)-


       
-
    
m-

e
Q
Q
f
=
()
+
001001
2
2
2
..

(9)       -



  
         
-

e
P
P
P
P
g

=
()
+
+
001001 01
2
2
.. .

2

F.4 Combined uncertainties
  
     
        
      

ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 61
(1)       

r =
+
()
pV
Rt
b
d
273 15.

r =
+
()
70 73
459 67
.
.
pV
Rt
b
d


V
p
p
tt
=− −
−
()
10 0 
1500
..
e
b
dw

V
p
p
tt
=− −
−
()
10 0 
2700
..
e
b
dw



∆∆
∆
∆∆r
r
=
+
+
+
10
1
2
2
2
.
p
p
V
V
b
b
RR
R
t
T
+
+
2
2
273 15
∆
d
d
.

∆∆
∆
∆r
r
=
+
+
70 73
70 73
2
2
.
.
p
p
V
V
b
b
+
+
+
22
2
459 67
∆
∆
R
R
t
T
d
d
.


D
70.73 and
D
R
ee
ee
r
=++
bvd
222


ettt

dw
2
2
0 00002349 0 0003204=−
()
−
()
..∆

ettt

dw
2
2
0 00000725 0 0000542=−
()
−
()
..∆

(2)
      

-
          

e
QX
is the
X.
ee
ee
e
e
e
QA A
QC C
Qf
f
Qg
=
=
=
=
2
0
ee
e
e
e
QN N
Qρ
QT
=
=
=
2
0
ρ



eee
e
e
e
A
f
N
=++
+
+
22
2
2
2
22
r

(3)       -
         
         


e
e
e
ee
PA
PC
Pf
Pg g
=
=
=
=
0
0
0
ee
ee
e
PN N
Pρ
PT
=
=
=
2
0
ρ



ee
ee
 N
=++
()
22
2
2
r

(4)
       -
          


e
e
e
e
HA
HC
Hf
Hg
=
=
=
=
0
0
0
0
ee
ee
ee
HN N
Hρ
HT T
=
=
=
2
ρ

          -

ee
ee
HT N
=++
()
22
2
2
r

62 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
(5)        
   
       
        

  X    
      Q P   
       Q and P of
D
Q
X
and
D
P
X
.
Test Point
+ΔQ
x
+ ΔP
x
ΔQ
KQX
ΔQ
X
ΔQ
X
+ΔQ
X
ΔQ
KQX
ΔQ
KQX
ΔQ
KPX
ΔQ
KX
ΔQ
KX
ΔQ
KPX
θ
θ
Φ
Φ
For
D
Q
X
D
Q
KQX
tan
q

D
Q
-
D
Q
KQX

f

∆∆QQ
KQ
=
+
tan
tantan
f
qf

For
D
P
X
∆∆QP

tantan
qf+
()
=

∆∆QP

=
+
1
tantan
qf

        

∆∆ ∆QQ Q
KX KQX 
=+

tanf =
2
P
Q


tanf =−
dP
dQ

∆∆QQ
dp
dQ
P
Q
dP
dQ
KX
=
−
−
2

+
−
∆P
P
Q
dP
dQ
1
2


ee
dp
dQ
P
Q
dP
dQ
KX QX
=
−
−
2

+
−
e
P
Q
P
Q
dP
dQ

2
2
2



F
dp
dQ
P
Q
dP
dQ
Q
=
−
−
2



F
P
Q
P
Q
dP
dQ
=
−
2
2


eeF
e
F
KX QX Q

=+
2


eeF
ee
F
e
e
F
KA AQ
KC CQ
Kf
f
Q
=
=
=
2
e
e
F
ee
FF
e
e
FF
Kg
g
KN NQ
KQ
=
=+
()
=+
()
2
2
r
r

ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 63
      
       
noting that F
Q
F

e
e
eF
e
Fe e
e
KN
g
QC A
2
=
++
+++
r
2
22
2
22 2
2
ff
2
2
 
(6) Fan         

e
= 3e
K

(7)


e
e
ee F
e
Fe
h
r
=
+++
++
2
9
2
2
22 2
2
22
NT
g
QC
ee
e
A
f
2
2
2
+

F.5 Example
       
-
        
shown in Figure F.1.
-

(1)
  
     


e
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=
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 5
0 
.
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=
20
60 459 7
0 
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W
=
−
()
=
50
60 50
05
.
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N
= 0.005
e
T
= 0.02
e
C
= 0.012
e
A
= 0.005
e
Q
Q
f
=
()
+
001001
2
2
2
..

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P
P
P
P
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=
()
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001001 01
2
2
.. .

2
Note that e
f
and e
g
-
Q
QP
and P


(2)
-

ee
ee
pb
vd
=++
222
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=
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×
2

e
d
2
2
20
60 459 7
0
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=
+
()
=
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
e
r
= 0.0045



e
r
= 0.005
(3)-


   Q P  dP/dQ    
-
64 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
  
Figure F.2.
F.6 Summary
         
       
           
        



(1)



(2)
-

(3)     
   

(4)
       
          
      
         

(5)
       
-

(6)
 


       


      



ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 65
Figure F.1
Normalized Fan Flow vs. Pressure Curve
66 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
Figure F.2
Normalized Test Results Uncertainties
Table F.1
Tabulation for Uncertainty Analysis of Figure F.1
Per Unit Uncertainty
Normalized Fan Flow Rate % Q
0 10010 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
0.06
0
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
e
n
e
k
Q P
dP
dQ
F
F
Q
e
e
r
2
2
2
+
N
F
e
g
2
2
2
Fe e
e
 A
f
22 2
2
4
++
e
K
e
0
99 3.2 3.215 0.01971  
-6
53.5 × 10
-6
211.4 × 10
-6
0.0172 0.0531
95 16 3.075  0.90127 
-6
47.5 × 10
-6
× 10
-6
0.0162 0.0500
90 31.5 2.900 0.19444  
-6
41.2 × 10
-6
150.6 × 10
-6
0.0149 0.0464
 46 2.700   
-6
× 10
-6
123.2 × 10
-6
 0.0433
 59.5 2.500 0.37304 0.62696 
-6
33.7 × 10
-6
100.2 × 10
-6
0.0129 0.0405
75 72 2.275 0.45769 0.54231 
-6
31.9 × 10
-6
× 10
-6
0.0120 0.0379
70  1.950  0.45214 
-6
32.5 × 10
-6
60.9 × 10
-6
0.0112 0.0357
65 91.2 1.575 0.64051 0.35949 
-6
34.9 × 10
-6
43.1 × 10
-6
0.0105 0.0337
60  1.150 0.73962  
-6
× 10
-6
26.2 × 10
-6
 0.0319
55 102.6   0.17657 
-6
42.6 × 10
-6
14.5 × 10
-6
0.0094 0.0307
50 105.3 0.500  0.10611 
-6
46.2 × 10
-6
6.6 × 10
-6
0.0092 0.0301
45 107 0.250 0.95006 0.04994 
-6
49.3 × 10
-6
2.0 × 10
-6
0.0091 0.0299
40 107.9 0.050   
-6
51.6 × 10
-6
0 × 10
-6
0.0091 0.0299
35  -0.025 1.00407 -0.00407 
-6
51.9 × 10
-6
0 × 10
-6
0.0091 0.0300
30 107.6 -0.100 1.01414 -0.01414 
-6
52.4 × 10
-6
0.6 × 10
-6
0.0092 0.0301
25 107 -0.175   
-6
53.0 × 10
-6
× 10
-6
0.0093 0.0306
20 106 -0.225 1.02169 -0.02169 
-6
53.5 × 10
-6
7.4 × 10
-6
0.0096 0.0313
15 104.7 -0.275 1.02009 -0.02009 
-6
53.7 × 10
-6
20.0 × 10
-6
0.0102 0.0331
10 103.2 -0.325 1.01600 -0.016 
-6
54.0 × 10
-6
64.0 × 10
-6
0.0122 
5 101.6 -0.325   
-6
54.1 × 10
-6
× 10
-6
 0.0571
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 67
G.1 Calculating the value of C
C


G.2 Iterative procedure

CC
C
C

          
Ce = 0.99. It is suggested that

G.3 Example iteration
Iteration 1
Step 1-1 — Calculate Re, using:
Re
.
=
−
1097
60
1
6
6
5
4
µ
r
b
CeDY
P
E
∆

m
6

-5

Ce 
D
6
= 6 in. = 0.5 ft
Y 
D
P = 1.005 in. wg
r

3
E
b
4
 
Re
.
.
    .
1
5
1097
60 1 222 10
099050 1 005 0 0711=
()
×
()
()(
−
))
Re
1

Step 1-2
Ce
1

1

that L/D
Ce
Ce
1
1
1
1
0 
7 006 134 6
0 
7 006
197 397
134
=−
()
+
=− +
.
.
Re
.
Re
.
.
.
66
197 397
0 
1
.Ce =
Check:
Ce Ce−= −=
1
0990 0 0069.. .

Iteration 2
Step 2-1 — Re-estimate Re, using Ce
1
:
Re Re
Re
.
.
Re
21
1
2
2
197 397
0 
099
=
=
Ce
Ce
== 196 020
Step 2-2 — Recalculate C, using Re
2
:
Ce
Ce
2
2
2
2
0 
7 006 134 6
0 
7 006
196 020
134 6
1
=−+
=− +
.
.
Re
.
Re
.
.
.
996 020
0 
2
.Ce =
Check:
Ce Ce
12
0  0  0 0004−=
−=
.. .

Ce
2
C.
        
Ce.
G.4 Approximate procedure
-

Re =
−
1 363 000
1
6
4
D
P∆ r
b
  C  Y E = 1.0 and

-5

Annex G
Iterative Procedure (Informative)

Annex H
Fan Outlet Area (Normative)
H.1 General requirements


     P
t
    
         
       
        



H.2 Fans tested with outlet ducts — installation
types B and D
          



    
          


         P
v
and P
t

P
t2



Figure H.2
From Figure 12, Installation Type B: Free Inlet, Ducted
Outlet





           


Figure H.3
From Figure 12, Installation Type B: Free Inlet, Ducted
Outlet
Figure H.1
From Figure 15, Installation Type D: Ducted Inlet,
Ducted Outlet
           

       

H.2.1 Examples
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 69
H.3 Fans with a free discharge – installation types
A and C

          


of the fan. 
 


H.3.1 Examples


and shroud.
Figure H.4
From Figure 15, Installation Type A: Free Inlet, Free
Outlet
         

Figure H.5
From Figure 15, Installation Type A: Free Inlet, Free
Outlet
Figure H.6
From Figure 12, Installation Type C: Ducted Inlet, Free
Outlet
    

housing.
70 | ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16
 

 
            

             

 
 

 

         

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Annex I
General References/Bibliography (Informative)
ANSI/AMCA 210-16 — ANSI/ASHRAE 51-16 | 71
 

 

 
 

 
 











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The Air Movement and Control Association International Inc. is a not-for-profit association of the world’s manufacturers of air system equipment,
such as fans, louvers, dampers, air curtains, airflow measurement stations, acoustic attenuators and other air system components for the
industrial and commercial markets.
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